scholarly journals Prediction of Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Korea, 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Won Jung ◽  
Young-Joo Won ◽  
Seri Hong ◽  
Hyun-Joo Kong ◽  
Eun Sook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

PurposeThis study aimed to report the projected cancer incidence and mortality for the year 2020 to estimate Korea’s current cancer burden.Materials and MethodsCancer incidence data from 1999 to 2017 were obtained from the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, and cancer mortality data from 1993 to 2018 were acquired from Statistics Korea. Cancer incidence and mortality were projected by fitting a linear regression model to observed age-specific cancer rates against observed years and then by multiplying the projected age-specific rates by the age-specific population. A <i>Joinpoint</i> regression model was used to determine the year in which the linear trend changed significantly; we only used the data of the latest trend.ResultsIn total, 243,263 new cancer cases and 80,546 cancer deaths are expected to occur in Korea in 2020. The most common cancer site is expected to be the lung, followed by the stomach, thyroid, colon/rectum, and breast. These five cancers types are expected to represent half of the overall burden of cancer in Korea. The most common type of cancer among people who die is expected to be lung cancer, followed by liver, colon/rectal, pancreatic, and stomach cancers.ConclusionThe incidence rates for all types of cancer in Korea are estimated to decrease gradually. These up-to-date estimates of the cancer burden in Korea could be an important resource for planning and evaluating cancer-control programs.

scholarly journals Projecting Cancer Incidence for 2025 in the 2 Largest Populated Cities in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327481986527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Minh Nguyen ◽  
Stephen Deppen ◽  
Giang Huong Nguyen ◽  
Dung Xuan Pham ◽  
Tung Duc Bui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Pharynx Cancer

The population size and projected demographics of Vietnam’s 2 largest cities, Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and Hanoi, will change dramatically over the next decade. Demographic changes in an aging population coupled with income growth and changes in lifestyle will result in a very different distribution of common cancers in the future. The study aimed to project the number of cancer incidence in the 2 largest populated cities in Vietnam for the year 2025. Cancer incidence data from 2004 to 2013 collected from population-based cancer registries in these 2 cities were provided by Vietnam National Cancer Institute. Incidence cases in 2013 and the previous decades average annual percent changes of age-standardized cancer incidence rates combined with expected population growth were modeled to project cancer incidence for each cancer site by gender to 2025. A substantial double in cancer incidence from 2013 to 2025 resulted from a growing and aging population in HCMC and Hanoi. Lung, colorectum, breast, thyroid, and liver cancers, which represent 67% of the overall cancer burden, are projected to become the leading cancer diagnoses by 2025 regardless of genders. For men, the leading cancer sites in 2025 are predicted to be lung, colorectum, esophagus, liver, and pharynx cancer, and among women, they are expected to be breast, thyroid, colorectum, lung, and cervical cancer. We projected an epidemiological transition from infectious-associated cancers to a high burden of cancers that have mainly been attributed to lifestyle in both cities. We predicted that with 16.9% growth in the overall population and dramatic aging with these 2 urban centers, the burdens of cancer incidence will increase sharply in both cities over the next decades. Data on projections of cancer incidence in both cities provide useful insights for directing appropriate policies and cancer control programs in Vietnam.

A Simulation Model for Small-area Cancer Incidence Rates

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (05) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Daugs ◽  
M. Meyer ◽  
M. Radespiel-Tröger
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

Summary Objectives: Cancer epidemiologists are often asked by members of the interested public about possible associations between suspected carcinogens and apparently increased small-area cancer incidence rates. Frequently, no systematic incidence differences can be demonstrated. Nevertheless, it is necessary to address public concerns about suspected cancer clusters. To facilitate explanations about the large random variation of small-area tumor incidence, we implemented a software simulation tool in R. Methods: Under the assumption of no cancer causes other than chance, the tool simulates a small village population with an average number of five inhabitants per house and allows graphical visualisation of ten streets with 100 houses. Published age-specific incidence and mortality data are used for event sampling based on the binomial distribution. Program parameters include sample size, age distribution, cancer incidence, and mortality rates. Results: On average, 22 percent (2.2/10) of all houses per street have been inhabited by at least one cancer patient during the last five years in our simulated small village. A situation where all (10) houses in a street have been inhabited by at least one cancer patient during the last five years appears to be very rare (less than one in a million streets). Conclusions: Our software tool can be used effectively for numerical and graphical visualisation of small-area tumour incidence and prevalence rates due to chance alone. The explanation of basic epidemiological concepts to members of the public can help to increase public motivation and support for population-based cancer registration. Our simulation tool can be used to support this goal.

scholarly journals Incidence and mortality by larynx cancer in Central and South America

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suellen Nadine de Lima Costa ◽  
Fábia Cheyenne Gomes de Morais Fernandes ◽  
Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza ◽  
Héllyda de Souza Bezerra ◽  
Emelynne Gabrielly de Oliveira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe how the incidence and mortality trends for laryngeal cancer in South and Central American countries. Methods: Time series study, with incidence data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, from 1990 to 2012 and mortality data from 17 countries of the World Health Organization, from 1995 to 2013. The trend was analyzed by Joinpoint regression. Results: The highest incidence rate for laryngeal cancer was in Brazil, with 5.9 new cases per 100,000 men, and the highest mortality rate in Uruguay with 4.2 deaths per 100,000 men. The incidence ratio between genders ranged from 4: 1 (Colombia) to 12: 1 (Ecuador). The mortality ratio between the sexes ranged from 4: 1 (Peru) to 14: 1 (Uruguay). Conclusion: Most countries had low incidence rates and reduced mortality in Latin America.

Cancer surveillance and research on environmental contributions to cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Chao ◽  
Brenda K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Cancer Surveillance ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

AbstractCancer surveillance is a fundamental component of national or sub-national cancer control planning and research. Cancer incidence and mortality data allow countries to monitor change in cancer incidence, mortality, and survival over time, by geographic region, and by demographic characteristics. Such data provide important clues to form hypotheses for cancer etiologic research, including research to examine environmental contributions to cancer. Strengthening cancer surveillance systems is urgently needed to conduct high quality research in environmental pollution and cancer in many countries. The United States National Cancer Institute Center for Global Health organized the first symposium on Environmental Contributions to Cancer during the 16th International Conference of Pacific Basin Consortium (PBC) for Environment and Health. PBC provided an important forum for dialog to establish partnerships and collaborations among researchers of environmental pollution and cancer.

Cancer Incidence in Turin: The Effect of Migration

1993 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Rosso ◽  
Silvia Patriarca ◽  
Piera Vicari ◽  
Roberto Zanetti
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Corpus Uteri

Aims and Background Studies on migrant populations have been of great value in clarifying the role of environmental factors in cancer occurrence. Most of them consider migrants from other countries or continents. Turin, the target territory of this study, was an important area of Internal migration initially from the East, and more recently from southern Italy. Methods The study compared incidence rates (age-standardized) of the native population, of the migrants and incidence rates of the Cancer Registries located in the four main areas of origin. Results Overall incidence rates in migrants from southern Italy were intermediate compared with those of the stable populations of the South and the North. The same effect was not true for people from the North-East, who migrated in earlier decades. In this population, migration towards lower-incidence areas did not reduce cancer incidence. Migrants from the South showed a significant increase in intestinal, breast, and tobacco-related tumors compared to the stable southern population. No effect of migration was found for cancer of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach or corpus uteri. Incidence of liver cancer in migrant southern males was significantly different from the stable and the native north-western population. Conclusions The results, based on incidence data, validated previous findings based on mortality data on the effect of Italian Internal migrations and showed that migrants underwent changes in some environmental exposures. In particular, migrants from the South to the North of Italy came into contact with new risk factors, with an increase in occurrence of cancer.

Trends in the incidence and mortality of oral cancer in Nevada (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Foote ◽  
Karl Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Us ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

BACKGROUND Reviews of national and state-specific cancer registries have revealed differences in rates of oral cancer incidence and mortality that have implications for public health research and policy. Many significant associations between head and neck (oral) cancers and major risk factors, such as cigarette usage, may be influenced by public health policy such as smoking restrictions and bans – including the Nevada Clean Indoor Act of 2006 (and subsequent modification in 2011). OBJECTIVE Although evaluation of general and regional advances in public policy have been previously evaluated, no recent studies have focused specifically on the changes to the epidemiology of oral cancer incidence and mortality in Nevada. METHODS Cancer incidence and mortality rate data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Most recently available rate changes in cancer incidence and mortality for Nevada included the years 2012 – 2016 and are age-adjusted to the year 2000 standard US population. Comparisons of any differences between Nevada and the overall US population were evaluated using Chi square analysis. RESULTS This analysis revealed that the overall rates of incidence and mortality from oral cancer in Nevada differs from that observed in the overall US population. For example, although the incidence of oral cancer among Caucasians is increasing in Nevada and the US overall, it is increasing at nearly twice that rate in Nevada, P=0.0002. In addition, although oral cancer incidence among Minorities in the US is declining, it is increasing in Nevada , P=0.0001. Analysis of reported mortality causes revealed that mortality from oral cancer increased in the US overall but declined in Nevada during the same period (2012-2016). More specifically, mortality among both Males and Females in the US is increasing, but is declining in Nevada, P=0.0027. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the epidemiologic data from Nevada compared with the overall US revealed significant differences in rates of oral cancer incidence and mortality. More specifically, oral cancer incidence increased in Nevada between 2012-2016 among all groups analyzed (Males, Females, White, Minority), while decreases were observed nationally among Females and Minorities. Although mortality in Nevada decreased over this same time period (in contrast to the national trends), the lag time between diagnosis (incidence) and mortality suggests that these trends will change in the near future. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer in Lebanon: Incidence, Temporal Trends, and Comparison to Regional and Western Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482199686
Author(s):  
Najla A. Lakkis ◽  
Ola El-Kibbi ◽  
Mona H. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
P Value ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Incidence ◽  
Males And Females

Global trends in the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer show a steady increase with significant predilection to western developed countries, possibly linking it to westernized lifestyles among other risk factors. This study aims to investigate the incidence and trends of colorectal cancer in Lebanon, a country in the Middle East and North Africa region, and to compare these rates to those in regional and western countries. Colorectal cancer incidence data were extracted from the Lebanese National Cancer Registry for the currently available years 2005 to 2016. The calculated age-standardized incidence rates and age-specific rates were expressed as per 100,000 population. The age-standardized incidence rates of colorectal cancer in Lebanon increased from 16.3 and 13.0 per 100,000 in 2005 to 23.2 and 20.2 per 100,000 in 2016, among males and females, respectively. The incidences were higher for males, and they increased with age. The annual percent change was +4.36% and +4.45%, in males and females respectively (p-value < 0.05). There was a non-statistically significant trend of decrease in recent years (since 2012 in males and since 2011 in females). The age-standardized incidence rates in Lebanon were higher than those in the majority of the regional countries, but lower than the rates in developed western countries. There were high age-specific incidence rates at age groups 40-44 and 45-49 years in Lebanon in both males and females (with significant rising temporal trend) compared to other countries, including the ones reported to have the highest colorectal cancer age-standardized incidence rate worldwide. Therefore, the burden of colorectal cancer is significant in Lebanon. This raises the necessity to develop national strategies tailored to reduce colorectal cancer incidence through promoting healthy lifestyles, raising awareness, and early detection as of 40 years of age.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer in Young and Older Adults in Uruguay: Changes in Recent Incidence and Mortality Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8232
Author(s):  
Carina Musetti ◽  
Mariela Garau ◽  
Rafael Alonso ◽  
Marion Piñeros ◽  
Isabelle Soerjomataram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Incidence

Uruguay has the highest colorectal cancer incidence rates in Latin America. Previous studies reported a stable incidence and a slight increase in mortality among males. We aimed to assess colorectal cancer incidence (2002–2017) and mortality trends (1990–2017) by age groups and sex, using data from the National Cancer Registry. Annual percent changes (APCs) were estimated using joinpoint regression models. We included 27,561 colorectal cancer cases and 25,403 deaths. We found an increasing incidence among both males and females aged 40–49, with annual increases of 3.1% (95%CI: 1.21–5.03) and 2.1% (95%CI: 0.49–3.66), respectively, and an increasein the rate in older males (70+) of 0.60% (95%CI: 0.02–1.20) per year between 2002 and 2017. Mortality remained stable among those younger than 50, whereas it decreased for older females aged 50–69 and 70+ (APC: −0.61% (−1.07–0.14) and −0.68% (−1.02–0.34), respectively), and increased for the oldest males (70+; APC: 0.74 (0.47–1.01)). In conclusion, we found rising colorectal cancer incidence accompanied by stable mortality in young adults. Sex disparities were also found among the older adults, with a more favorable pattern for females. Exposures to dietary and lifestyle risk factors, and inequalities in access to and awareness of screening programs, are probably among the main underlying causes and deserve further investigation.

Cancer incidence and mortality trends from 2003 to 2014 in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta Buzzoni ◽  
Emanuele Crocetti ◽  
Stefano Guzzinati ◽  
Luigino Dal Maso ◽  
Silvia Francisci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
The South ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Incident Cases

Objective: To evaluate short-term (2003–2014) cancer incidence and mortality trends in Italy. Methods: Italian Cancer Registries data, available in the AIRTUM database, from 17 out of 20 regions were used. The number of incident cases and deaths were estimated for those registries and those years with incomplete information. Age-standardized rates, overall and stratified by geographic area, region, sex, cancer site, and major age group, were computed. Time trends were expressed as annual percent change of rates. Results: In Italy, among males, incidence rates for all cancers showed during 2003–2014, a significant decrease (−0.9%/year), with stronger reductions in the northwest (−1.3%/year) and northeast (−2.0%/year since 2006) than in central (−0.7%/year) and southern (−0.4%/year) areas. Among females, a weak but significant overall reduction was detected (−0.1%/year), with a stronger decrease in the northwest (−0.5%/year). Incidence increased among women in the south (0.3%/year) of Italy. Mortality decreased in both sexes (−1.0%/year among males and −0.5%/year among females), but not in the south, where rates had a stable tendency. Conclusions: Incidence among males decreased, supported by trends for prostate, lung, colorectal, and urinary bladder cancers; among females the. The overall cancer incidence trend was stable, or even decreasing, in the northern and central areas and increasing in the southern areas, due to lung, thyroid, and melanoma rising trends. Study results provided information on the outcomes, in terms of cancer incidence and mortality, of primary and secondary prevention measures employed by regional health systems.

Prostate cancer incidence and predictions: Observational Study (Monastir, Tunisia: 2002-2030)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bannour ◽  
I Zemni ◽  
C Ben Nasrallah ◽  
N Aroua ◽  
M Kacem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Crude Incidence ◽  
The Future ◽  
Spss Software

Abstract Introduction Cancer is an eminent public health issue in the developing countries. The risk factors incriminated in cancer higher incidence are multiple such as the growing population rates, increasing tobacco consumption, the changes of diet and lifestyle. In Tunisia, there are three population-based cancer registries at the present time providing data on cancer incidence and survival. According to the data published by WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IACR) (GLOBOCAN 2018), prostate cancer in Tunisia ranks fifth among cancers with almost 819 new cases per year. The aim of this study was to we report trends in the cancer incidence during the span of time between 2002 and 2013 from the population-based cancer registry of the centre of Tunisia, and to predict the future number of cancer cases by 2030. Methods The cancer incidence data were collected from the Center cancer registries from 2003 to 2012.The data were stratified by cancer site, sex and age. We used SPSS software in order to calculate the crude incidence rates and age-standardized incidence rates. SPSS software was used in order to estimate the future number of cancer cases by 2030. Results A total of 725 cases of prostate cancer were enregistrated. The mean age of patients was 71.6 ±10.61years. The crude incidence rates were estimated 23.537. The standardized incidence rate was 33.92. A significant positive trend was noted with a b = 0133 and p &lt; 10-3. 1033 new cases are predicted by 2030 Conclusions The data of the cancer register of the center shows that the incidence of cancer is rising, and it is consistent with the National cancer intelligence, but some cancer incidence showed slightly higher, such as thyroid cancer and prostate cancer. In order to face this alarming situation, many preventive steps should be done such as strengthening early screening and diagnosis of cancer, improving clinical research in order to better control the risks factors. Key messages Prediction of the future number of cancer cases is of great interest to society. Prostate cancer in Tunisia ranks fifth among cancers.

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