scholarly journals The Impact of Independent Directors’ Performance on Corporate Performance<br/>—Based on the Regulatory Role of Human Capital

iBusiness ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-47
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Zaohua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Independent Directors ◽  
The Impact

Could CSR improve the financial performance of developing countries’ firms? Analyses of mediating effect of intangible resources

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hamdoun ◽  
Mohamed Akli Achabou ◽  
Sihem Dekhili
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intangible Resources ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to examine the link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and financial performance in the context of developing countries. More specifically, the mediating role of a firm’s competitive advantage and intangible resources, namely, human capital and reputation are studied. Design/methodology/approach The study considered a sample of 100 Tunisian firms. The analysis makes use of the structural equation modelling method to explore the relationship between CSR and financial performance, by including mediator variables. Findings The results confirm that CSR has no significant direct effect on financial performance. In particular, they indicate that the social dimension of CSR has a negative impact on performance. However, CSR does have a positive impact on competitive advantage via the two intangible resources considered, human capital and company reputation. Research limitations/implications The research fills a gap that occurred in the previous literature. In effect, previous studies focussed only on the direct link between CSR and financial performance. In addition, it enriches the limited literature on CSR strategies in the context of developing countries. However, further studies should explore the opposite relationship, i.e. the impact of financial performance on CSR strategy. In addition, the authors believe that amongst other potential research avenues, it would be interesting to study the moderating role of the activity sector. Practical implications From a practical point of view, this study suggests new applications with respect to the link between CSR and financial performance. To enhance their company’s financial performance, managers need to ensure that intangible resources are managed efficiently. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature by examining how a firm’s intangible resources mediate between CSR and competitive advantage and how competitive advantage mediates between intangible resources and financial performance. Second originality is related to the study of the link between CSR and the financial performance of business organisations in the context of a developing country.

Human capital assessment model based on a single digital platformof scientific and educational resources

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-120
Author(s):  
Viktor Medennikov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Education ◽  
The Impact

The article substantiates the need to re-evaluate the role of human capital in the development of society in the digital age. Since high-quality education is the main direction of the formation of human capital in any country, the importance of creating an information space for scientific and educational institutions is demonstrated. A methodology for assessing the level of human capital on the basis of information scientific and educational resources is proposed. The author presents results of calculations obtained by this method on the example of agricultural educational institutions and a mathematical model for assessing the impact of human capital on the socio-economic situation of the regions.

scholarly journals Remote work and human capital: new challenges and threats (international experience)

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Burov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Creative Abilities ◽  
The Impact

Keywords: human capital, remote work, cybersecurity, workforce, digital economics The article considers the role of human capital in the transitionto the remote work. The analysis of world changes in the field of safe and effectiveuse of digital business environment and qualification of workforce in the conditions ofgrowth of remote work is carried out. The analysis was conducted in the following areas:general features of the digitalizing in crisis and innovation, a new paradigm of business«Data is the new gold», the organization of the workforce in the transition to teleworking,the priorities of today's professions, the problems of cybersecurity in teleworking. It has been articulated that the main requirements for the today’s workforce are intellectualand creative abilities, competence in the field of creation and use of ICT, bigdata (data science, data mining, data analytics) and artificial intelligence, the role ofwhich has grown even more due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The human component ofintellectual capital (in the form of knowledge, skills and competencies, as well as intellectualand creative abilities) is gaining new importance in the digital economy.The analysis of relationship of the crisis and innovation made on the basis of the ClarivateDerwent report has demonstrated the impact of the pandemic on the global lifecycle of research and innovation projects in the first half of 2020, namely that COVID-19violated innovation strategy of the innovative leaders worldwide. The analysis hasdemonstrated: in the new conditions of accelerated digitalization, ingenuity and speed ofdecision-making and innovation are needed more than ever. These priorities will affectthe world economy in the coming year.Special attention in analysis has been paid to the new business paradigm related touse and role of data. It was highlighted that digitization generates vast amounts of datathat offer many opportunities for business, human well-being, and the environment. As aresult, new capabilities and opportunities arise for business with the ecosystem of cooperationand partnership, as well as collaboration of stakeholders.The core of changes in digitalization is reskilling and upskilling of the workforce accountingnew workplaces and new requirements for them. It is recognized that talentmanagement and creative people selection can be the main engine in future transformationof economics, and workforce becomes an effective pole for investments. At the sametime, it is argued that remote worker is outside the scope of corporate protection, and virtuallyany production information, like human capital, becomes much more vulnerablein such conditions and requires appropriate cybersecurity methods.As a conclusion, it is articulated that the ability of companies to use big data is beginningto play a significant role in the economy, which in turn requires the involvementand training of data processing and analysis specialists. The direction of professions thatis being actively formed recently — data science — is one of the most priority in the labormarket. At the same time, the labor market needs skills and abilities in the field of interpersonalcommunication (soft skills), which are able to ensure the effective operation ofpeople and systems of hybrid intelligence «human-artificial intelligence».For the further research it has been recommended a comprehensive study of protectionof objects and subjects of intellectual property in open networks.

scholarly journals The Impact of Investment in Human Capital on the Exports of Goods and Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-192
Author(s):  
Samina Siddique ◽  
Zafar Mahmood ◽  
Shabana Noureen
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Impact

With the growth of services economy worldwide, it has become essential for policymakers to comprehend the export competitiveness of nations to identify offshore export locations or alternatively offer their own sites as an exporting location. Human capital investment is considered as a key component in attracting foreign countries for outsourcing purposes. Earlier studies have shown mixed role of human capital investment on off shoring activities. This study assesses the effects of control variables (business environment, wages and IT infrastructure) and human capital investment on export of goods and services from the selected Asian outsourcing countries. Panel Estimated Generalized Least Square (EGLS) technique is used with country weights to specifically overcome the problem of autocorrelation. Empirical findings show that investment in human capital is significant for both goods and services exports. We found a large impact of human capital investment on exports of goods and services in selected Asian countries as compared to selected developed countries. Empirical findings further suggest that human capital is more essential for export of goods than export of services. From these findings, the study draws important implications for policymaking in countries who intend to offer themselves as an attractive location for exporting and for those who intend to locate their production activities overseas.

Can We Improve the Impact of Microfinance?

2019 ◽  
pp. 403-430
Author(s):  
Robert Lensink ◽  
Erwin Bulte
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
End Users ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Group Lending ◽  
Business Training ◽  
Joint Liability ◽  
Credit Contracts ◽  
The Impact

By surveying the latest literature, this chapter aims to contribute to the recent discussion on the successes and failures of microfinance. We argue that the question “does microfinance work?” is neither important nor informative. What matters is knowing when, and in which conditions, microfinance works—and for whom. We claim that the answers to these questions depend on the details of the microcredit contract as well as on the range of services that microfinance institutions provide (including non-financial ones). We point at two important reasons why the impact of several microcredit programs is lower than expected: (1) the rigidness of credit contracts, and (2) the human capital of end-users. As reforming contract terms and building human capital via business training and technical assistance are costly, we argue that perhaps subsidies are needed. We focus on studies dealing with end-users, and pay specific attention to the evolving discussion on group lending and the role of joint liability to reduce asymmetric information problems and improve repayment rates. We also discuss the literature focusing on the recent shift of several microfinance institutions to individual lending, and the related trend toward commercialization of microfinance.

The role of high-performance work system and human capital in enhancing job performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Imran ◽  
Tariq Mohammed Salih Atiya
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work System ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
High Performance Work System ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe aim of the current research is to examine how job performance is affected by high-performance work system (HPWS) and human capital. Furthermore, the research focuses on exploring the mediating role played by human capital in HPWS and job performance relationship.Design/methodology/approachData was collected from service sector employees. A sample of 400 respondents was selected from the chosen population using purposive sampling.FindingsThe results reveal that HPWS and human capital positively and significantly affect job performance. The impact of HPWS in creating human capital was also supported. The research also hypothesized mediating role played by human capital in HPWS and job performance relationship, and it was partially supported.Originality/valueRecent literature is evident of the relationship between performance and HPWS; however, the mechanism between these variables is still unclear (Demirbag et al., 2014). There is a need of identifying the factors that strengthen this relationship. The current research is an attempt to fill this gap by examining the effect of HPWS on job performance. Furthermore, it explores the role played by human capital in strengthening the connection of HPWS and job performance.

scholarly journals The Impact of Labor Migration on Human Capital Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Grebeniyk ◽  
Ivan Aleshkovski ◽  
Anastasiya Maksimova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Destination Country ◽  
International Level ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

The growing role of labor migrationis one of the most notabletrendsininternational migrationflows.Thismigration has become an important factor ineconomic development and a source of the increasing interdependence of countries and regions intoday’sglobalizedworld. It impactsmigrants’ country of origin as well as the destination country, chiefly affecting human capital in both groups of nations.This article systematizesthe positive and negative effects of labor migration focusing on humancapitalwhile suggesting asystem of indicators characterizing such effects.Special attention is paid to the analysis of policies related to suchmigration. This study explains how countries of origin and destination must carry outeffective and fair managementof labor migrationto make the most of itsbenefits at an international level.

scholarly journals Education of population for the future and the future of education

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85
Author(s):  
Biljana Jovanovic-Gavrilovic ◽  
Biljana Radivojevic
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Of Education ◽  
The Impact

The key to the future of any country in the modern world lies in the knowledge, skills and talent of its population. This gives a special importance to education through which human capital is created as an important component of national wealth. Different methods of measuring human capital are found in literature. There is a well-known division into monetary and non-monetary methods, with the latter being specifically addressed in the article. Education plays an important role in achieving sustainable development. Through education, knowledge about sustainable development is acquired while human resources that are capable and willing to achieve this development are created. Education, just like sustainable development, has a long-time perspective. In both cases, the interests of the future are respected when making decisions in the present. The impact of education on sustainable development is manifested through all three of its dimensions ? economic, social and environmental. The key role of education for achieving sustainable development has been globally recognized and embedded in relevant United Nations documents, including a new global development agenda by 2030, focusing on the Sustainable Development Goals, of which Objective 4 explicitly refers to education. The European Union also pays considerable attention to education for the future in the context of the commitment of its members to achieve sustainable development. Serbia, at least declaratively, follows it, given the orientation of the country to join this regional integration. The future of education is under the strong influence of global mega trends, especially the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which strongly influences the world of work and the necessary knowledge and skills. During the earlier industrial revolutions, it took several decades to build appropriate education and training systems, but there is no time for that now. Changes must be anticipated, and reactions should be quick. The quality of educational systems of countries around the world and their preparedness for the challenges of the new age can be evaluated on the basis of the results of the Program for International Student Assessment ? PISA, the most important research in the field of education, which, under the auspices of the OECD, tests the knowledge and skills of fifteen-year-olds, and relying on the composite indicator introduced by the World Economic Forum ? Global Human Capital Index (GHCI). The results for Serbia are generally discouraging, but in some segments, they point to the country?s hidden potentials that should be activated. Education represents the development opportunity of Serbia at the threshold of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. As a small and economically country, Serbia should not remain at the margin of events, in the role of a passive observer. On the contrary, through adapting its education system to the demands of time by adequate financial and institutional support, thus improving human capital of the people, Serbia can find its place in a changing labor market and create preconditions for dynamic and sustainable economic development.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF HOTELS' TRAINING ON OVERNIGHTS, REGIONAL GROWTH AND EMPLOYMENT

2015 ◽  
pp. 213-222
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Human Capital Investment ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Hotel Performance ◽  
The Impact

The role of human capital and, more specifically, the role of on the job training, has been widely analysed in the economic literature. Moreover, in the field of hospitality and tourism some studies focus on the relationship between training and hotel performance. This paper goes beyond this goal. It analyses the role of training on the hotel occupancy but, furthermore, it measures the impact of this human capital investment on the growth of a region, measured in terms of production, added value and employment. It combines both, microeconomic data from a database of two hundred hotels and the macro perspective of the Balearic Input-Output table, allowing measurement of the positive externalities that human capital investment in the hotel sector generates through the rest of the economy. Results show a positive and significant impact on potential growth and employment that goes beyond the strictly tourism-related sectors. In terms of policy recommendations, this work gives meaning to the promotion of public policies encouraging training practices at hotel level.

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