NUTRIENT UTILIZATION OF PELLETED AND UNPELLETED FORAGES BY PONIES

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. CYMBALUK ◽  
D. A. CHRISTENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Apparent Increase ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Made In

Two separate digestion studies using mature ponies evaluated nutrient utilization of unpelleted alfalfa, brome, slough and oat hays and pelleted alfalfa, oat and barley hays grown in Saskatchewan. Alfalfa and cereal hays provided between 2.33 and 2.58 Mcal digestible energy (DE)/kg dry matter (DM). Brome and slough hay supplied 2.13 and 1.75 Mcal DE/kg DM, respectively. Alfalfa hay had a higher digestible crude protein content than other forages tested within each trial. Calcium (Ca) availability was lower from oat hay than other unpelleted forages (P < 0.05). Ponies were in negative Ca balance when either oat or barley hay pellets were fed; this occurred through an apparent increase in urinary Ca excretion. Phosphorus (P) balances were negative when slough hay or cereal hays were fed. Oxalate and phytate determinations were made in forages and concentrations of 0.26–1.3% oxalate and 0.06–0.44% phytate were obtained. Voluntary intakes of alfalfa and brome hay by ponies were higher than oat or slough hays (P < 0.05). Pelleted alfalfa hay was eaten in larger amounts than oat or barley hay pellets (P < 0.05). Of the forages tested, alfalfa hay was considered to be the best hay for supplying nutrients for horses. Cereal hays provide a good source of energy and protein for mature equids but would require macromineral supplementation. Key words: Forages, pony, nutrient utilization

The nutrition of the early-weaned calf VIII. The effect on nitrogen retention of diets containing different levels of fish meal

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Preston ◽  
F. G. Whitelaw ◽  
N. A. MacLeod ◽  
Euphemia B. Philip
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Protein Requirement ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Different Levels

SUMMARY1. All-concentrate diets containing four different levels of Peruvian (anchovy) fish meal and varying in crude protein content from 14·8% to 21·7% in dry matter were given ad libitum to 8 early-weaned Friesian calves over a live-weight range of 60–100 kg.2. Nitrogen retention was significantly higher on diets containing 21·7% and 19·4% crude protein in dry matter than on diets with 16·8% and 14·8% crude protein. Nitrogen retention as a percentage of dietary intake appeared to be less on the diet with 21·7% crude protein in dry matter than on the other diets.3. From these data it was calculated that the digestible crude protein requirement for a calf of 82 kg. live-weight gaining at 909 g. daily is between 270 and 340 g.

INFLUENCE DES CULTIVARS, DES DATES ET DES DOSES DE SEMIS SUR LE RENDEMENT ET LA QUALITÉ DE LA LUZERNE L’ANNÉE DU SEMIS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
L. BELZILE ◽  
R. RIOUX
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Made In

The effects of cultivars, seeding rates and dates on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) yield and quality in the seeding year were studied from 1971 to 1975 on a Kamouraska clay. Results showed the importance of seeding alfalfa before the end of May. Seedings made in early and in mid-May resulted in equivalent yield. Differences between cultivars were more important on the second than on the first cut. Regrowth was an important factor in the seedling year. The total yield of the Alfa cultivar is higher than Vernal and Narragansett and it is also higher for every combination of rates and seeding dates. Seeding rates were not an important factor except at the first cut where a rate of 6.7 kg/ha gave a lower yield than a rate of 13.4 kg/ha. Dry matter digestibility of Alfa is sometimes higher than for the other cultivars in the study. Late seeding generally increased the digestibility of the second cut dry matter, whereas rates of seeding have no effect on either first or second cut material. The crude protein content is not affected by seeding rates and the effects of cultivars are generally very small. With a delay in seeding dates the crude protein content of the second cut material is sometimes increased.Key words: Medicago sativa L., cultivar, date, rate

The chemical composition and nutritive value of the pea-canning by-products (green pea pods, pea-pod meal, pea-pod silage and molassed silage from pea haulms with pods)

1944 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Woodman ◽  
R. E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Pea Pod ◽  
Green Pea ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Canning Industry ◽  
By Products ◽  
Made In

The present paper deals with the composition and nutritive value of the following by-products of the pea-canning industry: (1) green pea pods; (2.) pea-pod meal resulting from the artificial drying of pea pods; (3) pea-pod silage as made in a tower silo; (4) molassed silage made in a sisalkraft silo from pea haulms with pods.Pea pods give rise to an excellent silage provided they are tightly trampled and a means for draining off the effluent is supplied. The silage is pale yellowish green in colour and has a pleasant, vinegary smell with little or no suggestion of the presence of butyric acid. It is much relished by sheep and cattle. It is superior in digestibility to ‘green fruity’ oat and vetch silage and contains, per 100 lb., 27·5 lb. of dry matter, including 15·9 lb. of starch equivalent and 2·3 lb. of digestible crude protein. No molasses need be added during filling, since the sugar naturally present in the pods ensures a favourable fermentation.

Studies On Browse Plants in Ghana II. Digestibility, (d) Digestibility Of Grewia Carpinifolia From The Accra Plains, Using Local Cattle As Experimental Animals

1966 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
G. L. Mabey ◽  
R. Rose Innes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Accra Plains

SummaryDigestibility of the palatable indigenous shrub Grewia carpinifolia was investigated. Digestion coefficients (%) were—organic matter 70, dry matter 70, crude protein 78, crude fibre 54, nitrogenfree extract 81, ether extract 13 and ash 52. Calculated nutritive values were—starch equivalent 27.3 and digestible crude protein 5.0, giving a nutritive ratio of about 1 : 5. The material used was moderately young.

scholarly journals Effect of harvesting time on forage yield and quality of maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Mandic ◽  
Zorica Bijelic ◽  
Vesna Krnjaja ◽  
Aleksandar Simic ◽  
Maja Petricevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Quality

Maize is the very important silage source in the world. Timely harvesting ensure high maize forage yield and quality. Therefore, the study focused on the effects of four harvesting times (starting at the 12 August every 7 days) on yield and qualitative parameters of forage green mass of maize hybrid ZP 677. The experiment was set in Vojvodina Province, Serbia, during the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, ear percentage, forage yield, dry matter content and crude protein content were higher, while stem percentage was lower in 2014 with favorable climatic condition. Forage yield, crude protein content, ADF and NDF decreased, while dry matter content significantly increased with delay in harvesting. The maize hybrid should be harvested when the milk line is three-quarter of the way down the grain that is in the third decade of August.

scholarly journals SAMPLING TESTING FOR FORAGE QUALITY

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Odagiu ◽  
I. Oroian ◽  
Tania Mihăiescu
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Content Determination ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Adequate Sampling

The identification of the suitable sample size and adequate sampling place when alfalfa hay was chemically analyzed in order to determine its nutritional value was the aim of our test. Two loads of alfalfa hay were used for collecting samples, two sizes each (15 and 10 subsamples, variant I and II, respectively). The crude protein content was determined using AOAC protocol. By assessing the statistic parameters of the crude protein content of the forage, function of the sampling place and sample size, we observed the influence of the sampling technique on the accuracy of the determinations. The highest coefficient of variability was recorded when samples were collected from the base of the load in each case. Only the crude protein content differences between the samples collected from the other parts of the load and base of the load (variant I, in both loads) were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Within the same load, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were recorded. Even notable differences were not obtained in crude protein content determination function of sampling place or sampling size, the need and care in sampling should be considered.

scholarly journals Development of yield and nutritive value of timothy in primary growth and regrowth in northern growing conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 252 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. NISSINEN ◽  
P. KALLIAINEN ◽  
L. JAUHIAINEN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Percentage Unit ◽  
Primary Growth ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

The development of the yield and nutritive value of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) both in the primary growth and in the regrowth were studied at MTT Plant Production Research, a unit of MTT Agrifood Research Finland, in Rovaniemi (66°35´N) in 1999–2001. The dry matter yield and leaf:stem ratio were measured from the crop samples, and the contents of crude protein and organic matter digestibility of both whole plant samples and leaf and stem fractions were analysed. In primary growth, the most rapid increase of dry matter, 220–240 kg ha-1 per day, was measured around the beginning of the heading stage. There was a very strong positive correlation between the proportion of stems and the amount of dry matter in the primary yield. The daily growth rate of the regrowth was less than half of that of the primary growth. The fastest decrease, 1 percentage unit per day, in crude protein content was measured at the pasture stage (4–5-leaf stage). During the entire sampling period, the average daily decline in crude protein content in the primary growth of timothy was 0.65 percentage units. The main cause for the rapid decline in crude protein content was the high proportion of stem matter and its low protein content. In the regrowth, during the last four weeks before the harvest, the average daily decline in crude protein content was 0.28 percentage units.The average decline in organic matter digestibility from early pasture stage to late silage stage was 0.9 percentage units per day. The most remarkable change was noticed at the growth stage of timothy when about the half of stems were heading and it was then that the digestibility decreased by more than one percentage unit per day. The rapid decline in organic matter digestibility was due to the low digestibility of stem matter. The daily change in forage digestibility in the regrowth was very small, on average 0.11%.;

scholarly journals THE YIELD STABILITY AND QUALITY OF LEGUMES DURING TWO CONSECUTIVE, EXTREMELY DRY YEARS

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Miriam Kizeková ◽  
Ján Tomaškin ◽  
Jozef Čunderlík ◽  
Ľubica Jančová ◽  
Janka Martincová
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Herbage Quality

Abstract This study highlights the effect of drought and ambient temperature on performance and herbage quality of legume monocultures and grass-legume mixtures. In a field experiment, the total dry matter yield, seasonal pattern of dry matter yield distribution, content of crude protein and crude fibre of monocultures of red clover and alfalfa and grass-legume mixtures were investigated during two consecutive dry years (2011-2012). Alfalfa cultivars Kamila and Tereza grown as monocultures or as mixtures with Festulolium braunii (cultivar Achilles) outperformed the red clover cultivars Fresko and Veles and provided a well-balanced total and seasonal dry matter yield during both years. Across all experimental years, crude protein content was significantly higher at alfalfa monocultures and mixture when compared with clover monocultures (P < 0.05). However, considerable lower content of crude fibre at clover monocultures in comparison with alfalfa ones was found. Responses of nutritive parameters of both legume species to weather variables were different. Crude protein content in red clover was independent of rainfall and temperature. In contrast, the crude fibre content correlated with temperature whereby the alfalfa monocultures showed stronger correlations (P < 0.05) than red clover monocultures.

scholarly journals Replacing grass silage with pea-barley intercrop silage in the feeding of the dairy cow

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. PURSIAINEN ◽  
M. TUORI
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Barley Silage

The effect of replacing wilted grass silage (GS) with pea-barley intercrop silage (PBS) on feed intake, diet digestibility and milk production was studied with 8 multiparous Ayrshire-cows in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square experiment. Proportion of PBS was 0 (PBS0), 33 (PBS33), 67 (PBS67) or 100 (PBS100) % of silage dry matter (DM). The DM content was 559 and 255 g kg-1 for GS and PBS. Crude protein content was 131 and 170 g kg-1 DM, respectively. Pea-barley silage was more extensively fermented than GS with total fermentation acid content of 120 vs. 12 g kg-1 DM. Silage was fed for ad libitum intake and supplemented with on the average 13 kg concentrate per day. Silage DM intake was 9.2 (PBS0), 9.7 (PBS33), 9.0 (PBS67) and 7.1 (PBS100) kg per day (Pquadr. < 0.05). The energy corrected milk yield [30.3 (PBS0), 29.8 (PBS33), 30.3 (PBS67), 31.3 (PBS100) kg per day] was not significantly affected by the treatment. Milk protein concentration decreased linearly (P < 0.05) in response to feeding PBS. It is concluded that PBS can replace up to two thirds of wilted, moderate quality GS in the feeding of dairy cows because in this experiment pure pea-barley silage reduced silage intake.

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