ASSESSMENT OF YIELD IMPROVEMENT OF SHORT-SEASON CORN HYBRIDS IN ATLANTIC TRIALS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
R. P. WHITE ◽  
K. B. McRAE
Keyword(s):  
Corn Yield ◽  
Hybrid Performance ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Evaluation of corn hybrid performance in Atlantic trials has documented an 11% mean yield improvement for forage corn hybrids of similar maturity in 1982 in comparison with those under test in 1976. The mean 1982 grain corn yield improvement was 16% overall, with later maturing hybrids showing a greater yield improvement than earlier hybrids.Key words: Maize, hybrid, evaluation, early maturity

YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS DEPENDING ON PLANT DENSITY AND FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Polyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Field Calculation ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Fertilizer System

The article presents the results of research on the formation of corn yield for grain depending on the elements of cultivation technology in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The goal of the research was to identify the influence of plant density and fertilizer system on the yield of corn hybrids for grain. The research was conducted during 2017-2019 in the research field of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University (Bila Tserkva NAU). Research methods: field, calculation and statistical. Results. Regularities of growth, development and formation of yield by plants are revealed, both in concrete conditions of years of researches, and taking into account average long-term values taking into account features of hybrid-oriented technology. According to the results of the experiment it was recorded that the maximum yields for growing early-maturing maize hybrid DN PIVYHA with FAO 180 in general were obtained at a pre-harvest density of 75 thousand units/ha and the use of combined organo-mineral fertilizer system - 11.09 t/ha; medium-early maize hybrid DN ORLYK, FAO 280 in general in the experiment provided a grain yield of 9.60 t/ha, and in terms of 2017 - 7.86 t/ha, in 2018 - 11.22 t/ha and in 2019 - 9, 72 t/ha, but the medium-ripe hybrid of corn DN SARMAT, FAO 380 provided a grain yield of 10.81 t/ha, and in the context of 2017 - 9.31 t/ha, in 2018 - 11.68 t/ha and in 2019 - 11.44 t/ha. Significant influence on the formation of the yield of corn has a hybrid factor (27 %), fertilizer system determines the level of productivity by 21 % and interacts closely with the conditions of the growing season (factor BV 9 %), growing season conditions also determine the level of productivity of corn plants (19 %), and the pre-harvest density determines this feature by 18 %. Conclusions: In the conditions of the Right Bank part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine there is an increase in the level of productivity of maize hybrids from early to medium-ripe hybrids, regardless of the influence of other experimental factors.

Herbicide Programs for the Control of ALS-Resistant Shattercane (Sorghum bicolor) in Corn (Zea mays)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. King ◽  
Edward S. Hagood
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Treatment Timing ◽  
Herbicide Programs ◽  
Experienced Difficulty ◽  
Corn Hybrid ◽  
Better Than

Growers from three counties in Virginia have recently experienced difficulty controlling shattercane in corn with acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides. Seed was collected from these locations and from a susceptible biotype and tested for resistance to imazethapyr, imazapyr, and nicosulfuron in greenhouse trials. Seedlings from these locations were also treated with glufosinate and glyphosate. Greenhouse experiments indicated that one of the four shattercane biotypes was resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Effective control of the resistant biotype was possible with glufosinate or glyphosate. Field experiments were conducted in 2003 and 2004 to determine the most effective herbicide program utilizing herbicide-tolerant/-resistant corn hybrids for the control of shattercane. Early postemergence (EP) and late postemergence (LP) applications of imazethapyr plus imazapyr or EP nicosulfuron did not control shattercane, and yield from the imidazolinone-tolerant (IT) hybrid was equivalent between these treatments and was equivalent to yield from the weedy control (WC). At 23 wk after planting (WAP), EP applications of glyphosate controlled shattercane 71 and 75% compared to only 21 and 66% with EP applications of glufosinate in 2003 and 2004, respectively. In both years, LP applications of glufosinate or glyphosate controlled shattercane better than did EP applications of glufosinate or glyphosate. Treatment timing with respect to corn yield within either the glufosinate-resistant (LL) or glyphosate-resistant (RR) corn hybrid was critical. EP treatments of glufosinate or glyphosate resulted in yields that were equivalent to yield from the weed-free control (WFC) of each hybrid. LP treatments of glufosinate or glyphosate, however, resulted in yields that were equivalent to only 90 and 91% of yield from the WFC of each hybrid, respectively.

Corn Tolerance as Affected by the Timing of Foramsulfuron Applications

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Bunting ◽  
Christy L. Sprague ◽  
Dean E. Riechers
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Ear Malformations ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Two corn hybrids were evaluated to determine tolerance to foramsulfuron applications with and without the safener, isoxadifen-ethyl at five application timings. The corn hybrid N58D1 was more sensitive to foramsulfuron applications than N59Q9. Averaged across all application timings, the addition of isoxadifen-ethyl decreased corn injury of the more sensitive corn hybrid, N58D1. Foramsulfuron application timing had a significant effect on corn tolerance. The greatest corn injury generally occurred from foramsulfuron applications to V6 and V8 corn (visible collars). Foramsulfuron injury ranged between 9 and 37% from these two application timings, 7 d after treatment (DAT). By 21 DAT, corn generally recovered from foramsulfuron injury, and there were a few cases of reduced corn yield at the end of the season. Yield reductions and ear malformations were greatest at the Urbana location with both hybrids when foramsulfuron was applied to V12 corn. The addition of isoxadifen-ethyl alleviated ear malformations and increased corn yield from this application timing. Applications of foramsulfuron before V6 corn also were important in reducing corn injury and protecting yield. Therefore, when growers are using foramsulfuron for weed control, it will be important to select proper hybrids that are more tolerant as well as making applications before V6 corn.

Productivity of corn hybrids of different fao groups depending on microfertilizers and growth stimulants under irrigation in the south of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yu. Lavrynenko ◽  
R. Vozhegova ◽  
O. Hozh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
The South ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the research is to identify effi cient microfertilizers and growth stimulants considering biologi- cal features of new corn hybrids of different FAO groups under irrigation conditions in the South of Ukraine and trace their impact on grain productivity of the plants. The methods of the research are the fi eld method – to study the interaction of the research object with experimental factors of the natural environment, to register the yield and evaluate the biometrical indices; the laboratory method – to measure soil moisture, grain moisture content and grain quality indices; the statistical method – to evaluate the reliability of the obtained results; the calculation methods – for economic and energetic assessment of the growing techniques used. The results of the research. The paper defi nes the impact of microfertilizers and growth stimulants on the yield and grain quality of the corn hybrids of different maturity groups and on the economic effi ciency of growing them. The conclusions of the research. Under irrigation conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine it is recommended that the following hybrids should be grown in dark-chestnut soils: early maturity DN Pyvykha, medium-early Skadovskyi, medium maturity Kakhovskyi and medium-late Arabat, using the growth stimulants – treating the seeds with Sezam-Nano and fertilizing with Grainactive at the stage of 7–8 leaves.

scholarly journals FEEDING VALUE OF SILAGE FROM A TILLERING AND A NONTILLERING HYBRID CORN

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. BOWDEN ◽  
N. B. McLAUGHLIN ◽  
S. FREYMAN
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Matter Energy ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Whole-plant silages made from a tillering corn hybrid (Zea mays L.) and a nontillering corn hybrid had similar digestibilities of dry matter, energy, and protein as assessed with wether sheep. When the silages were fed as the only feed for 56 days to yearling Hereford steers weighing an average of 370 kg, the intake of silage from the nontillering corn tended to be low and the steers only maintained their weight. Steers fed silage from the tillering corn gained 0.45 kg/day. However, with supplemental steamed, rolled barley being given for the remainder of the 112 days, average weight gains for the total period did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) between steers on the two silages. When barley was fed with each of the silages at 0.5% of body weight, the average daily gain of steers for 112 days was the same for the two silages (0.79 kg/day). The digestible energy consumed per unit of gain did not differ significantly (P < 0.05) between the two silages. We conclude that, when fed with a limited amount of barley, silages of equal feeding value could be made from tillering and nontillering corn hybrids grown in southern Alberta.

scholarly journals Prediction of maize hybrid performance using similarity in state and similarity by descent information

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2381-2394 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. Ferreira ◽  
R.G. Von Pinho ◽  
M. Balestre ◽  
R.L. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Performance ◽  
Maize Hybrid

scholarly journals Climate change trends in the forest-meadow zone of the Middle Urals and their impact on technological approaches to corn cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 07004
Author(s):  
A.E. Panfilov ◽  
P.Yu. Ovchinnikov ◽  
E.L. Tikhanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Climatic Trend ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Cultivation Technology

The results of the analysis of long-term trends in changes in individual climatic characteristics and variations in weather conditions of the growing season in the forest-meadow zone of the Middle Urals for the period from 1958 to 2020 are presented, their influence on the choice of hybrids and some elements of corn cultivation technology are estimated. As a result of calculating the linear trend, a statistically proven trend has been established to increase the sum of active temperatures above 10 °C for May – September. At the same time, random fluctuations of the analyzed parameters over the years have a direct impact on corn development and productivity, and the limiting factor is the lower limit of these fluctuations, the values of which increase throughout the analyzed period. Nevertheless, the variation over the years remains strong, and the lower limit of these fluctuations does not reach the minimum level for the stable maturation of early-maturing corn hybrids. Therefore, for the conditions of the Middle Urals, the previous recommendations concerning the selection of corn hybrids for early maturity, cold resistance and drought resistance remain relevant. At the same time, the revealed climatic trend allows to predict an increase in the probability of obtaining feed with a high content of exchange energy, which characterizes it as positive one.

scholarly journals In situ rumen degradation of kernels from short-season corn silage hybrids as affected by processing1,2

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan L Miorin ◽  
Lucia Holtshausen ◽  
Vern Baron ◽  
Karen A Beauchemin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Short Season

Abstract The objective of this in situ study was to evaluate the rumen degradability of kernels from short-season corn hybrids grown for silage in Western Canada (Lacombe, AB) and determine whether decreasing kernel particle size would enhance ruminal degradability in a similar manner for all hybrids. The study was a completely randomized design with 3 beef cows (replicates) and a 6 (hybrid) × 3 (particle size) factorial arrangement of treatments. Kernels were processed to generate three different particle sizes: large (2.3 mm), medium (1.4 mm), and small (0.7 mm). Processed samples were incubated in the rumen for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h using the in situ method and degradation kinetics of DM and starch were determined. Effective rumen degradability (ED) was estimated using a passage rate of 0.04 (ED4), 0.06 (ED6), and 0.08/h (ED8). Hybrids exhibited a range in whole plant DM content (23.7 to 25.0%), starch content (15.9 to 28.1% DM), kernel hardness (21.9 to 34.4 s/20 g) and density (3.57 to 4.18 g/mL), and prolamin content (8.24 to 11.34 g/100 g starch). Differences in digestion kinetics among hybrids were generally more pronounced for starch than DM. The hybrids differed in starch degradability (P &lt; 0.05), with earlier maturing hybrids having lower A fraction, lower kd, and lower ED, with hybrid effects on ED being accentuated with faster passage rate. Kernel DM content (r = −0.85, −0.87), hardness (r = −0.89, −0.86), and density (r = −0.84, −0.85) were negatively correlated with ED4 and ED8 of starch, respectively, due mainly to decreased kd of fraction B. Reducing the particle size of kernels increased ED of starch due to increased A fraction and kd of the B fraction. A tendency (P = 0.09) for hybrid × processing effects for ED6 and ED8 indicated that processing had greater effects on increasing ED of starch for earlier maturing hybrids. We conclude that short-season hybrids that mature early may have lower ED of DM and starch and would benefit from prolonged ensilage time. Kernel processing during silage making is recommended for short-season corn hybrids as a means of enhancing rumen availability of starch.

Selecting for earliness and yield in sorghum at different sites

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Plett ◽  
L. A. Nelson ◽  
M. D. Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Selection Of

Feasibility of selection of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines in a long–season environment for early maturity and yield was studied. Fifty-seven male lines from three different origins and F1 progenies produced by crossing the lines to three early-maturing female lines were used for these evaluations. Lines selected for yield had highest yield in a long-season environment but showed no yield advantage in short-season areas. There were lines from all three origins which should be useful in the locations tested. Selection for earliness and yield appeared feasible in a long season area. Key words: Heritability, correlation

Differential Butylate Injury to Corn Hybrids

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Wright ◽  
C. E. Rieck
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Injury to corn (Zea maysL.) fromS-ethyl diisobutylthiocarbamate (butylate) was investigated with respect to hybrid. Field experiments in 1971 at Dillon and Clemson, South Carolina, established that the corn hybrid ‘Coker 71’ was more tolerant to butylate than ‘Pioneer 511A’. Also established as being tolerant and sensitive to butylate were the hybrids ‘Pioneer 3030’ and ‘PAG 644’, respectively. Laboratory studies with14C-butylate showed that the resistant hybrid ‘Pioneer 3030’ took up less14C-butylate and metabolized more to14CO2than did ‘PAG 644’.

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