scholarly journals Undegraded intake protein: Effects on milk production and amino acid utilization by cows fed wheat silage

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Baker ◽  
H. E. Amos ◽  
A. Nelson ◽  
C. C. Williams ◽  
M. A. Froetschel
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Amino Acid Utilization ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Supplemental Protein

Thirty-six Holstein cows in second or later lactation were used in a 63-d completely randomized block design to determine the effects of RUP source on milk production, composition, and estimated AA uptake by the mammary gland. Cows were divided into 12 blocks of three cows each based on DIM (54.5 d) and milk production. Treatments were 1) soybean meal; 2) treated SBM; and 3) supplemental protein from TSBM, corn gluten meal, and Menhaden fish meal with each protein supplying equal amounts of CP. Mean DMI was greater for cows fed supplemental RUP. Intake of RUP was increased by 0.5 and 0.4 kg d−1, respectively, for treatments 2 and 3. The NEL intake was greater for cows fed treatment 3 than for those fed treatment 2. RUP supplementation increased BW accretion and milk production. Milk composition was unaffected except for lactose, which was higher for milk from treatment 3 than for milk from treatment 2. Extraction efficiencies of AA indicated that the supply of Met and Lys to the mammary gland was first and second limiting for cows receiving treatments 1 and 2 but colimiting for cows fed treatment 3. Results indicate performance differences related to RUP sources and specifically the amounts of Lys and Met available for metabolism. Key words: Undegraded protein sources, amino acids, milk yield, dairy cows

scholarly journals Kajian Fisiologis Penggunaan Bovine Somatotropin (bST) Pada Sapi Pra Afkir

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Dzarnisa Dzarnisa ◽  
Cut Aida Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Increase Milk Production ◽  
Production Body

Studies of physiological bovine somatotropin (bST) on post lactating dairy ABSTRACT. To increase of milk production nationally with used in dairy cattle business can assist to increase milk production, eighteen post lactating dairy cows in the highland Cipelang Bogor, were used to study the effect used of bovine somatotropin and lactating time. The experimental cows were assigned into a Randomized Block Design with a 3x2 factorial arrangement. The first factor was using of somatotropin (bST)with three levels (non bST injection, biweekly injection and three weekly injection). The second factor was lactating time with two levels (4th lactating time and 6 th lactating time) Parameters measured were heart rate, respiration frequency, rectal temperature, milk production efficiency, milk production, 4% FCM (fat corrected milk.), Milk composition, weigh gain, milk quality consist of protein, fat, pH. Bovine somatotropin significantly increased heart rate and respiration rate. Also bovine somatotropin injection at 4th lactating time significantly increased milk production. There were an interaction between bST dan lactating time on milk production and weight gain. Bovine somatotropin injection biweekly in cows on 4th lactating time ration increased milk production by 16-26 %, but injection in cows 6th lactating time increased milk production by 8-18 % combination with somatotropin doze 250/ml/14 days. Somatothropine supplementation was injection biweekly and three weekly did significantly affect to milk production, body temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate however in normal physiology . Bovine somatotropine can increase post lactating dairy production interval 14 days better than 21 days.

scholarly journals PSXIV-27 Use of narasin in diets for lactating ewes

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 448-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhaissa Garcia de Assis ◽  
Janaina S Biava ◽  
Nathalia R Eckermann ◽  
Thamires U Sturion ◽  
Terezinha T de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract The objective of this study was to define the ideal level of narasin to be used in diets for lactating ewes. Forty Dorper vs. Santa Inês ewes (53.6 ± 9.6 kg BW and 14 d in milk) were penned individually and used in a complete randomized block design. Ewes were fed a basal diet (16.77 ± 0.35% CP) containing 50% concentrate and 50% coastcross hay. The treatments were: 0N - control diet; 13N - 13 mg of narasin/kg of DM; 20N - 20 mg of narasin/kg of DM; 27N - 27 mg of narasin/kg of DM. Ewes were fed the diets from the wk 2 to 10 of lactation. Milk production was determined every 7 d during the experiment. Ewes were separated from lambs and mechanically milked for emptying of the mammary gland. After 3 hours, using the same procedure, milk production was recorded and samples collected for milk composition analysis. For DMI, there was a quadratic effect of treatments (0N=2.417; 13N=2.491; 20N=2.334; 27N=2.078 kg/d; P = 0.02). The milk production (g/3h) presented a quadratic response to levels of narasin (0N=186.37; 13N=194.91; 20N=194.01; 27N=164.49 g/3h; P = 0.03). In the milk composition, there was a linear reduction in the content of protein (0N=5.31; 13N=5.13; 20N=4.94; 27N=5.00%; P = 0.01) and ESD (0N=11.22; 13N=11.15; 20N=10.84; 27N=10.98 %; P = 0.03). However, the contents of fat, lactose and total solids were not affected by the treatments. As a consequence, the productions (g/3 hours) of fat, lactose and total solids were not affected by the diets. A quadratic response was observed for the productions (g/3 h) of protein (0N=9.86; 13N=9.76; 20N=9.52; 27N=8.29; P = 0.04) and ESD (0N=20.73; 13N=21.45; 20N=21.18; 27N=18.28; P = 0.03). In conclusion, 13 mg/kg of DM is the best concentration of narasin to be used in diets for ewes, values higher than this can compromise milk production and composition.

413 EFFECT OF FLUSHING WITH DIFFERENT DEGRADABILITY PROTEIN SOURCE ON THE PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF N-UREA AND PROGESTERONE IN Santa Inês SHEEP

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
G. Lazarin ◽  
N. Alves ◽  
J. Perez ◽  
An. Neto ◽  
D. Vale
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Santa Inês

Protein excess in diet and or rumen degradable protein (RDP) has been associated with elevated concentrations of N-urea in blood and reduction of the concentration of progesterone (P4) in plasma. The objective of this study was to evaluate the overnutrition (flushing) effects of diets containing different rates of RDP on the plasma concentrations of N-urea and P4 in Santa InÊs ewes. Twelve ewes were assigned in a randomized block design formed by 4 body weight bands. Two isocaloric (3.10 and 2.89 Mcal/day) and isonitrogenous (13.15 and 13.46% crude protein; CP) diets with different proportions of RDP (8.43 and 6.60%) containing soybean meal and corn gluten meal, respectively, and 1 maintenance diet (1.91 Mcal/day; 11.30% CP and 6.31% of RDP) were provided for 28 days before ovulation and during the next estrous cycle. Hence, 3 treatments were compared and 4 replicates were done. On Day 17 after starting the diet treatments, intravaginal sponges containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP-60®, Tecnopec, São Paulo, Brazil) were inserted for 11 days. Nine days after sponge insertion, 240 IU of eCG (Novormon®, Syntex S.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina) and 50 μg of cloprostenol (Prolise®, ARSA S.R.L., Buenos Aires, Argentina) were administered i.m. Blood samples for determination of N-urea were collected on Days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after starting the diets and on Days 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 after ovulation. Blood samples collected during the postovulatory interval were also analyzed for P4. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and treatment means were compared by orthogonal contrasts, where theF-testwas significant. Contrast 1 =T1 andT2 v. T3, and contrast 2 = T1 v. T2. The N-urea and P4 concentrations in plasma were analyzed according to split plot in time scheme. The sheep dry matter (DM) and CP consumption that were recorded in the flushing diet was higher (P < 0.01) than in ewes receiving the maintenance diet. The DM and CP consumption of ewes did not differ between treatments T1 and T2. The plasma N-urea concentration was not different (P > 0.05) between the ewes that consumed the flushing diet and ewes that received the maintenance diet, but it was higher (P < 0.01) in ewes that were fed the flushing diet containing soybean meal (25.09 mg dL-1) as compared with that of ewes fed the flushing diet containing corn gluten meal (20.81 mgdL-1). The P4 concentration in plasma did not differ (P > 0.05) among animals that received the flushing diet and those that received the maintenance diet, but there was a significant difference (P = 0.05) between flushing diets containing soybean meal (7.28 ngmL-1) compared with those containing corn gluten meal (4.46 ngmL-1). In summary, the nutritional level (flushing v. maintenance) did not alter the concentrations of N-urea and P4 in plasma of ewes, but the supply of a greater protein degradability source did increase their concentrations. Funded by FAPEMIG, CNPq, and TECNOPEC.

scholarly journals Produksi Susu dan Komposisi Susu Sapi Friesian Holstein yang Mendapat Suplemen Tepung Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Wahyu Harjanti ◽  
Arif Mustaqim ◽  
Rudy Hartanto
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
T Test ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Paired T Test

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji produksi susu dan komposisi susu sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) yang mendapat suplemen tepung temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorriza Roxb). Materi penelitian menggunakan sapi FH berjumlah 12 ekor. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 2 perlakuan dan 6 kelompok. Perlakuannya adalah T0 = pakan basal (kontrol), T1 = pakan basal + suplemen temulawak (1% kebutuhan BK). Parameter yang diamati yaitu konsumsi bahan kering, produksi susu dan komposisi susu. Data yang diperoleh di analisis menggunakan sidik ragam, untuk data komposisi susu dilakukan uji lanjut dengan Paired T test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian suplemen temulawak tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi BK, produksi susu dan komposisi susu (laktosa, lemak dan protein). Konsumsi BK T0 sebesar 18,06 kgBK, T1 sebesar 18,15 kgBK, rataan produksi susu T0 sebesar 6,49 liter/hari, T1 sebesar 6,30 liter/hari dan komposisi susu T0 dan T1 secara berturut pada laktosa sebesar 4,58 dan 4,56, kandungan lemak secara berurutan 3,65 dan 3,78 serta kandungan protein secara berurutan sebesar 3,16 dan 3,16. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian suplemen temulawak 1% kebutuhan BK belum mampu meningkatkan konsumsi bahan kering, produksi dan komposisi susu sapi perah laktasi. (Milk production and milk composition of friesian holstein cows fed with temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb) supplement) ABSTRACT. This study aims to examine the milk production and milk composition of friesian holstein cows that fed with temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb) supplement. The material of research using 12 FH cows. The study used a randomized block design with 2 treatments and 6 groups. The treatments were T0 = basal feed (control), T1 = basal feed + Curcuma supplement (1% dry matter (DM)). The parameters observed were DM consumption, milk production and milk composition. Data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, for milk composition data were analyzed using Paired T test. The results showed that the administration of temulawak supplement was not proven significantly towards the dry matter intake, milk production and milk composition (lactose, fat and protein). Dry matter intake T0 group was 18,06 kg, dry matter intake T1 group was 18,15 kg, the average milk production T0 group was 6,49 liters / day, milk production T1 group was 6,30 liters / day. Lactose concentration of group T0 and T1 was 4, 58% and 4,56%, fat concentration of group T0 and T1 was 3,65% and 3,78% and protein concentration of group T0 and T1 was 3,16% and 3,16%. In conclusion, supplements of curcumma 1% DM were not alter dry matter intake, milk production and milk composition.

scholarly journals True and apparent digestibility of protein and amino acids of feed in Nile tilapia

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Eduardo Arruda Teixeira Lanna ◽  
Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
Juarez Lopes Donzele ◽  
Moisés Quadros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
True Digestibility

It was determined in this work the coefficients of apparent and true digestibility of protein and amino acids of five feeds (corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, fish meal) in Nile tilapia. It was used 252 reverted Thai strain Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in growth phase, with weight of 310 ± 9.68 g, distributed in experimental randomized blocks design, with five treatments, six replicates per treatment and seven fish per experimental unit. Each experimental diet contained a single source of protein, composed by the studied ingredients. An additional group of fish was fed protein-free diet for quantification of the endogenous fraction and determination of true digestibility coefficients. Digestibility was estimated by the indirect method by using chromium oxide at the concentration of 0.50% of the diet as a marker, performing fecal collection at every four hour interval by using decantation technique. Coefficients of apparent digestibility of the protein and amino acids are: corn, 83.57 and 82.45%; wheat bran 82.87 and 81.47%; soybean meal 91.12 and 89.41%; corn gluten meal 90.07 and 87.78%; fish meal 83.53 and 81.65% respectively. Coefficients of true digestibility of protein and the mean of the amino acids are: corn, 90.02 and 89.60%; wheat bran 89.62 and 89.14%; soybean meal 93.58 and 91.88%; corn gluten meal 92.50 and 90.34%; fish meal 86.01 and 84.27%, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of season, genotype and lactation on milk yield and composition of local and crossbred dairy cows reared under different feed base region

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
MA Baset ◽  
KS Huque ◽  
NR Sarker ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MN Islam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Base Region ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

A total of 160 cows, 10 cows in each of native (local cow) and crossbred (local × Holstein Friesian) origins differing in lactation were used in 2×2×2×2 factorial experiment using Randomized Block Design (RBD) to evaluate milk yield and composition of cows considering regions (good & poor feed base region), seasons (dry: Nov.–Feb. 2009 & wet: Jun.–Oct. 2009), genotypes and lactation. A “good and/or poor feed base” region was classified based on the availability of quantity and quality roughages throughout the year. The study revealed that the daily milk yield and 4% FCM of cows under good feed base condition were 6.76 and 6.49 kg, respectively and under poor feed base condition were 3.67 and 3.31 kg, respectively. Feed base region did not affect on milk fat and it was observed that the milk protein, lactose, solids-not-fat (SNF), minerals and total solids under good feed base condition were 37.9, 54.9, 100.9, 6.3 and 140.6 g/kg, respectively, whereas, under poor feed base condition the values were 36.3, 52.9, 98.0, 6.1 and 135.2 g/kg, respectively. Season did not affect milk yield and composition except minerals (6.5 g/kg vs. 5.9 g/kg). Genotypes significantly (p?0.01) influenced daily milk yield, the milk protein and minerals. Lactation did not affect milk yield and the milk protein, but influenced the fat, lactose, SNF, minerals and total solids. The interaction of feed base regions and seasons significantly (p?0.01) influenced milk yield and the milk fat and SNF. The milk protein and lactose was influenced by the interaction of feed bases region, seasons and lactation. Milk yield negatively correlated with fat per cent. The percentage of fat significantly (p?0.01) correlated with protein, lactose, SNF, and minerals %. The percentage protein correlated with lactose, SNF and minerals. Lactose % significantly (p?0.01) correlated with SNF%. It may be concluded that milk yield and composition depends on feed base region, genotype and lactation of cows. Season did not influence milk yield and the composition. Milk yield negatively correlated with the percentage of fat, protein, lactose, SNF and milk composition strongly correlated with each other.Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 50-65, Jan-Dec 2012

Dietary amino acids affect intestinal Clostridium perfringens populations in broiler chickens

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl C Wilkie ◽  
Andrew G Van Kessel ◽  
Lisa J White ◽  
Bernard Laarveld ◽  
Murray D Drew
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Potato Protein ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Meat Bone Meal

An experiment was performed to examine the effect of protein source and dietary amino acid profile on intestinal levels of C. perfringens in broiler chickens. Broiler chickens (age = 14 d; n = 192) were fed diets containing 400 g kg-1 crude protein with fish meal, meat/bone meal, feather meal, corn gluten meal, soy protein concentrate, pea protein concentrate, or potato protein concentrate as the primary protein source along with a control diet containing 230 g kg-1 crude protein. The birds were orally inoculated daily, with 1 mL (~1.0 × 108 CFU mL-1) of an overnight culture of C. perfringens between 14 and 21 d of age, killed at 28 d of age and C. perfringens numbers in ileum and cecum were enumerated. Birds fed fish meal, meat/bone meal, feather meal and potato protein concentrate had significantly higher intestinal C. perfringens counts than the birds fed corn gluten meal, soy or pea protein concentrates or the control diet (P < 0.05). The glycine content of the diets and ileal contents was significantly, positively correlated with C. perfringens numbers in ileum and cecum. Dietary glycine may be an important factor in the intestinal overgrowth of C. perfringens in broiler chickens. Key words: Clostridium perfringens, broiler chicken, amino acid, glycine, necrotic enteritis

Economics of feeding protected protein and protected fat on crossbred cattle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Mane ◽  
S. D. Mandakmale ◽  
C. A. Nimbalkar ◽  
D. H. Kankhare ◽  
A. T. Lokhande
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

A study was undertaken to evaluate the economics of feeding protected protein and protected fat in crossbred cows. The feeding trial of 4 months duration was conducted on 24 crossbred cattle which were subjected to treatment T0 (Control), T1 (Protected- protein), T2 ( Protected fat) and T3 (Protected protein and fat). Crossbred cows in second to fourth lactation with most probable production ability (MPPA) of average 2300 liter milk production per lactation for each group were selected. All animals were fed with 2/3 DM through roughages (2/3 from dry and 1/3 from green) + 1/3 DM from concentrate mixture. In T0 and T2 groups untreated groundnut cake was given in ration. Whereas, in T1 and T3 groups, groundnut cake was treated with formaldehyde (FA) (@ 1.0 gm FA /100g CP). Also bypass fat (99%) was supplemented in T2 and T3 groups @ 10 gm per liter milk production. Daily DM intake and daily milk yield for individual animals were recorded. The data generated during experimental period were analyzed by Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with SAS, 9.3 versions.The DMI was significantly (P>0.05) higher in T3 (12.72) followed by T1 (12.59), T0 (12.47) and T2 (12.23). However, the DMI/ 100 kg body weight was 3.05, 3.01, 3.13 and 2.81 kg/d in T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively with non significant treatment. The average milk production during supplementation period was 9.82, 11.76, 11.41 and 12.43 kg/d in group T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively which was significantly 16.49% higher in T1, 13.93% higher in T2 and 20.99% in T3 over T0. The net return over feed cost was highest in T3 group followed by T1 and T2 over T0.

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