Simple, non-invasive and cost-effective method for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection (a silent, sexually transmitted pathogen that can cause infertility)

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trupti Bajpai ◽  
GS Bhatambare ◽  
G Shrivastava ◽  
KB Patel
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cost Effective Method

Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women living in remote areas in Amazonas, Brazil—a self-collection screening experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-343
Author(s):  
Danielle AP Rocha ◽  
Cássia de Oliveira Moraes ◽  
Adriene F Araújo ◽  
Êmille dos Santos Beltrão ◽  
Lainara Castelo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
First Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Organized Screening Program ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Actual Prevalence

Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection among women. In Brazil, there is no organized screening program for C. trachomatis, and the actual prevalence of infection is unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis infection in women living in riverside communities in the Amazon, using self-collection employing the Evalyn® Brush and polymerase chain reaction. A total of 299 riverine women aged 18–81 years, mean age 35.7 (±12.8) years, predominantly agricultural workers, with low schooling and living with a partner, participated in this study. The prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was found to be 3.7% (95% CI 1.8–6.5), most of them being symptomatic. The mean age of the first sexual intercourse reported by women was 15.2 (±2.3) years, and the majority reported having had none or only one partner in the last 12 months, with very low adherence to consistent condom use (15.4%). Most women (98.3%) reported having approved using the vaginal self-collecting brush, and only 4.7% reported having difficulty in handling the brush. We consider that a vaginal self-collecting device is adequate for diagnosing C. trachomatis infection in women living in remote, hard-to-reach areas.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a challenge for the urologist

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Cai ◽  
Sandra Mazzoli ◽  
Nicola Mondaini ◽  
Gianni Malossini ◽  
Riccardo Bartoletti
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Everyday Clinical Practice ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections

<p>The role of <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> (Ct) in everyday clinical practice is now on the increase because Ct infections are the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infections worldwide. Ct can cause urethritis, cervicitis, pharyngitis, or epididymitis, although asymptomatic infections are quite common. Ct infection remains asymptomatic in approximately 50% of infected men and 70% of infected women, with risk for reproductive tract sequelae both in women and men. A proper early diagnosis and treatment is essential in order to prevent persistent consequences. An accurate comprehension of the pathology, diagnosis and treatment of this entity is essential for the urologist. We review the literature about the new findings in diagnosis and treatment of Ct infection in sexually active young men.</p>

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC POSSIBILITIES OF MODERN BIOCHEMICAL STUDY OF SPUTUM FROM PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kozlov ◽  
O. A. Gusyakova ◽  
A. A. Ereshchenko ◽  
A. V. Khaliulin
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Α2 Macroglobulin ◽  
Biochemical Studies

The review presents the pathobiochemical and molecular mechanisms of sputum formation in patients with cystic fibrosis associated with the pathophysiological features of the disease. Statistical data on the prevalence of this pathology in the world and in the Russian Federation are presented. The mechanisms of sputum formation and disorders of the mucociliary apparatus, leading to the accumulation of viscous bronchopulmonary secret in cystic fibrosis, are considered. The principles of the relationship between the rheological properties of sputum and the formation of inflammation in the lungs with the addition of a concomitant specific microflora in the bronchopulmonary system in patients with cystic fibrosis are presented. Describes the opportunities for biochemical studies of sputum of patients with this pathology: determining the activity of enzymes (myeloperoxidase), the content of proteinase inhibitors (α2-macroglobulin and α1-antitrypsin) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and TNFa), concentrations of iron and ferriferous proteins (lactoferrin and ferritin), which makes biochemical studies of sputum available, non-invasive, quick and cost-effective method of diagnosis, which can be widely used as an auxiliary laboratory method and makes it possible to use these metabolites as diagnostic markers to assess the severity of inflammation and infection of the lower respiratory tract and predict the development of respiratory complications in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Should we still be testing for asymptomatic non-specific urethritis in departments of genitourinary medicine?

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Horner
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Genitourinary Medicine ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Asymptomatic Men

It has recently been advocated that non-invasive testing with first-catch urine specimens using nucleic acid amplification techniques, to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, should replace routine microscopy on asymptomatic men. Although it is assumed that this strategy will be cost effective, the available evidence suggests that this will result in fewer sexually transmitted infections being averted than continuing the current practice of screening for urethritis and testing for both microorganisms in asymptomatic men. This review article summarizes the available evidence and argues that research is urgently needed in order to properly evaluate the cost-effectiveness of detecting urethritis in asymptomatic men.

The Gynecologic Health Consequences of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Military Servicewomen

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 340-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Nadeau ◽  
Dennis Fujii ◽  
Jessica Lentscher ◽  
Amanda Haney ◽  
Richard Burney
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Tubal Infertility ◽  
Military Health ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Military

Abstract Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in the United States. Within the U.S. military, the age- and race-adjusted chlamydia infection rates among female service members are consistently higher than civilian rates, with a 20% annual acquisition rate among young active-duty women. The sequelae of chlamydia disproportionately impact women in terms of severity and cost. Untreated chlamydia progresses to pelvic inflammatory disease in 40% of cases, and is a leading cause of fallopian tube damage and pelvic adhesive disease resulting in ectopic pregnancy, tubal infertility, and acute and chronic pelvic pain. Tubal infertility is among the leading indications for in vitro fertilization (IVF) nationally and rates among couples undergoing IVF at military treatment centers are double the national average. Collectively, chlamydia infection represents a significant resource burden to the military health care system and, in view of the serious gynecologic health sequelae, a significant threat to the readiness of servicewomen. In this review, we discuss the gynecologic impact of chlamydia infection within the military, the critical gaps for research funding, and opportunities for intervention.

EEG Based Detection of Alcoholics

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Padma Shri ◽  
N. Sriraam
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Neuro Imaging

The short term and long term effects of alcohol on various organs of the body, especially on the human brain is well established by numerous studies. Invasive methods such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and non invasive imaging techniques such as Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and functional MRI activated electro-encephalogram (EEG) have been used to study the changes in EEG activity due to alcoholism. Even with the advent of neuro imaging techniques, EEG happens to be an important tool for brain study providing a non- invasive and cost effective method to detect the effects of alcohol on the human brain. This paper discusses the harmful effects of alcohol on different organs of the body. The advances in the development of EEG signal processing algorithms over the past decade for alcoholic detection are reviewed and their limitations are reported. Further the use of EEG for mass screening of alcoholics and biometric application is discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular function in experimental pulmonary hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 204589401984198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongkai Zhu ◽  
Dureti Godana ◽  
Ailing Li ◽  
Bianca Rodriguez ◽  
Chenxin Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Ejection Time ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Rv Function

Echocardiography, a non-invasive and cost-effective method for monitoring cardiac function, is commonly used for evaluation and pre-clinical diagnostics of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Previous echocardiographic studies in experimental models of PH are fragmentary in terms of the evaluation of right ventricle (RV) function. In this study, three rodent models of PH: a mouse model of hypoxia-induced PH, a rat model of hypoxia+Sugen induced PH and a rat model of monocrotaline-induced PH, were employed to measure RV fractional area change (RVFAC), RV free wall thickness (RVFWT), pulmonary acceleration time (PAT), pulmonary ejection time (PET), and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). We found that, in these models, RVFWT significantly increased, but RVFAC, PAT, or PAT/PET ratios and TAPSE values significantly decreased. Accurate and complete TAPSE patterns were demonstrated in the three rodent models of PH. The RV echocardiography data matched the corresponding invasive hemodynamic and heart histologic data in each model. This serves as a reference study for real-time and non-invasive evaluation of RV function in rodent models of PH using echocardiography.

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