scholarly journals Is religious fundamentalism our default spirituality?: Implications for teacher education

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand J. Potgieter ◽  
Johannes L. Van der Walt
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
Religious Fundamentalist ◽  
The Moment

Using experiential interpretivism as underpinning methodology, this article investigates whether religious fundamentalism is the default spirituality of human beings. Our research is based on a hermeneutic reconstructive interpretation of religion, fundamentalism, radicalism, extremism, spirituality, life- and worldview, and the role of education in bringing about peaceful coexistence amongst people. We concluded that the natural religious-fundamentalist inclination of the human being tends to be (and needs to be) counterbalanced by the education – that is, socialisation – that he or she receives from the moment of birth, the important first six or seven years of life, and throughout his or her life. Based on this conclusion, the article ends with the articulation of ten implications for teacher education.

scholarly journals Transdisciplinarni pristup u razmatranju odnosa znanost — teologija

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-412
Author(s):  
Krešimir Cerovac
Keyword(s):  
Round Table ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Material World ◽  
Theology And Science ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Modes Of Thought

There are many reasons why a partnership dialogue between theology (religion) and the natural sciences is needed. However, first and foremost this must be a conversation between one human being and another regarding the most important of human interests. The most effective way to approach complex issues and problems in the dialogue between theology and science is the transdisciplinary approach. Transdisciplinarity can solve prob lems which cannot be resolved by separate attempts. This approach can connect different modes of thought, that is, thought beginning with different points of view on the material world or religion. The transdisciplinary approach takes on the role of mediator, which demands at the “round table” that which unites human beings on a universal human level. This is a new, challenging and demanding approach which requires researchers to leave their own field of interest and strive to learn about other fields. The transdisciplinary approach, as “critical rationality” and a new way of thinking, opposed to classical and reductive rationalism, emphasizing objectivity, is based on controlled conflict–induced paradoxes. Transdisciplinarity creates a new quality — which is not an arithmetic sum of individual disciplines — and enables articulation, i.e. a link between two, at first glance, controversial disciplinary modes of thought.

Pragmatic Humanism and the Posthumanist Challenge: Between Biocentrism and the New Human Being

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Ana Honnacker
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
William James ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Human Potentials

Humanism is charged with fostering a harmful anthropocentrism that has led to the exploitation of non-human beings and the environment. Posthumanist and transhumanist ideas prominently aim at rethinking our self-understanding and human-nature relations. Yet these approaches turn out to be flawed when it comes to addressing the challenges of the “age of the humanity”, the Anthropocene. Whereas posthumanism fails in acknowledging the exceptional role of human beings with regard to political agency and responsibility, transhumanism overemphasizes human capabilities of controlling nature and only deepens the human-nature dualism. Therefore, a critical and humble version of humanism is suggested as a viable alternative. Drawing on pragmatist thinkers William James and F.C.S. Schiller, a resource for de-centering the human being is provided that critically reflects our role in the larger ecosystem and underlines human potentials as well as human responsibilities.

ROLE OF WAR IN SOCIAL LIFE. PART I - WAR IN PRE-MODERN HISTORICAL THOUGHT

2012 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Janusz ŚWINIARSKI ◽  
Marian MARCINKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Historical Thought

At the beginning the authors present two opposing trends related to the understanding of the nature and the role of war in society: first, that these phenomena are embedded in the nature of human beings and humanity (which means that without war there is no human being, culture and civilization, its life, society or state, so war is natural and necessary for life); second, war is not embedded in human nature, is a distortion in community life and relations between people; this means that if wars occur, they show the degradation of human beings and society. These trends are observed in the eternal debate on war and the authors show numerous examples in which war is perceived in this way.

scholarly journals PERWUJUDAN NILAI MORALITAS DALAM PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN 2019 YANG DEMOKRATIS DAN BERKEADILAN

Ijlil ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Dimas Bima Setiyawan
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
Election System ◽  
Role Of Religion

Moral is an ethic inherent ain a human being. Formed trough verous diverse events that have been passed, one of wich is  trough  the  role  of  religion.  The  importance  of  the  role  is broken  down  in  the  form  of  behavior  of  each  individual  in response  to  everything  that  is  present  in  his  life.  Religion  was reveald  for  justice,  morality,  mutual  respect,  and  called  for creating  a  peaceful  order  of  live  among  fellow  human  beings. The  importance  of  promoting  morality  based  on  religion  will greatly  affect  the  pattern  of  life  carried  out  by  every  human being.   one   of   them   is   responding   to   the   upcoming   2019 preidential  election.  The  values  contained  in  it  will  certainly influence  the  realization  of  the  five-year  event  to  realize  a democratic and justice election system.

scholarly journals Explaining multistability: postphenomenology and affordances of technologies

AI & Society ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Affordance Theory ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
The Stability

AbstractA central issue in postphenomenology is how to explain the multistability of technologies: how can it be that specific technologies can be used for a wide variety of purposes (the “multi”), while not for all purposes (the “stability”)? For example, a table can be used for the purpose of sleeping, having dinner at, or even for staging a fencing match, but not for baking a cake. One explanation offered in the literature is that the (material) design of a technology puts constraints on the purposes for which technologies can be used. In this paper, I argue that such an explanation—while partly correct—fails to address the role of the environment in which human beings operate in putting constraints on technology use. I suggest that James Gibson’s affordance theory helps highlighting how stabilities in technology use arise in the interaction between human being and environment. Building on more recent approaches in affordance theory, I suggest that the environment can be conceptualized as a “rich landscape of affordances” that solicits certain actions, which are not just cued by the environment’s material structure, but also by the normativity present in the form of life in which a human being participates. I briefly contrast the approach to affordances developed in this paper with how Klenk (2020) and Tollon (2021) have conceptualized the “affordance character” of technological artifacts, and highlight how a focus on the situated nature of affordances augments these earlier conceptualizations.

From Glory to Glory

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-169
Author(s):  
Sean P. Robertson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Imago Dei ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
De Trinitate ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
The Devil ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
The Invisible

This article argues that, in De Trinitate, Augustine’s ascent to God via a search for the Trinity is successful precisely because of the emphasis he places on the role of Christ in such an ascent. Unlike scholarship which reads this ascent as an exercise in Neoplatonism—whether as a success or as an intentional failure—this article asserts that Augustine successfully discovers an imago trinitatis in human beings by identifying the essential mediation of the temporal and eternal in the person of the Incarnate Word. Of the work’s fifteen books, Books 4 and 13 focus extensively on the soteriological and epistemological role of Christ, who, in his humility, conquered the pride of the devil and reopened humanity’s way to eternity. The Christology in these books plays an important role in Augustine’s argument by allowing his ascent to move from self-knowledge to contemplation of God. Indeed, it is his understanding of the Christological perfection of the imago dei which allows Augustine to discover a genuine imago trinitatis in human beings. For Augustine, the imago is observable in humanity to the extent that an individual is conformed to Christ, the perfect image of the invisible God. Thus, it is only through Christ that a human being can successfully contemplate the Trinity in this imago.

scholarly journals UN VIAJE A TRAVÉS DEL WAṢL Y EL FAṢL. MUJER Y SEXUALIDAD EN EL PENSAMIENTO DE IBN ῾ARABĪ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Youssry
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Divine Presence ◽  
Ibn Arabi ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Mode Of Being ◽  
Made In

Resumen: El ser humano está en continua búsqueda de un lugar y una orientación dentro de un mundo que, supuestamente, es su morada. Este ha sido designado por Dios como Su vicerregente (jalīfa), es decir, su representante en la Tierra. Este artículo aborda la concepción de la mujer y la realización del papel de vicerregente por medio de la participación en la relación sexual dentro del marco del matrimonio, como un modo particular de ser, y como actividad física y metafísica necesaria para la existencia humana que posibilita a los seres humanos alcanzar la proximidad con la Presencia Divina. Para ello, se investigará la discusión planteada por Ibn ῾Arabī en su Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam en la que se analiza el dicho profético “Se me han hecho amar tres cosas en este mundo: las mujeres, el perfume y la oración como solaz de los ojos". Abstract: The human being is in a constant struggle to find a place, an orientation for him/herself within a world that is supposedly an abode. He/she was assigned by God to be a vicegerent (khalīfa), a representative of Him on earth. This paper aims to tackle the conception of women and the fulfillment of the role of a vicegerent through human participation in sexual intercourse within the framework of marriage as a particular mode of being, and as recurring physical and metaphysical activity pertinent to human existence which could allow human beings to rise to the proximity of the Divine presence. This will be accomplished through investigating; Ibn ʿArabī’s discussion of those activities in his book Fuṣūṣ al-Ḫikam, where he analyzes the prophetic saying: “Three things were made beloved to me in this world of yours: women, perfume and the solace of my eye was made in prayer”.

scholarly journals Nursing as an Aesthetic Praxis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Marina Tucakovic
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Independent Form ◽  
Conscious Choice ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
Human Tendency ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Relationship Of

<p>This Thesis focuses on the experience of being human as process in order to reveal being. Illness and health are seen as reflections of this process of revelation. This work argues that health and illness are physical expressions of consciousness and therefore an outcome of what a human being has thought. In this way, this work shows how thought/intent serves to create life in the moment. In this understanding lies the potential to change reality, to change life. The Thesis identifies self-responsibility as the key to changing consciousness. Taking responsibility for the creation of one's reality eliminates the human tendency to blame another for what is experienced in life. To that end, this work argues, we are each free to choose what is felt in response to life. In so doing, we can become conscious that life is a choice approached from either the position of perfection, or excellence. This work argues that as human beings we have grounded thinking in perfection. In this playing out of rights and wrongs, an independent form of surrender, the outcome is the reification of the thought that we are separate from God. I think, therefore I Am. Such thinking it is argued, is the basis of disease and thus illness is an outcome of thought that as experience has been judged. The thesis develops the position that human beings approach life from the position of perfection thereby creating an appraisal from the outcome of life's experiences. Excellence as a state of being creates the appraisal from the effort of an outcome. Thus excellence, is to experience life as an Isness, and then make a conscious choice to feel love. Perfection makes a judgement about life, and so pronounce life and therefore thinking as good and bad, or right and wrong. In the understanding that human beings are the creators of their reality, it is possible to conceive of care in nursing that is directed at changing thinking/thought. Such change would be to focus on the excellence of life, and in that way enact care in nursing that is an enabling through a process of being that is an emotional allowance in response to life. To this end, this work is titled Nursing as an Aesthetic Praxis. The aesthetic is emotion and feeling. Praxis, is presented in its dialectical relationship of thought and action that is then bound to emotion and feeling in such a way that it illuminates the nature of thinking. This way of thinking, this work shows, is transformatory. Where transformation is a process of being that as a state of excellence is one of incremental human freedom accompanied by incremental responsibility.</p>

scholarly journals HUMAN BEINGS’ BIRTH, DEATH AND BEYOND

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 404-414
Author(s):  
Y. V. Subba Rao
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Subtle Body ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Born Again ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Connecting The Dots ◽  
Human Birth ◽  
Birth Death

Everything in the physical creation, including the human body, is composed of the five great natural elements called ‘Panchabhutas’. These elements have originated in a particular order of ‘akāsh’ (ether) to the last element ‘prithivi’ (earth) and the birth as a human being, which is exceedingly rare, is thus born on earth with its matching fundamental frequency of the earth. As the existing literature is quite unclear regarding the human birth, death and beyond, it is attempted to show a plausible way connecting the dots of the process of birth, death, rebirth and liberation based on vibrations of frequency of mind, word, and deed. The final moments of death, step by step, where these pancha- bhutas are dissolved, in the reverse order of their formation, following the chakra system (wheels of energy) of Kundalini in a human being, similar to DNA, withdrawing the soul from the base (mulādhāra) upwards.  Subtle bodies (sookshma sarira) and soul have infinite possibilities for their onward journey at the moment of death go to the dimension that corresponds to how one lived one’s life on Earth. The subtle body finds its dimension and level of frequency according to merits of purity of the subtle body derived by one’s life’s activities rise to higher lokas for enjoying the fruits of good actions or attain liberation or to be reborn. An enlightened soul attains liberation from bondage as in the case of Swāmi Vivekānanda, and also has the freedom to be born again or not.

scholarly journals An Islamic Perspective on Peaceful Coexistence

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Kabuye Uthman Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Common Purpose ◽  
Mutual Care

According to Abrahamic religions, namely Judaism, Christianity and Islam, human beings exist on the earth for a common purpose, and they have patrilineally and matrilineally descended from a single couple, namely Adam and Hawa (Eve). The Qur’an unambiguously mentions: “O mankind! reverence your Guardian-Lord, who created you from a single person, created, of like nature, His mate, and from them twain scattered (like seeds) countless men and women; reverence Allah, through whom ye demand your mutual (rights), and (reverence) the wombs (That bore you): for Allah ever watches over you.”  Thus, it is incumbent upon human beings to live together in peace rather than constant hostility to fulfil the purpose of their existence on the earth. This paper endeavours to contribute to the understanding of the concept of ‘peaceful coexistence’ from the Islamic perspective. It specifically answers the following research questions: What is peaceful coexistence? What is necessary for peaceful coexistence? What are the fundamental principles that we must adhere to in order to coexist peacefully? The paper is structured into eight sections, beginning with introduction on the concept of ‘peace’ in Islam. The second section focuses on the main objectives of Islam. The third section is on the meaning of peaceful coexistence. The fourth and fifth sections are on the need for peaceful coexistence, and the necessary requirements and tools for peaceful coexistence respectively. The sixth section is on categorization of peaceful coexistence into: peaceful coexistence in marriage, peaceful coexistence of mankind, peaceful coexistence of the members of the Muslim ummah and peaceful coexistence of mankind and the environment. The seventh section is a summary of the Islamic principles of peaceful coexistence. The final section sums up the main conclusions drawn from this study. The translation of the ayat (verses) of the Qur’an related to this study is extracted from the work of Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’an: Text and Translation unless stated otherwise. At the end of this paper, it is hoped that the readers will: first, appreciate the message of Islam as a universal religion and the need for mutual care, mutual respect, and mutual cooperation; and second, explore the methodology of the Qur’an and the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in managing human diversity. It is also hoped that this study will lead to a better understanding of peaceful coexistence as an integral part of Islam and one of the characteristics of the Muslim ummah. The findings of this study highlight the role of Islam in promoting peace and security. The study reveals that peaceful coexistence is a key factor in the success of human beings and it requires nurturing love, respect, care, and salam (a greeting of peace) in one’s relationship with others.

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