Parent-Child Communication and the Prevalence of Sexual Molestation among Adolescnts

Sexual molestation is a complex life experience, not a disorder or diagnosis. The diversity of behaviours included in sexual abuse, along with differences in the age and gender of the child victim, the nature of the relationship between the child and the perpetrator or molesters or abusers, and the frequency and duration of the child abuse or child molestation. This study examined the prevalence and patterns of sexual molestation among adolescents’ students in Nigeria. Also investigated the influence of socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, and residential location on the prevalence of sexual molestation as well as their history with the aim of understanding how to resolve the problem associated with it. The Study design was Cross-sectional survey design. The University of Lagos, Akoka and Redeemer’s University Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria was the location of the study. The study population comprised of students in Redeemer’s University, Ede Osun-State and the University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos. The 200 questionnaires were distributed randomly among students. The data derived through the administered questionnaire was analyzed using frequency, percentage and t-test. Results showed that over 20% of adolescents have experienced sexual molestation of one or the other, of it was also discovered that male respondents have a higher experience of sexual molestation than female respondents among adolescents (t= 1.02, df = 198, P>0.05). A large number of parents have discussions concerning sexual molestation with their children. The study also revealed that there is a significant difference between adolescents who live with their parents and those who do not on the experience of sexual molestation (t= 2.42, df = 198, P<0.05). Adolescents in Nigeria in experience one form of sexual molestation or the other. It was therefore recommended that Parents should be informed that male children are also prone to be sexually molested, In addition, attention should be paid to close relatives as living in same residence with adolescents does not automatically prevent sexual molestation.

Download Full-text

The knowledge, perceptions and relationship behaviour of rugby and football players towards HIV infection at the University of Limpopo

Curationis ◽

10.4102/curationis.v41i1.1899 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Indiran Govender ◽

Kathryn Nel ◽

Nhlanhla Banyini

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Survey Design ◽

Physical Contact ◽

Hiv Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Contact Sports ◽

Quota Sampling ◽

Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽

The University

Background: Sport has the capability to unite a country. To achieve winning teams, athletes have to rely on each other and often have close physical contact. Disclosure of a positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status may be problematic for athletes in contact sports as they may suffer discrimination and stigmatisation which may impact their relationship behaviours. This may impact frontline nursing and medical staff dealing with on-field ‘blood’ injuries.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if individuals who participate in football and rugby are aware of the risk of HIV infection in contact sports and their perceptions and reported behaviour towards HIV-positive athletes.Method: A cross-sectional survey design with a qualitative element. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, while thematic content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data.Non-proportional quota sampling was used for male rugby (n = 23) and football (30) players registered at the University of Limpopo (Turfloop campus).Results: The results supported previous research in that there are gaps in HIV knowledge. For instance, not knowing that anal sex may cause HIV infection and believing that saliva can transmit HIV and that blood transfusions are unsafe.Conclusion: Problematic findings were that a portion of the sample believed that having sex with a virgin could cure HIV and the majority of the sample believed that being ‘bewitched’ could cause HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Download Full-text

An Exploratory Study of Students’ Indiscipline at Islamic University in Uganda

East African Journal of Education Studies ◽

10.37284/eajes.3.1.326 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 87-95

Author(s):

Amina Hassan

Keyword(s):

Survey Design ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Law Faculty ◽

The Status ◽

School Rules ◽

The Common ◽

Faculty Of Education ◽

The University ◽

Academic Year

The study explored the common students’ indiscipline at Islamic University in Uganda. The study was quantitative and a cross-sectional survey design was used. The population of the study was 3,486 registered students in the academic year 2019/2020. They were selected from the Faculty of Education, Faculty of Management Studies, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Social Sciences, and Faculty of Science. A sample of 265 respondents was selected for the study using proportionate and random sampling. The mean score was computed to analyse the data. To conclude, the point range of the arithmetic mean was considered. The study found that the common indiscipline among learners in IUIU included disrespect to teachers and school rules and regulations, theft, and irregular attendance. The study recommended IUIU administration improves staff remuneration to change the status of the teachers. Furthermore, the administration needs to tighten security in the university and residents need to take care of their property to avoid theft. The researcher also recommended that a study should be carried out to find out the cause of students’ irregular attendance

Download Full-text

The effect of curricula approaches to the development of the student’s clinical reasoning ability

Curationis ◽

10.4102/curationis.v28i2.955 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T Khanyile ◽

F Mfidi

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Clinical Reasoning ◽

Survey Design ◽

Traditional Approach ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Problem Based Learning ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Jump Exercise ◽

Significant Difference

A comparative analysis was undertaken using descriptive and cross sectional survey design, to explore the effect of Problem Based Learning and Traditional approach on the development of clinical reasoning abilities of nursing students. Using quota sampling, a sample of 87 subjects was used from two University Nursing Departments, each using these curricula approaches. Students from their first, second and fourth year were interviewed, using the Triple Jump Exercise as an instrument to collect data. Data analysis using the SAS computer software package was employed to obtain both descriptive and statistical summarizations. Though descriptive analysis of the scores of clinical reasoning showed a slight difference between the two curricular approaches, this was not confirmed statistically as the two factor ANOVA and Tukey’s methods revealed no significant differences by approaches. The only significant difference was revealed between the students’ levels of study with senior levels (4th years) outperforming their juniors. These findings therefore conclude that, students using Problem Based Learning and Traditional approach perform on a similar level in clinical reasoning.

Download Full-text

Why Do Students Engage in Examination Malpractice? The University for Development Studies Experience

Journal of Social Science Studies ◽

10.5296/jsss.v7i1.15326 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

John Dadzie Thompson ◽

Gilbert Ansoglenang ◽

Suuk Laar

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Academic Dishonesty ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Development Studies ◽

Body Parts ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The University

Any form of examination malpractice is unacceptable, fraudulent, and signifies an act of academic dishonesty with significant punitive consequences. This paper investigated the reasons why students engage in examination malpractice during examinations at the University for Development Studies (UDS). The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design for this research and targeted undergraduate students of the Tamale Campus of the UDS. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 278 out of a total student population of 6,729 for the study. They responded mainly to questionnaire and a few open ended questions to provide the needed data for analysis. The findings suggest that (i) smuggling of prepared notes on pieces of papers (foreign material) into the examination hall,(ii) writing of examination answers on palms, thighs and other body parts, and (iii) communication by seeking for answers from colleagues are the three topmost forms/methods students engage to cheat during examinations. The desire to obtain good grades just as the more intelligent students pushes some students to cheat during examinations. The introduction of scanners and e-search software, the spacing of sitting arrangements, installation of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras in large examination halls may help curb cheating.

Download Full-text

Knowledge on Classroom Behaviour Modification Techniques of Pre-Service Teachers of Colleges of Education in Ghana

Journal of Education Society and Behavioural Science ◽

10.9734/jesbs/2020/v33i230203 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 62-71

Author(s):

Grace Yeboah ◽

Eric Nyarko-Sampson ◽

Linda Dzama Forde

Keyword(s):

Classroom Management ◽

Survey Design ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Colleges Of Education ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Behaviour Modification ◽

Classroom Behaviour ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Education In Ghana

Classroom discipline is one of the most thought-provoking issues in modern education.Studies has it that students’ classroom misconduct interferes with teaching and learning and is believed to be a precursor to later school dropout and similar negative social outcomes. This study aimed at investigating the knowledge of pre-service teachers of Colleges of Education in Ghana on the concept of behaviour modification techniques in the classroom. A cross-sectional survey design was used for the study. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to obtain a sample size of three hundred and sixty participants for the study. Data was collected using behaviour modification questionnaire developed by the researchers and analysed using SPSS data analysis software. The results show that most of the participants have insufficient knowledge on behaviour modification techniques for classroom management even though they exhibited strong knowledge on few of the items. At 5% level of significance, there was virtually no significant difference found to exist in pre-service teachers’ knowledge of behaviour modification practices in terms of gender difference. Furthermore, the study revealed that programme of study never had a significant effect on the pre-service teachers’ knowledge on classroom behaviour modification techniques. It is recommended that training programmes of teacher education should be reviewed to strengthen the knowledge of pre-service teachers on classroom behaviour modification techniques.

Download Full-text

Pulmonary function changes in asymptomatic smokers - a community survey in Udupi, Karnataka, India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170169 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 653

Author(s):

Senthil Kumar Elumalai ◽

Arun G. Maiya ◽

Kalyan B. Chakravarthy

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Respiratory Disease ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Community Survey ◽

The Other ◽

Dose Effect ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Background: Smoking has been labeled the most important preventable cause of a respiratory disease and its effects in a smoker are well established. A better understanding on the pulmonary function impairments in an asymptomatic smoker is the need of the hour. Objective: To study the pulmonary function changes in asymptomatic smokers and non- smokers and to establish the dose -effect relationship amongst asymptomatic smokers.Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in Udupi district of Karnataka, India. 140 men aged between 20 to 45 years with a BMI ranging from 18.5 to 29.9 Kg2 /m was enrolled in to the study. 70 subjects were asymptomatic smokers and the other 70 were non-smokers. Outcomes measured were standard spirometric measures for pulmonary function and symptoms like breathlessness, cough and sputum using a Breathlessness Cough Sputum scale.Results: The mean age (mean ± SD) of non-smokers and asymptomatic smokers enrolled was 34.7±5 and 33.8±5 years respectively. The mean smoking dose amongst the asymptomatic smokers was 15.74±5.5 pack years. FEV1 amongst the asymptomatic smokers showed a negative correlation with smoking dose (p<0.05) and there was a significant difference in FEV1, FVC, PEFR, MVV and FEF 25- 75 % (p<0.001) amongst the asymptomatic smokers and non-smokers.Conclusions: Asymptomatic smokers showed low values of pulmonary function parameters compared to those in non-smokers.

Download Full-text

Perceptions of nurse managers and staff nurses regarding Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing theory in general hospitals in Japan

Belitung Nursing Journal ◽

10.33546/bnj.1767 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Youko Nakano ◽

Tomoya Yokotani ◽

Feni Betriana ◽

Chihiro Kawai ◽

Hirokazu Ito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nurse Managers ◽

Survey Design ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Staff Nurses ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Online Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

General Hospitals ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Technological Competency

Background: Nurses as primary healthcare providers demonstrate quality nursing care through competencies with healthcare technologies, while nurse managers assume the primacy of managing quality healthcare in their respective care settings. However, little is known about perceptions of the influence of care technologies on their nursing practice. Objective: This study aimed to determine managers’ and staff nurses’ perceptions regarding the Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing (TCCN) theory in general hospitals in Japan. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, with 421 participants selected using a stratified sampling method. Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing Instrument–Revised (TCCNI-R) was used for online data collection using Survey Monkey©. Data were analyzed using Welch’s t-test and ANOVA. Results: Nurses with years of experience within the range of 20 to less than 30 years showed the highest TCCNI-R scores among the two groups. Nurses who had received education on caring in nursing showed significant differences for Factor 2 (Technological Competency as Caring), that of expressing Technological Competency as Caring. Three other factors showed no significant difference, namely in Factor 1 (Nursing Expression as Caring), Factor 3 (Technology and Caring), and Factor 4 (Technological Knowing). However, the average scores of these factors were high, which reflect high professional ethics and occupational discipline and increased awareness of caring in nursing. It was also found that the nurse managers were more aware of the TCCN than were the staff nurses. The nurse managers were also more aware of providing care using technology, recognizing the need-to-know patient needs through technology and providing care to the ever-changing patient’s condition. Conclusion: The study discovered that continuing education is needed regarding the practice of nursing based on theory, enabling appropriate and accurate understanding of practicing knowing persons as caring in nursing. Funding: JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17K12159

Download Full-text

Factors Affecting Teachers' Practices in Implementation of Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum in Public Schools

Global Social Sciences Review ◽

10.31703/gssr.2020(v-i).62 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol V (I) ◽

pp. 623-632

Author(s):

Raima Mubashar ◽

Aroona Hashmi ◽

Fasiha Altaf

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Public Schools ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Early Childhood Care ◽

Childhood Care ◽

Significant Difference

The study was determined to find the factors that affect the teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum in public schools. The study was quantitative in nature, and a cross-sectional survey design was used. All the ECCE teachers in public schools formed the population of the study. The proportionate stratified random sampling technique was employed, and 278 teachers were selected as a sample of the study. The data were collected using the questionnaire on factors affecting teachers' practices in the implementation of the ECCE curriculum. The findings showed that there is a significant difference on the basis of experience as p (0.000) ? 0.05 and an insignificant difference on the basis of qualification and class size as p (0.000) > 0.05. The study recommended that teacher training institutes of early childhood care and education should induct the curricula that are activity-based, and schools may provide better learning conditions in ECCE centers.

Download Full-text

Impostorism among the undergraduate students of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1062520/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Md Shahjalal ◽

Ahmed Hossain ◽

Most Fatematujjuhora ◽

Arifa Sultana ◽

Shatabdee Hawlader ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Professional Lives ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Professional Performance ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Imposter Phenomenon ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The University

Abstract Background Imposter Phenomenon (IP) is a highly prevalent behavioural health issue affecting individual professional performance and regular activity. The current study focused on evaluating IP prevalence and assessing the factor contributing to IP among undergraduate students of Dhaka city. This was an analytical cross-sectional survey performed among undergraduate students between August to December 2020. The Young Imposter Scale (YIS) was used to determine the dichotomous assessment for the presence or absence of IP. Results Among the recruited 1,139 students, 378 (33%) had imposter syndrome. The prevalence was relatively higher (34%) among males compared to females (32%). Around one third (31.6%) reported that they face problems in sleeping. Our analysis shows that the sleeping problem of the student (p=<0.01) and academic year (p=0.04) had a statistically significant association with IP. Students who completed two academic years were more likely to have IP (AOR:1.18; 95% CI: 1.01-1.41). There was a statistically significant difference in the experience of IP across who had a sleeping problem than those who didn’t (AOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.25-1.90). Conclusion Our study revealed a relatively high prevalence of IP among undergraduate students, affecting their professional lives. Awareness-raising programmes should be arranged at the university level to help students to cope up with IP.

Download Full-text