SPACING AND FERTILIZER STUDIES ON SWEET CORN UNDER IRRIGATION IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-886
Author(s):  
S. FREYMAN ◽  
M. S. KALDY ◽  
G. C. KOZUB ◽  
S. DUBETZ ◽  
W. T. ANDREW
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Row Width ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Two cultivars of sweet corn (Zea mays L.), Mello Gold and Queen Anne, were grown at two sites in 1970 at three plant populations (45, 60, and 75 thousand plants/ha), two row spacings (75 and 100 cm), and two fertilizer rates (recommended rate on the basis of a soil test and an upward adjustment of the recommended rate). In 1971 an additional site was chosen and the same two cultivars were grown at four plant populations (45, 57.5, 70, and 82.5 thousand plants/ha) in rows 100 cm apart and with a uniform recommended fertilizer application. Yields in 1970 were higher on a sandy loam than on a loam soil. Mello Gold had larger ears and yielded more than Queen Anne. Yields increased significantly in both years with increasing plant populations. Yields were unaffected in 1970 by row width or fertilizer rate. Ear length of both cultivars decreased with increasing populations. Total sugar and alcohol-insoluble solid content of the kernels was unaffected by the treatments.

Effect of Irrigated Crop Rotation and Phosphorus Fertilizer-Manure on Soil Water Repellency of a Clay Loam Soil in Southern Alberta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim J. Miller ◽  
Mallory Owen ◽  
Ben Ellert ◽  
Xueming Yang ◽  
Craig F. Drury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
Hydrophobic Coatings ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Loam Soil

Soil water repellency (SWR) was measured for a 28 yr field study under irrigation on a clay loam Dark Brown soil in southern Alberta. The objectives were to study the effect of legume-cereal crop rotations, feedlot manure, and phosphorus (P) fertilizer application on soil hydrophobicity (SH) and soil water repellency index (RI) under irrigation. Mean SH and RI were similar (P > 0.05) for a legume-cereal and cereal rotation, and were unaffected by P fertilization. However, P fertilization shifted the RI classification from slight to sub-critical. In contrast, SH was significantly greater for manured than non-manured treatments, while RI was unaffected. Soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) correlated with SH (r=0.74), but not with RI (r=-0.17). This suggested a closer association between the quantity of SOC and quantity of hydrophobic compounds (SH method) compared to the hydrophobic coatings inhibiting infiltration of water (RI method). No significant correlation between SH and RI (r=-0.09) suggests that SH is not a good predictor of SWR using the RI method. Overall, manure application increased SH and P fertilization shifted the RI classification from slight to sub-critical. In contrast, legume-cereal rotations had no influence on SH and SWR using RI method compared to continuous cereal.

scholarly journals Agronomical Field Testing of New Kinds of Multicomponent Mineral Fertilizers

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
K.T. Zhantasov ◽  
Z.U. Myrhalykov ◽  
S.M. Moldabekov ◽  
M.K. Zhantasov ◽  
B.T. Omarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Essential Difference ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Analysis of modern scientific literature and patents has shown the absence of acid-free production technology of a mechanically activated multicomponent mineral fertilizer containing water-holding substances. Experimental researches connecting with mechanochemical activation and physicochemical properties of Karatau phosphorites prove a possibility of development of a new multicomponent mineral fertilizer. Application of inorganic and organic activators considerably improves qualities of fertilizers because the developed fertilizer mixtures contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humate and microelements. The suggested technology intends to use wastes of coal mining that leads to presence of humates and microelements in the end product. It was determined, that content of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium depends on a form of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium-containing substances. The given article contains data of researches connecting with use of multicomponent mineral fertilizers in field conditions for cotton cultivation on irrigated light sierozems consisting of soil-forming rocks of loess and loess-type clay loams. The research results show the increase of soil’s fertility and cotton’s productivity. Studying of agronomic efficiency of the new kinds of mechanically activated multicomponent mineral fertilizers at the cultivation of a bean-cereal mixture has been carried out in the Negorelsk experimental nursery-garden of the Belarus State Technical University on a sod-podzol sandy-loam soil and has shown the essential influence on productivity and quality of the bean-cereal mixture. The researches fulfilled on a sod-podzol sandy-loam soil have revealed the essential increase of key indicators of feed productivity. Application of the mineral fertilizers has promoted increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in green plants. In so doing content of calcium and magnesium in green mass depends from quantity of the fertilizer used to a smaller extent. An essential difference of crop capacity and feed productivity indicators depending on forms of the applied mineral fertilizers has not been found.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Nutrient Management on Water Quality Improvement: A Synthesis on Nitrate-Nitrogen Loss from Subsurface Drainage

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-689
Author(s):  
Wenlong Liu ◽  
Yongping Yuan ◽  
Lydia Koropeckyj-Cox
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

HighlightsFertilizer rate was found to be the most important factor controlling flow-weighted nitrate-N concentrations.Organic fertilizer may significantly increase nitrate-N losses, but N content of manures can be variable.We did not find significant differences in nitrate-N export among fertilizer application methods or timing.Split fertilization reduced nitrate-N export at lower fertilizer rates (<167 kg N ha-1) but not at higher rates.Fertilizer N recommendations need re-evaluation to consider both environmental and economic effects.Abstract. Nutrient management, as described in NRCS Code 590, has been intensively investigated, with research largely focused on crop yields and water quality. Yet, due to complex processes and mechanisms in nutrient cycling (especially the nitrogen (N) cycle), there are many challenges in evaluating the effectiveness of nutrient management practices across site conditions. We therefore synthesized data from peer-reviewed publications on subsurface-drained agricultural fields in the Midwest U.S. with corn yield and drainage nitrate-N (NO3-N) export data published from 1980 to 2019. Through literature screening and data extraction from 43 publications, we obtained 577 site-years of data with detailed information on fertilization, corn yields, precipitation, drainage volume, and drainage NO3-N load/concentration or both. In addition, we estimated flow-weighted NO3-N concentrations ([NO3-N]) in drainage for those site-years where only load and volume were reported. Furthermore, we conducted a cost analysis using synthesized and surveyed corn yield data to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different nutrient management plans. Results from the synthesis showed that N fertilizer rate was strongly positively correlated with corn yields, NO3-N loads, and flow-weighted [NO3-N]. Reducing N fertilizer rates can effectively mitigate NO3-N losses from agricultural fields; however, our cost analysis showed negative economic returns for continuous corn production at lower N rates. In addition, organic fertilizers significantly boosted corn yields and NO3-N losses compared to inorganic fertilizers at comparable rates; however, accurate quantification of plant-available N in organic fertilizers is necessary to guide appropriate nutrient management plans because the nutrient content may be highly variable. In terms of fertilizer application methods, we did not find significant differences in NO3-N export in drainage discharge. Lastly, impact of fertilization timing on NO3-N export varied depending on other factors such as fertilizer rate, source, and weather. According to these results, we suggest that further efforts are still required to produce effective local nutrient management plans. Furthermore, government agencies such as USDA-NRCS need to work with other agencies such as USEPA to address the potential economic losses due to implementation of lower fertilizer rates for water quality improvement. Keywords: Conservation practice, Corn yields, Cost-effectiveness, NO3-N loss, Nutrient management, Subsurface drainage, Midwest U.S.

Performance of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars under differentplant populations during early kharif

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bhagavatha Priya ◽  
D. Subramanyam ◽  
V. Sumathi
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
College Farm

A field experiment was conducted in sandy loam soils to study the performance of groundnut cultivars (Abhaya, TAG-24, Dharani and Kadiri-6) under different plant populations (3.33, 4.44, 5.00 and 6.66 lakh ha<sup>-1</sup>) during early kharif, 2013, at Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College Farm, Tirupati campus of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Andhra Pradesh. The results revealed that the highest stature of yield attributes viz., number of filled pods plant<sup>-1</sup>, pod to peg percentage, hundred pod and kernel weight were significantly higher with groundnut variety Dharani compared to rest of the varieties due to better partitioning of photosynthates to sink. The groundnut cultivar Dharani recorded 42.0, 32.2 and 17.0 per cent higher pod yield compared to Abhaya, Kadiri-6 and TAG-24, respectively. All the yield components were significantly higher with plant population of 3.33 lakh ha<sup>-1</sup>. The pod yield of groundnut with plant population of 5.00 lakh ha<sup>-1</sup> was increased by 2.8, 7.2 and 14.0 per cent compared to 3.33, 4.44 and 6.66 lakh ha<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The higher pod yield of groundnut during early kharif in sandy loam soil was obtained with groundnut cultivar Dharani at plant population of 5.00 lakh ha<sup>-1</sup>.

Downward movement and transformation of phosphorus in soils after long-continued fertilizer application to coconut (Cocos nucifera)

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Loganathan ◽  
V. Nalliah
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Downward Movement ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Phosphate Treatment

SummaryDeterminations of sodium bicarbonate (pH 8·5) extractable P made on profiles of a sandy loam soil 7 and 8 years after fertilizer application to coconut in the Dry zone of Sri Lanka showed that the downward movement of P from concentrated superphosphate was greater than from rock phosphate (saphos). The surface layers (0–15 cm) of soil given concentrated superphosphate had higher P values (60 and 89 mg/kg for the 8th and 9th year respectively) than those given rock phosphate (3 and 16·5 mg/kg). At 40 cm depth the concentrated superphosphate treatment had 6 and 30 mg P/kg but the rook phosphate treatment had almost zero P at and below 40 cm.Phosphorus in the soil profile 8 years after fertilizer application was fractionated by the method of Chang & Jackson. Concentrated superphosphate treatment increased the Al-P and to a lesser degree Fe-P and Ca-P. Rock phosphate treatment increased the Ca-P and to a lesser extent Fe-P and Al-P. Phosphorus concentration in the 14th leaf was significantly correlated with Al-P, Fe-P and NaHCO3-P but not with Ca-P and organic P.The significance of the findings to phosphorus fertilizer application to coconut is discussed.

Effect of fertilizer placement on yield of established alfalfa stands

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Simons ◽  
C. A. Grant ◽  
L. D. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
K Fertilization

Alfalfa yield response to P and K fertilization management has been documented elsewhere, but little work has been done in western Canada. Field studies conducted on two Manitoba soils for 4 yr evaluated the effects of four levels of monoammonium phosphate and three levels of potassium chloride fertilizers, applied as a surface broadcast or as an in-soil band application, on the yield of established alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) stands. Applied P increased total annual forage yield on the clay loam soil by 1.53 t h−1 (47%), when averaged over the 4 yr of the study, but did not increase yields on the fine sandy loam. Yield response to P application on the clay loam soil increased over the 4 yr of the study. Potassium application resulted in minor or no increases in forage yield on both soils. On the clay loam soil, there was no yield difference between banded and broadcast fertilizer applications. On the fine sandy loam soil, band application reduced yields slightly compared with broadcast application, particularly at the first harvest following fertilizer application. Grass ingress into the plots was reduced by K application but was not affected by P fertilization, which may indicate a beneficial effect of K fertilization on alfalfa vigor and persistence. Key words: Potassium, phosphorus, banding, broadcast, persistence

INFLUENCE OF FORM AND MODE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON THE AVAILABILITY OF SOIL AND FERTILIZER POTASSIUM

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Acquaye ◽  
A. J. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Loam Soil

Ammonium applied alone or after addition of K depressed the uptake of K by oats grown in a sandy loam soil in the greenhouse. When NH4 was added first and K later at seeding, however, NH4 increased K-uptake.In the absence of K fertilizer, NH4 reduced the release of non-exchangeable K to the plants. When added prior to or at the same time as K at seeding, NH4 reduced K-fixation. This inhibitory effect of NH4 on fixation of added K was reflected in higher amounts of K in solution as shown by lower [Formula: see text] ratios. These results of chemical extraction of the soil indicated that the effects of NH4 on K-uptake by the oat crop arose from reactions in the soil.

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