Small dose of ephedrine for prevention of hypotension following propofol and fentanyl administration during induction of general anesthesia

Induction of general anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl could result in hypotension and bradycardia. Various methods are being used to prevent these adverse effects. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a small dose of ephedrine in prevention of hypotension following administration of propofol and fentanyl. This prospective, randomized, comparative study was conducted among a total of 50 patients, both genders, age 18 years up to 60 years with ASA grade Ι and ΙΙ and some of class ΙΙΙ, presented for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated into one of two groups (25 patients in each): CG (the control group), which received propofol in a dose of 2 mg/kg, intravenously, over 20–30 s mixed with 2 mL normal saline: and EphG (Ephedrine group), while received propofol in a dose of 2 mg/kg, intravenously, over 20–30 s mixed with 2 mL of ephedrine (10 mg). The Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) and Heart Rate (HR) were recorded before induction and then every 1 min up to 6 min after induction. The categorical data are presented as a number and percentage and were subjected to Fisher’s exact or Chi-square test for analysis. The statistical significance was p≤0.05. The significant differences in HR were observed in the 3rd,4th, and 5th minutes with P-value, 0.018, 0.000, 0.000, respectively. However, no patient in the study participants had bradycardia. The significant differences in MAP were observed in the 2nd, 3rd,4th, and 5th minutes with P-value, 0.035, 0.000, 0.000, and 0.000, respectively. The percentage of patient in CG who developed hypotension in the 3rd and 4th is 44% and 32% compared to 8% and 0% in EphG, with significant differences (P-value 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). Administration of small dose of ephedrine with propofol could attenuate propofol/fentanyl hypotensive and bradycardic effects.

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To Compare Frequency of Sore Throat in Early Postop period in General Anesthesia and Endotracheal Intubation for Abdominal Surgeries who are given Dexamethasone and Normal Saline

10.53350/pjmhs211561227 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 1227-1229

Author(s):

R. Farooqi ◽

T. Iqbal ◽

M. S. Mehmood ◽

Z. Y. Bhatti ◽

F. Liaquat

Keyword(s):

General Anesthesia ◽

Sore Throat ◽

Endotracheal Intubation ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Group I ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group Ii

Aim: To Compare frequency of sore throat in early post operative period among patients undergoing general anaesthesia and endotracheal intubation for abdominal surgeries who are given dexamethasone and normal saline. Study Design: Randomized controlled study Setting: Department of Anesthesia/ ICU, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore Duration of study: Six months i.e. 25-09-2009 to 25-03-2010. Methodology: 120 patients undergoing elective general surgery on abdomen were selected. They were divided into two groups. Group I received dexamethasone 8mg (2ml) I/V pre-operatively and group II received 2ml normal saline I/V pre-operatively. Chi square test was used. Visual analogue (VAS) scale was used for recording sore throat. The VAS score ≤4 was considered as no sore throat and VAS scores>4 were considered as the sore throat. Results: Frequency of post-operative sore throat after the first 24 hours following GA and endotracheal intubation was lower in group (I) as compared to the control group (II). Eleven (20%) patients with dexamethasone had post-operative sore throat compared to thirty one (56.3%) patients in control group. (p<0.01). Conclusion: Pre-operative use of dexamethasone was associated with decreased incidence of post-operative sore throat. Keywords: Visual analogue scale (VAS), Post-operative sore throat, general anesthesia

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Factors Related to the Incidence of Typhoid Fever in the Work Area Health Office of Jayawijaya Regency

JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN PUBLIC HEALTH ◽

10.30994/jqph.v5i1.248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 49-56

Author(s):

Rahmad Suryawan Ura ◽

Yuly Peristiowati

Keyword(s):

Typhoid Fever ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Case Group ◽

District Health Office ◽

District Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Work Area ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Test Result

Typhoid fever is a disease that is prone to occur in Indonesia, because of the characteristics of the climate that is very prone to diseases related to the seasons. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors related to the incidence of typhoid fever in the Working Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. The research design used is quantitative analytics method using quantitative data. The type of approach used is case control. The population is 74 patients with typhoid fever. The large sample taken as many as 37 respondents, with a large comparison of samples between the number of respondents in the case group is 37 respondents, and 37 respondents as a control group, so the total number of samples is 74 respondents. Sampling techniques used in this study is a simple random sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, it is known that there is no relationship between age and the incidence of typhoid fever in the Working Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. Chi-square test result obtained p-Value Sig (0.445) > α (0.05). While it is known that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge, the level of education, hygiene of individual respondents with the incidence of typhoid fever in the Work Area of the Health Office of Jayawijaya Regency. Chi-square test results obtained p- value (0.000) < α (0.05) and environmental sanitation with the incidence of Typhoid Fever in the Work Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. Chi-square test result obtained p-value (0.001) < α (0.05). Based on the results of the study is expected to increase kinship with patients as well as by providing health services visits to the patient's home.

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Gloves Perforations in Minor Oral Surgical Procedures: A Comparison of Latex and Nitrile Gloves

Journal of The Pakistan Dental Association ◽

10.25301/jpda.302.103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (02) ◽

pp. 103-106

Author(s):

Ajeet Kumar ◽

◽

Naveed Iqbal ◽

Javaria Farooq ◽

Saad Uddin Siddiqui

Keyword(s):

Local Anesthesia ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Chi Square ◽

Oral Surgical Procedures ◽

Latex Gloves ◽

Chi Square Test

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to compare incidence of perforations in Latex and Nitrile examination gloves during Minor Oral surgical procedures performed under local anesthesia. METHODOLOGY: 100 pairs of latex and 100 pairs of Nitrile examination gloves where used to perform 200 minor oral surgical procedures under local anesthesia. After completion of every minor oral surgical procedure each gloves was examined by Water Inflation method to observe presence or absence of Perforations. A data sheet was used to collect data including type of Gloves used (Latex or Nitrile) presence of perforations, sites of perforations and nature of minor oral surgical procedures. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis was conducted to calculate frequency and percentages of Number and sites of perforations for both Nitrile and latex examination gloves. Chi Square test was used to find out statistical significance of difference of perforations rate between Nitrile and Latex gloves. P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Out of 200 latex gloves 23 (11.5) had 29 perforations whereas out of total 200 Nitrile gloves 28 (14%) had 22 perforations. Nitrile gloves had a statistically significant higher rate of perforations as compared to Latex gloves. (P value 0.043). For both Nitrile and Latex gloves left non dominant hand had highest frequency of perforations Latex 18 (81.81%) perforations and Nitrile 18(62.06%). Index finger and thumb were most frequent sites of perforations in both Latex and Nitrile gloves. CONCLUSION: Gloves perforations were more common in Nitrile examination gloves however total number of perforations was more in Latex examination gloves.

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ULTRASOUND PREDICTABILITY OF LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT CESAREAN SECTION SCAR THICKNESS

10.36106/ijsr/3520656 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-11

Author(s):

Madhu Kumari ◽

Kumari Bibha ◽

Abha Sinha ◽

Debarshi Jana

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Section ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Medical College ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Uterine Scar ◽

Age Range ◽

The Given

Objective: The objective of this study is to find out association between scar thickness, assessed sonographically, and intraoperative findings (IOF). Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar from June 2019 to May 2020. Methodology: A total of 70 pregnant patients were included in this study. Transabdominal ultrasound was done for scarred uteri. Sonographic findings were co-related with introperative findings. All the given data were entered on SPSS version 23. Age was expressed as mean ± SD. Parity, gestational age, and interval between cesarean sections were expressed as frequencies with percentages. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi-square test for categorical data for association between sonographic scar thickness and intraoperative findings. The statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results: The age range of the patients was 20- 36 years with a mean of 27.91 ±3.690 years. Gestational age at the time of cesarean section was between 27-40 weeks of gestation with a mean of 37 ±2.126 weeks. The interval from previous cesarean was 10 months at the minimum, and 6 years at the maximum with a mean of 2.29 ±1.0 months. Mean scar thickness was 2.5 mm. Association between scar thickness (<1-3 mm) and intaoperative findings of dehiscence and rupture showed a p-value of <0.001. Conclusion: Sonographic assessment of a uterine scar has a practical application to determine the thickness of previous scar, and assess its integrity.

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Incidences of Root Microcracks Caused by Hand and Rotary File System at Different Lengths

International Healthcare Research Journal ◽

10.26440/ihrj/0309.12004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 283-289

Author(s):

Shuchi Sukul ◽

Goldy Rathee ◽

Parimal Anand ◽

Sakshi Kataria ◽

Pratibha Taneja

Keyword(s):

File System ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

File Systems ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Root Surface ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group B

OBJECTIVES: The present research was conducted to assess incidences of root microcracks caused by hand and rotary file system at different lengths MATERIAL AND METHODS: This in-vitro study was undertaken to assess incidence of root microcracks caused by hand and rotary file system at different lengths In total, 100 the mandibular premolar with straight roots determined with intact, fully formed apices were taken. Samples were randomly distributed into 5 groups based on the file system used: a) Group A: Control, b) Group B: Reciproc, c) Group C: WaveOne, d) Group D: One Shape and e) Group E: ProTaper. Pearson Chi-square test was used to determine the differences between groups. The dentinal defects were expressed as percentage of samples with microcracks in each group. Level of statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05. RESULTS: The chi square test was used to compare the Distribution of the number of teeth in which cracks were observed on the horizontal sections. It was found to be significant with group ProTaper showing maximum cracks at 3,6,9 mm level as compared to other file systemCONCLUSION: Nickel-titanium instruments causes cracks on the apical root surface or in the root canal wall. ProTaper causes maximum dentinal cracks as compared to other file systems

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Neonatal and Maternal Outcomes in Spontaneously-Conceived Twin Pregnancies According to Mode of Delivery

Folia Medica ◽

10.3897/folmed.62.e49276 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 468-476

Author(s):

Samantha Mc Kenzie Stancu ◽

Manuela Cristina Russu

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Statistical Correlation ◽

P Value ◽

Maternal Outcomes ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Nicu Admission ◽

Twin Pregnancies

Introduction: Appropriate intrapartum conduct in a twin delivery remains a challenging aspect of obstetric practice. The objective of this study was to compare neonatal and maternal outcomes in twin pregnancies according to mode of delivery.  Materials and methods: This is a single centre retrospective cohort study of all consecutive spontaneously-conceived twin deliver-ies (≥ 24 weeks, estimated fetal weight ≥ 500 grams) over a nine-year period between 01/01/2007 - 31/12/2016 at a tertiary-level centre. Neonatal outcomes included survival, APGAR score, prematurity-associated pathology (PAP), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and length of stay (LOS). Maternal outcomes included postpartum complications and LOS. Statistical analysis comprised Chi-square test with subsequent p-value and odds-ratio with 95% confidence interval. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 173 consecutive women with spontaneously-conceived twin deliveries were enrolled in this study, 129 (74.6%) women delivered by caesarean section (CS). The success rate of vaginal delivery (VD) was 93.6% (44/47). A strong statistical correlation was identified between CS and NICU admission; 53.2% vs. 1.5% (p=0.0001). Neonatal LOS in the NICU was significantly longer in the CS group. Prematurity-associated pathology (PAP) was noted in 75 pairs of twins (75/173); 61 pairs were delivered by CS, bearing strong statistical significance (p<0.0001). Postpartum complications occurred in 14.7% of CS compared to 13.6% of VDs.  Conclusion: Neonates delivered by CS had a higher rate of PAP, NICU admission, lower birth weight and longer LOS. This study showed that VD is safe, especially when the first twin is in cephalic presentation

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The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i11.369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 1030-1036

Author(s):

Galih Aktama ◽

Henky Agung Nugroho ◽

Muhammad David Perdana Putra

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

Pulmonary Complications ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Elective Surgical Procedures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Elective Patients

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

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Channa striata (Ikan Gabus) Extract and the Acceleration of Tuberculosis Treatment: A True Experimental Study

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2019/8013959 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isa Ma’rufi ◽

Khaidar Ali ◽

Ign Arya Sedemen ◽

P. Purwanto ◽

Abu Khoiri

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Intervention Group ◽

International Health ◽

Tuberculosis Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Channa Striata ◽

True Experiment

Tuberculosis is international health problem, which is classified in Global Emergency disease since 1992. The objective of the study is to determine the effect of Channa striata extract toward the acceleration of tuberculosis treatment. The study used true experiment, in which the intervention of the study was Channa striata supplementation to respondent. In addition, Chi-square was used to analyze the data with SPSS version 22. The result is the proportion of respondent classified in negative category in intervention group within week 0, week 1, week 2, week 3, and week 4 being 10.7%, 35.9%, 56.3%, 70.9%, and 90.3%, respectively. Besides, the proportion of respondent classified in negative category in control group within week 0, week 1, week 2, week 3, and week 4 was 13.4%, 23.7%, 37.1%, 49.5%, and 68%, respectively. Based on Chi-square test, the P value of Channa striata supplementation toward the acceleration of tuberculosis treatment week 1, week 3, and week 4 is 0.045, 0.019, and 0.005 (P< α; α=0.05), respectively. It means that there were differences between Channa striata supplementation and acceleration of tuberculosis treatment among respondent. Therefore, Channa striata treatment was significantly related to the acceleration of tuberculosis recovery.

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The Effect Of Oxytosin Massage Through The Back On The Production Of Breast Milk In Post Partum Mother In The Mother Of Permata Bunda Subdistrict Babat

Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban ◽

10.47710/jp.v1i1.23 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dwi Kurnia purnama Sari

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Milk Production ◽

Health Workers ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Post Partum ◽

Significant Degree ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test

Every minute of one baby indonesia died because they did not to obtain breast milk (BM) in the first hour of birth, problems in the provision of breastfeeding can because production breastfeeding not out.One way to overcome the incomplete milk production is by doing a massage of oxytocin through the back. This message can relax the mother’s so that stimulate oxcytocin reflex and milk production also smoothly. The purpose of this research to know the influence of massage oxytocin through the back to production breastfeeding on the post partum. This research using design Quasy experimental that involves 30 respondents taken with systematic random sampling. Respondents divided into 2 groups, namely the control group were 15 respondents and group experimental were 15 respondents.Data collection use observation checklist.Data analyzed using chi-square test with a significant degree α ≤ 0.05. The results of statistical tests chi square obtained p value = 0,028 (α< 0,05)thus H1 accepted that mean there are influence massage oxytocin through the back to production breastfeeding on the post partum. The research at the clinic Permata BundaSubdistrict Babat that is the massage oxytocin through the back to production breastfeeding. Because massage oxytocin through the back can stimulate reflexes oxytocin hormone. Expected for health workers can provide health education about massage oxytocin through the back to the community so later expected all the community be able to apply massage oxytocin through the back to overcome it swift sailboat production breastfeeding.

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Determining the risk factors for xerostomia in dental out-patients

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17750/kmj2015-174 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 174-177

Author(s):

K V Komarova ◽

N N Ratkina ◽

V K Polenichkin ◽

E P Karmanov

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Main Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Endocrine Disorders ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Period Duration ◽

Group 1

Aim. To determine the risk factors for xerostomia.Methods. The study included 137 patients aged 25 to 60 years (61 males, 76 females), the main group consisted of 40 patients with xerostomia (11 males, 29 females), with a median age of 44.5 years (38; 49.5). The control group included 97 patients without xerostomia (50 males, 47 females), median age - 42 years (36; 49). The questionnaire by V.V. Afanas’ev (1993) was used to collect the complaints, anamnesis and to determine the risk factors for xerostomia. Qualitative indicators are listed as absolute numbers and shares (%). In assessing the statistical significance of qualitative indicators differences, contingency tables with subsequent Pearson chi-square test were used.Results. Among the patients of the main group, 19 (47.5%) took medications decreasing the salivation, with intake period duration ranging from 1 to 4 months. When questioned, patients with xerostomia reported statistically significant increase in the rates of cardiovascular disorders (15 patients, 37.5%), gastrointestinal tract diseases (11 patients, 27.5%), endocrine diseases (10 patients, 25%), musculoskeletal diseases (9 patients, 22.5%). The combination of three or more positive answers on V.V. Afanas’ev questionnaire questions was revealed in 12 (30%) patients of the main group, which was significantly higher compared to the control group (1 patient, 1.03%).Conclusion. The most typical reasons for developing xerostomia were the following: taking medications decreasing the salivation, presence of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal and endocrine disorders. Three or more positive answers on V.V. Afanas’ev questionnaire questions increase the probability of detecting xerostomia in a respondent.

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