FEED TEXTURE EFFECTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ROASTER CHICKENS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Two experiments were conducted, each experiment involved 1600 day-old Arbor Acre male broiler chickens which were assigned to 20 pens divided into four blocks of five pens each with five feed texture treatments assigned to the pens within each block. The five treatments were (1) All mash — corn and wheat finely ground, (2) All mash — corn and wheat coarsely ground, (3) All mash — corn and wheat very coarsely rolled, (4) same as no. 1 but crumbled or pelleted and (5) same as no. 2 but crumbled or pelleted. Although feed texture had no overall significant (P > 0.05) effect on mortality, mortality was higher among birds fed the crumble-pellet diets compared with those fed the all-mash diets, this higher mortality was due to a higher incidence of Sudden Death Syndrome. Finely and very coarsely ground diets fed as mash resulted in significantly poorer feed conversion at both 21 d (P < 0.001) and 49 d of age (P < 0.01); however, there was no significant (P < 0.05) effect of feed texture on feed conversion at 63 d of age. Body weights were significantly (P < 0.01 to P < 0.001) affected by feed texture at 21, 49 and 63 d of age with the feeding of finely ground mash resulting in the lowest body weights with the heaviest final body weights exhibited by birds fed diets which were either fine or coarse ground mashes which had gone through the crumble and/or pellet process. Feed texture dietary treatments had no effect on the incidence of leg abnormalities. Monetary returns per bird started were significantly (P < 0.05) depressed by the feeding of finely ground mash to chickens while other feed texture treatments were not significantly (P > 0.05) different. Key words: Chicken (roaster), feed texture, ingredient particle size

THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY MICRONUTRIENT, FAT AND PROTEIN COMPONENTS IN PELLETED FEEDS ON THE INCIDENCE OF SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME AND OTHER TRAITS AMONG MALE BROILER CHICKENS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN ◽  
K. B. McRAE
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Protein Components

Three experiments involving 11 600 male broiler chickens sought to determine if the pelleting process affects the dietary micronutrient, fat and protein components to increase the incidence of sudden death syndrome. Processed dietary micronutrient and fat components were not significantly associated with an increase in sudden death syndrome among broiler chickens. In one of the experiments, the incidence of sudden death syndrome was reduced (P < 0.01) when the dietary protein supplements (soybean meal, canola meal and fishmeal) bypassed the pelleting process. Key words: Sudden death syndrome, broiler chickens, feed pelleting, fat, micronutrients, protein supplements

THE EFFECT OF TOE CLIPPING AND REDUCED FEEDING TIME ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 971-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Body Weights

An experiment involving 2000 broiler chickens grown to 49 days was designed to measure the performance of birds subjected to detoeing and restricting feeding time to 16 h per day commencing at 21, 28, 35 and 42 days. No beneficial effects resulted from detoeing. Body weights were reduced for males at 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days; however, these differences were significant (P < 0.05) only at 21, 28 and 35 days. Female body weights were reduced (P < 0.01) only at 21 days. Detoeing had no significant effect (P = 0.05) on carcass grades, mortality, or monetary returns. Although feed conversion up to 21 days tended to be enhanced, this advantage did not persist to 49 days. Reducing feeding time to 16 h/day had no significant (P = 0.05) effect on mortality, body weights, feed conversion, percent Grade A carcasses or monetary returns. Key words: Broiler chickens, toe clipping, feed restriction, feed denial

Effects of ingredient particle size and feed form on the performance of Leghorn hens

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. G. Hamilton ◽  
F. G. Proudfoot
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Roller Mill ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Feed Form ◽  
Genotype A

In each of two experiments, 1536 Leghorn pullets from two commercial genotypes (A and B) were given diets that were in the form of either mash, crumbles or pellets. The cereal grains used in these diets were either finely or coarsely ground using a hammer or roller mill. The particle size and form of the diets used were: FM, FMC, FMP, CM, CMC, and CMP. These diets were fed and data were collected when the birds were between 140 and 490 d of age.Pullets in exp. 2 were heavier at 140 d (P < 0.001) and lighter in weight at 490 d (P < 0.001), reached 50% EP 4.8 d earlier (P < 0.001), had 1.3% higher rate of EP (P < 0.05), and laid more large and small (P < 0.001) and fewer medium-sized (P < 0.01) eggs than those in exp. 1. Hens from genotype A had lower 140 and 490 d body weights (P < 0.001), 187 and 490 d egg weights and specific gravity (P < 0.001), better feed conversion (P < 0.001) and higher (P < 0.001) monetary returns than birds from genotype B. Birds receiving the FM and CM diets had higher EP (P < 0.05), feed intake (P < 0.001), monetary returns (P < 0.001), and numbers of medium-sized and small eggs (P < 0.05) than those fed the FMP and CMP diets. Specific gravity was higher (P < 0.001) for eggs laid at 187–188 d by the FMP and CMP-fed hens than for those given the FM or CM diets. In general, performance was better for the hens given the mash diets than for those fed the crumbled or pelleted diets. Key words: Particle size, feed form, hens

EFFECTS OF DIETARY ASPIRIN (ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID) ON THE INCIDENCE OF SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME AND THE GENERAL PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Overall Mortality

A total of 2400 broiler chickens were used in four experiments to estimate the effects of using 0.04, 0.08 and 0.16% aspirin (ASA) as dietary supplements. Not only did the ASA dietary supplementation have no significant (P < 0.05) beneficial effect on the incidence of sudden death syndrome but it also had a deleterious effect on overall mortality which was significant (P < 0.01) in two of the four experiments. Furthermore, the addition of ASA at 0.16% to the diet resulted in reduced body weights which were significant at P < 0.05 in two experiments and at P < 0.10 in the other two experiments. Key words: Aspirin, sudden death syndrome, broiler chickens, growth rate

EFFECT OF DIETARY TAURINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME IN BROILER CHICKENS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. CAMPBELL ◽  
H. L. CLASSEN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Gain Ratio

Dietary taurine supplementation (0, 0.05, 0.10, or 0.20%) was examined as a means of reducing sudden death syndrome (SDS) in male broiler chickens (624 per treatment) raised to market weight. Total mortality and sudden death syndrome were lower for broilers fed taurine-supplemented diets. The feed-to-gain ratio from 3 to 6 wk decreased linearly with increasing dietary taurine while taurine addition had no effect on 3-wk or 6-wk body weight, or feed-to-gain ratio from 0 to 3 wk. Key words: Sudden death syndrome, taurine, broiler chickens

scholarly journals Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri and Streptomyces coelicolor on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
Sarayu Bhogoju ◽  
Collins N. Khwatenge ◽  
Thyneice Taylor-Bowden ◽  
Gabriel Akerele ◽  
Boniface M. Kimathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
Dietary Treatments

There are well documented complications associated with the continuous use of antibiotics in the poultry industry. Over the past few decades, probiotics have emerged as viable alternatives to antibiotics; however, most of these candidate probiotic microorganisms have not been fully evaluated for their effectiveness as potential probiotics for poultry. Recent evaluation of a metagenome of broiler chickens in our laboratory revealed a prevalence of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) and Actinobacteria class of bacteria in their gastrointestinal tract. In this study Lactobacillus reuteri and Streptomyces coelicolor (S. coelicolor) were selected as probiotic bacteria, encapsulated, and added into broiler feed at a concentration of 100 mg/kg of feed. In an 8-week study, 240 one day-old chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments. Three dietary treatments contained two probiotic bacteria in three different proportions (L. reuteri and S. coelicolor individually at 100 ppm, and mixture of L. reuteri and S. coelicolor at 50 ppm each). The fourth treatment had no probiotic bacteria and it functioned as the control diet. L. reuteri and S. coelicolor were added to the feed by using wheat middlings as a carrier at a concentration of 100 ppm (100 mg/kg). Chickens fed diets containing L. reuteri and S. coelicolor mixture showed 2% improvement in body weight gain, 7% decrease in feed consumption, and 6–7% decrease in feed conversion ratios. This research suggests that L. reuteri and S. coelicolor have the potential to constitute probiotics in chickens combined or separately, depending on the desired selection of performance index.

Diet, total plasma homocysteine concentrations and mortality rates in broiler chickens

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Samuels
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Elevated Plasma

The aim of this study was to determine if total plasma homocysteine (HCY) concentrations and mortality rates due to ascites syndrome and (AS) sudden death syndrome (SDS) in broiler chickens could be lowered by diet. Elevated plasma HCY is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in humans. A total of 828 day-old male broiler chickens (Arbor Acre) were fed, for 6 wk, either a basal practical diet or one supplemented with excess vitamins B6 and B12, folic acid and betaine to stimulate the degradation of HCY. The supplemented diet decreased plasma HCY by 17% (P < 0.05; n = 16 per diet). Total mortality due to AS and SDS was 18% lower in the supplemented diet but this difference was not statistically significant. Key words: Homocysteine, folate, chickens, cardiovascular disease, ascites, sudden death syndrome

Role of cardiac hypoxia in the pathogenesis of sudden death syndrome in broiler chickens – A metabolic and molecular study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Safaei ◽  
Gholamhossein Khadjeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Tabandeh ◽  
Keramat Asasi
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase ◽  
Cardiac Insufficiency ◽  
Monocarboxylate Transporter ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Glucose Transporter 1

AbstractSudden death syndrome (SDS) is an economically important disorder in broiler chickens with unknown aetiology. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the metabolic and molecular alterations related to hypoxia in the myocardium of broiler chickens with SDS. Samples from the cardiac muscle of internal control broiler chickens (ICs) (n = 36) and chickens having died of SDS (n = 36) were obtained during the rearing period. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and the concentration of lactate were measured in the cardiac tissue using available commercial kits. The expression of hypoxia-inducing factor 1α (HIF1α), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDHK4) and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) genes was determined in the myocardium by real-time PCR analysis. The results showed the elevation of lactate level and activities of LDH and CPK in the cardiac muscle of SDS-affected chickens compared with the IC birds (P < 0.05). The cardiac muscle expression of HIF1α, MCT4 and GLUT1 genes was increased, while the PDHK4 mRNA level was decreased in the SDS-affected group compared to those in the IC chickens (P < 0.05). Our results showed that metabolic remodelling associated with hypoxia in the cardiac tissues may have an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac insufficiency and SDS in broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Combination of Bacillus licheniformis and Salinomycin: Effect on the Growth Performance and GIT Microbial Populations of Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Trela ◽  
Bartosz Kierończyk ◽  
Veerle Hautekiet ◽  
Damian Józefiak
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Bacillus licheniformis and salinomycin supplementation in broiler diets as individual factors or in combination on the growth performance, GIT morphometry, and microbiota populations. Four hundred one-day-old Ross 308 chicks were randomly distributed to four dietary treatments (10 replicates, 10 birds each). The following treatments were applied: NC—no additives; NC + SAL—salinomycin addition (60 mg/kg diet), NC + PRO—B. licheniformis DSM 28710 preparation (1.6 × 109 CFU/kg; 500 mg/kg diet), and NC + SAL + PRO—combination of salinomycin and B. licheniformis. Probiotic administration resulted in improvement (p < 0.05) of the performance parameters, including body weight gain (1–10 d, and 11–22 d) and feed conversion ratio (11–22 d, 1–36 d). An interaction (p < 0.05) between experimental factors was observed in terms of lower pH values in the crop (tendency, p = 0.053) and ceca. Both factors lowered the alpha diversity and Enterobacteriaceae and promoted Bacillaceae communities in the jejunum (p < 0.05). Interactions were also observed in terms of reducing Clostridiaceae in the ceca. In conclusion, the combined use of B. licheniformis and salinomycin in broilers’ diets had beneficial effects.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of L-carnitine and Excess Lysine-Methionine on Broiler Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Constituents, Immunity and Triiodothyronine Hormone

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Tufarelli ◽  
Hooman Mehrzad-Gilmalek ◽  
Mehrdad Bouyeh ◽  
Ali Qotbi ◽  
Hossein Amouei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Blood Uric Acid ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Levels

The influence of dietary L-carnitine and lysine (Lys)-methionine (Met) levels on productive performance, haematology and triiodothyronine hormone levels of broilers was investigated. Dietary treatments included different L-carnitine (0, 50 and 100 mg/kg) and Lys-Met (0%, 10% and 20% over National Research Council (NRC) (1994) recommendation levels), under a 3 × 3 factorial design arrangement. From the findings, the body weight (BW) gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers were significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by dietary treatments in the different growing stages. Conversely, carcass yield and organs did not differ (p > 0.05) among treatments, whereas meat-cuts varied significantly when broilers were fed experimental diets. Moreover, the dietary inclusion of the highest levels of amino-acids (L-carnitine (100 mg/kg) and Lys-Met (+20%)) produced a reduction (p < 0.05) of blood uric acid, also leading to the highest triiodothyronine (T3) hormone levels. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the combination of extra levels of L-carnitine associated with Lys-Met positively influenced the performance traits in broiler chickens.

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