scholarly journals The effect of curricula approaches to the development of the student’s clinical reasoning ability

Curationis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Khanyile ◽  
F Mfidi
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jump Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference

A comparative analysis was undertaken using descriptive and cross sectional survey design, to explore the effect of Problem Based Learning and Traditional approach on the development of clinical reasoning abilities of nursing students. Using quota sampling, a sample of 87 subjects was used from two University Nursing Departments, each using these curricula approaches. Students from their first, second and fourth year were interviewed, using the Triple Jump Exercise as an instrument to collect data. Data analysis using the SAS computer software package was employed to obtain both descriptive and statistical summarizations. Though descriptive analysis of the scores of clinical reasoning showed a slight difference between the two curricular approaches, this was not confirmed statistically as the two factor ANOVA and Tukey’s methods revealed no significant differences by approaches. The only significant difference was revealed between the students’ levels of study with senior levels (4th years) outperforming their juniors. These findings therefore conclude that, students using Problem Based Learning and Traditional approach perform on a similar level in clinical reasoning.

scholarly journals Knowledge on Classroom Behaviour Modification Techniques of Pre-Service Teachers of Colleges of Education in Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Grace Yeboah ◽  
Eric Nyarko-Sampson ◽  
Linda Dzama Forde
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Colleges Of Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behaviour Modification ◽  
Classroom Behaviour ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Education In Ghana

Classroom discipline is one of the most thought-provoking issues in modern education.Studies has it that students’ classroom misconduct interferes with teaching and learning and is believed to be a precursor to later school dropout and similar negative social outcomes. This study aimed at investigating the knowledge of pre-service teachers of Colleges of Education in Ghana on the concept of behaviour modification techniques in the classroom. A cross-sectional survey design was used for the study. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to obtain a sample size of three hundred and sixty participants for the study. Data was collected using behaviour modification questionnaire developed by the researchers and analysed using SPSS data analysis software. The results show that most of the participants have insufficient knowledge on behaviour modification techniques for classroom management even though they exhibited strong knowledge on few of the items. At 5% level of significance, there was virtually no significant difference found to exist in pre-service teachers’ knowledge of behaviour modification practices in terms of gender difference. Furthermore, the study revealed that programme of study never had a significant effect on the pre-service teachers’ knowledge on classroom behaviour modification techniques. It is recommended that training programmes of teacher education should be reviewed to strengthen the knowledge of pre-service teachers on classroom behaviour modification techniques.

scholarly journals Perceptions of nurse managers and staff nurses regarding Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing theory in general hospitals in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youko Nakano ◽  
Tomoya Yokotani ◽  
Feni Betriana ◽  
Chihiro Kawai ◽  
Hirokazu Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Technological Competency

Background: Nurses as primary healthcare providers demonstrate quality nursing care through competencies with healthcare technologies, while nurse managers assume the primacy of managing quality healthcare in their respective care settings. However, little is known about perceptions of the influence of care technologies on their nursing practice. Objective: This study aimed to determine managers’ and staff nurses’ perceptions regarding the Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing (TCCN) theory in general hospitals in Japan. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, with 421 participants selected using a stratified sampling method. Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing Instrument–Revised (TCCNI-R) was used for online data collection using Survey Monkey©. Data were analyzed using Welch’s t-test and ANOVA. Results: Nurses with years of experience within the range of 20 to less than 30 years showed the highest TCCNI-R scores among the two groups. Nurses who had received education on caring in nursing showed significant differences for Factor 2 (Technological Competency as Caring), that of expressing Technological Competency as Caring. Three other factors showed no significant difference, namely in Factor 1 (Nursing Expression as Caring), Factor 3 (Technology and Caring), and Factor 4 (Technological Knowing). However, the average scores of these factors were high, which reflect high professional ethics and occupational discipline and increased awareness of caring in nursing. It was also found that the nurse managers were more aware of the TCCN than were the staff nurses. The nurse managers were also more aware of providing care using technology, recognizing the need-to-know patient needs through technology and providing care to the ever-changing patient’s condition. Conclusion: The study discovered that continuing education is needed regarding the practice of nursing based on theory, enabling appropriate and accurate understanding of practicing knowing persons as caring in nursing. Funding: JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17K12159

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Teachers' Practices in Implementation of Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum in Public Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 623-632
Author(s):  
Raima Mubashar ◽  
Aroona Hashmi ◽  
Fasiha Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Early Childhood Care ◽  
Childhood Care ◽  
Significant Difference

The study was determined to find the factors that affect the teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum in public schools. The study was quantitative in nature, and a cross-sectional survey design was used. All the ECCE teachers in public schools formed the population of the study. The proportionate stratified random sampling technique was employed, and 278 teachers were selected as a sample of the study. The data were collected using the questionnaire on factors affecting teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum. The findings showed that there is a significant difference on the basis of experience as p (0.000) ? 0.05 and an insignificant difference on the basis of qualification and class size as p (0.000) > 0.05. The study recommended that teacher training institutes of early childhood care and education should induct the curricula that are activity-based, and schools may provide better learning conditions in ECCE centers.

scholarly journals Generational Differences in Faculty and Student Comfort With Technology Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 237796082094139
Author(s):  
Amanda Culp-Roche ◽  
Debra Hampton ◽  
Angie Hensley ◽  
Jessica Wilson ◽  
Amanda Thaxton-Wiggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Integration ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Navigating through online education courses continues to be a struggle for some nursing students. At the same time, integrating technology into online courses can be difficult for nursing faculty. Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess faculty technology integration practices, student attitudes about technology use, and generational differences related to faculty and student technology use. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used to obtain data for this study. Results Integration of technology into online courses and student attitudes about technology use were not significantly different by generation. Faculty and students from the Baby Boomer and Generation X reported less comfort using technology and higher levels of anxiety using technology than did individuals from Generation Y. Conclusion Significant generational variations were not noted in relation to technology integration into courses and overall student attitudes about technology in this study, but differences were noted in relation to comfort with use of technology and anxiety when using technology. Student learning outcomes and satisfaction with learning may be influenced by the student’s comfort using technology and faculty’s confidence in integrating and using technology to provide online instruction.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Artificial Fruit Ripening Among Consumers in Rivers State

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 436-454
Author(s):  
Elizabeth E. Eze ◽  
Emmanuel. U. Asogwa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Artificial Fruit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rivers State

The study investigated the knowledge of artificial fruit ripening among consumers in Rivers State. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Four research questions and three null hypotheses tested at .05 alpha level guided the study. The population for the study was 2,617,600 respondents in fruit markets in Rivers State. A sample size of 1,024 fruit consumers was drawn suing multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected using a validated self-structured questionnaire titled "Knowledge of Artificial Fruit Ripening (KAFR)”. Guttman Split-Half Coefficient of 0.881 was obtained using Pearson Product Moment Correlation in conjunction with Spearman Brown correction statistics. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square, z-test, and One way Analysis of Variance. It was found that consumers had moderate knowledge of artificial fruit ripening in Rivers State. Also, male consumers, those within 31-40 years and those with tertiary education had higher knowledge of artificial fruit ripening. More so, the study revealed significant difference in knowledge among consumers in Rivers State based on gender, age and level of education. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that; community health workers in Rivers State should organize regular heath education campaigns concerning the dangers of using chemicals for fruit ripening among consumers in Rivers State.   

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ATTITUDES OF SCIENCE AND NON-SCIENCE STUDENTS TOWARDS STATISTICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-383
Author(s):  
Sunday G. Adeniyi ◽  
◽  
Musa Yusuf ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

The current study was conducted to determine whether there would be a difference between science and non-science students attitudes towards statistics. Two hundred and eight undergraduates were pooled from three public tertiary institutions in the Kogi State of Nigeria as the study participants. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. The participants completed a self-report measure of Survey of Attitude toward Statistics (SATS-36), originally developed by Schau (2003). An independent t-test performed on the data established a statistically significant difference in the attitudes of the science and non-science students towards statistics at MD = 0.77 (95% CI, 0.57 to 0.77), t (206) = 12.747, p = .001. It was concluded that there is variation between the attitude of science students and non-science students towards the teaching and learning of statistics. The study recommends that robust attitude change strategies be adopted to reshape the attitudes of the non-science students towards statistics.

scholarly journals Energy sources for cooking and its determinants in rural areas of Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Michael Shadrack Mangula ◽  
Joseph A. Kuzilwa ◽  
Simon S. Msanjila ◽  
Isack Legonda
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Using traditional sources of energy for cooking in rural areas of Tanzania is associated with problems such as lung diseases, soil erosion and air pollution. This paper identifies the energy sources used for cooking and its determinants in rural areas of Tanzania. Cross-sectional survey design through questionnaire was used to collect data from 384 households living in rural areas of Njombe and Iringa regions in Tanzania. Multistage cluster sampling technique was employed to sample districts, wards and villages, while rural heads of households were sampled randomly using the fishbowl method to avoid biasness. Descriptive analysis such as frequencies and percentages were used. Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) techniques was used to estimate the parameters of factors determining the choices of energy sources for cooking in rural areas of Tanzania. The findings show that firewood is the main source of energy for cooking, followed by charcoal, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and electricity in rural areas of Tanzania. The study shows that education, household size, occupation, income, and age of respondents determine the choices of energy sources for cooking. It can be concluded that, apart from improving income, other intervention such as family planning, reforestation programmes and promotion of the use of modern cooking stoves should be done to ensure sustainable development in rural areas of Tanzania

scholarly journals Parent-Child Communication and the Prevalence of Sexual Molestation among Adolescnts

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
F. Lanre-Babalola ◽  
O. A. Oke
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Child Victim ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sexual Molestation ◽  
The University

Sexual molestation is a complex life experience, not a disorder or diagnosis. The diversity of behaviours included in sexual abuse, along with differences in the age and gender of the child victim, the nature of the relationship between the child and the perpetrator or molesters or abusers, and the frequency and duration of the child abuse or child molestation. This study examined the prevalence and patterns of sexual molestation among adolescents’ students in Nigeria. Also investigated the influence of socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, and residential location on the prevalence of sexual molestation as well as their history with the aim of understanding how to resolve the problem associated with it. The Study design was Cross-sectional survey design. The University of Lagos, Akoka and Redeemer’s University Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria was the location of the study. The study population comprised of students in Redeemer’s University, Ede Osun-State and the University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos. The 200 questionnaires were distributed randomly among students. The data derived through the administered questionnaire was analyzed using frequency, percentage and t-test. Results showed that over 20% of adolescents have experienced sexual molestation of one or the other, of it was also discovered that male respondents have a higher experience of sexual molestation than female respondents among adolescents (t= 1.02, df = 198, P>0.05). A large number of parents have discussions concerning sexual molestation with their children. The study also revealed that there is a significant difference between adolescents who live with their parents and those who do not on the experience of sexual molestation (t= 2.42, df = 198, P<0.05). Adolescents in Nigeria in experience one form of sexual molestation or the other. It was therefore recommended that Parents should be informed that male children are also prone to be sexually molested, In addition, attention should be paid to close relatives as living in same residence with adolescents does not automatically prevent sexual molestation.                         

Do Adverse Childhood Experience and Age Predispose Youths to Substance Use?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rotimi Oguntayo ◽  
'Remi Sunday Opayemi ◽  
OYELEKE JOHNSON TUNDE
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range

Introduction: There are overwhelming evidence on the negative impacts of substance abuse on youth. However, there is paucity of literature on the scenario that adverse childhood experience and age could influence substance use among Nigeria youths. This study investigated whether adverse childhood experience and age could predispose youths to substance use. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted with a pack questionnaire to collect data from 599 participants containing demographic factors, Adverse childhood experience Questionnaire (CTQ) and Drug Abuse Screening Test-20 (DAST-20). Results: Present finding showed that adverse childhood experience (ACE) had significant difference on substance use (t(394)=13.64; p&lt;.001). Participants with high ACE ( = 46.21, SD = 04.75) exhibited higher substance use than those with low ACE ( = 35.90, SD = 09.56). Also, age has significant influence on substance use (F (2, 597) = 5.511, p&lt;.05). further analysis showed that there is a significant difference between those in the early age (n= 418) and middle age (n = 32) with a total adjusted mean of 26.0, compared to participants within the age range of 18-24years who had adjusted mean difference of 19.7, while participants within the age range of 32-40years (n=150) had adjusted mean difference of 5.72 compared with participants within the age range of 25-31years who had a total adjusted mean of 19.7. Discussion and Conclusions: The study revealed that ACE and age did predisposed youths to substance use; to prevent substance use stakeholders should ameliorate ACEs and manage late adolescence among youths.

Professional Development Needs to Improve Teaching Science in Secondary Schools: Case Study of Mbeya, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
Charles Ephraim Kibona ◽  
Joyce Sifa Ndabi ◽  
Isack Ephraim Kibona
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Science Teachers ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Teaching Science ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: This study examined pedagogy and subject content needs for Professional Development (PD) to improve teachers’ skills in teaching science in secondary schools in Mbeya, Tanzania. Study Design: The study employed a quantitative research approach and cross-sectional survey design. Methodology: The main instrument used for the study was questionnaire. In this study, schools were randomly selected, and 256 respondents, science teachers were selected through stratified sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed quantitatively. Results: Science teachers need Professional Development (PD) in Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), masterly of science subject contents and technological skills of modern teaching. There was no significant difference in the mean scores for components of pedagogy knowledge between teachers who teach math subject and those who teach physics, chemistry and biology at  using independent samples t-test. Teachers need of PD in subject content in topics were as follows: accounts (61.7%), genetics (46.2%), electromagnetism (44.2%), electronics (40.4%), circles and the Earth as a sphere (29.6%), statistics and probability (28.4%), inorganic chemistry (25%), and ionic theory and electrolysis (24.1%). Conclusion: Science and mathematics teachers in Secondary schools need PD intervention in the subject content of science subjects.

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