scholarly journals Effect of Potash addition on groundnut oil yield and quality of kulikuli (fried groundnut cake)

Agrosearch ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
M.A. Balogun ◽  
O.R. Karim ◽  
O.A. Akintayo ◽  
A.T. Oyeyinka ◽  
F.L. Kolawole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Fried groundnut cake, popularly called kulikuli, is obtained by frying the cake obtained from groundnut oil extraction. Addition of potash during defatting of groundnut is believed to increase oil yield and improve kulikuli quality, but there is little or no scientific information explaining this. This study investigated the yield, physical and chemical properties of oil extracted from groundnut with the addition of potash at 0.16, 0.32, 0.48 and 0.64%. The proximate and sensory attributes of the kulikuli produced were also determined. Groundnut yield increased from 14% to 27% with increasing addition of potash, presumably due to the emulsifying properties of potash. Potash addition significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the refractive indices, percentage impurity and colour of the oil samples. Oil extracted without potash had the lowest iodine value (85.12 mg/100 g), saponification value (202.2 mg KOH/g), acid value (6.46 mgKOH/g) and peroxide value (5.66 meq/Kg). The kulikuli had moisture in the range of 1.45 - 3.00%; carbohydrate, 20.6 - 40.4%; protein, 30.5 - 40.8%; ash, 4.45 - 5.05%; and fat, 23.5 - 30.6%. Kulikuli sample without potash was the most preferred based on taste and aroma while sample with 0.64% potash was the most preferred based on crunchiness, colour, breakability and overall acceptability. The study confirmed the hypothesis that potash addition during extraction of oil and production of kulikuli increases oil yield and some of the quality attributes of the kulikuli. Keywords: Groundnut, potash, oil yield, kulikuli, quality attributes

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Coffee Oil From Instant-Coffee Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Fahmi Alif Utama Harahap ◽  
Heru Heru ◽  
Yuli Darni ◽  
Simparmin Br. Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Instant Coffee ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
Coffee Oil ◽  
Economic Stabilization ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The higher demands of fossil energy usage are currently imbalance to its reserves. This issue will give a potency of fossil fuel scarcity that contributes on rising of its cost and disturbing economic stabilization in the future. It is desirable to find another resource which is sustainable and renewable to reduce the dependency on this resource. This study aimed to utilize the oil from instant coffee waste as biodiesel feedstocks. The coffee oil was extracted from instant-coffee waste by Soxhlet extractor and characterized its physical and chemical properties. The solvent extraction through the solid bed of coffee ground performed by five cycles interval using n-hexane as a solvent. Separation processing oil from its hydrocarbon solvent was in a rotary vacuum evaporator and the oil extract collected for further purposes. There was about 17.6% (on a dry weight basis) of coffee oil gained on 20 cycles of extraction. Analysis regarding its physicochemical properties reported that the crude oil has 0.89 g/mL of density, 43.82 mm2/s of kinematic viscosity, 44.47 mg KOH/g of acid value, and 176.40 mg KOH/g of saponification value. The fatty acids composition of the oil provided by GC-MS analyzer showed that unsaturated fatty acids contained, observed as trans-fatty acids rather than cis-fatty acids.

scholarly journals A binary solvent for the simultaneous Calophyllum oil-resin extraction and purification

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ika Amalia Kartika ◽  
Oky Tresia Ordian Bernia ◽  
Illah Sailah ◽  
Tirto Prakoso ◽  
Yohanes Aris Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Extraction And Purification

Sustainable biodiesel production can be realised by the use of a low-cost feedstock, efficient energy and renewable raw materials. The simultaneous Calophyllum oil-resin extraction and its purification using a binary solvent (n-hexane mixed with alcohol) were examined to meet those aspects. The extraction conditions effect was investigated to determine the optimal oil yield and quality. n-Hexane mixed with alcohol was extracted and purified effectively the oil from Calophyllum seeds. The oil yield and its quality were mainly affected by the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio. The oil yield enhanced as the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio enlarged from 1:1 to 2.5:1. The acid value and density of the oil improved as the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio declined from 2.5:1 to 1:1. The n-Hexane-to-alcohol ratio of 2.5:1 provided the best yield (59%) of the oil extracted at 40°C for 5 hours. The oil presented its best quality at 0.893 g·cm<sup>–3</sup> of density, 41.0 mPa·s of viscosity, 8.8 mg KOH·g<sup>–1</sup> of the acid value, 88.3 g per 100 g of the iodine value, &lt; 1% of moisture content and &lt; 0.04% of ash content. The oil also had an inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF ETHOXYLATED GLYCEROL MONOOLEATE AS PALM OIL BASED NONIONIC SURFACTANTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indri Badria Adilina ◽  
Egi Agustian ◽  
Yenny Meliana ◽  
Anny Sulaswatty
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Alkaline Catalyst ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Glycerol Monooleate

Palm oil based nonionic surfactants were synthesized by reacting glycerol monooleate with ethylene oxide at 80 ºC in the prescence of an alkaline catalyst. Purification of the products was conducted by use of acetic acid and black carbon which gave ethoxylated products (EGMO) with a higher level of viscocity and greater solubility in water. Physical and chemical properties of the product such as surface activity, cloud point, acid value, ester value, hydroxyl value, and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance was also determined and results varied depending on the reagent molar ratio. The synthesized EGMO were soluble in water and therefore show potential use as surface active agents in personal care and cosmetic products.Keywords:   nonionic surfactant, ethoxylation, glycerol monooleate, palm oil

scholarly journals Effect of Clonal Variation on Oil Content and Oil Properties of Calophyllum inophyllum L: A Multi Purpose Tree

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
R. Anandalakshmi ◽  
V. Sivakumar ◽  
A. Vijayaraghavan ◽  
K. Suresh Kumar ◽  
C. Rajesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Clonal Variation ◽  
Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Apparent Variation ◽  
Edible Seed

Calophyllum inophyllum is a potential source of non-edible seed oil. Calophyllum oil is used as a biofuel and also for medicinal purposes. At the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore carried out a study in 2019, on five different clones of C. inophyllum  to investigate the effect of clonal variabilty on oil yield and oil physico-chemical properties for use as a biofuel. Oil yield significantly varied among the five clones and ranged from 48.6% to 55.8%. Among the physical properties, except Kinematic Viscosity, Specific Gravity and Refractive Index, the properties such as Flash point, Fire point, Pour point and Cloud point did not vary significantly. However, all the chemical properties studied, such as Acid value, Saponification value, Iodine value and Peroxide value showed apparent variation. From the study it could be derived that clone 15 is more suitable as tree crop for biofuel purpose and the variations among the clones indicate prevalence of scope for tree improvement of C. inophyllum for specific use.

scholarly journals The Beneficial Effects of Biofertilizers for `Red Roomy' Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.): 2. The Effect of Berry Set, Yield, and Quality of Berries

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 487D-487
Author(s):  
A.M. Akl ◽  
F.F. Ahmed ◽  
F.M. El-Morsy ◽  
M.A. Ragab
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Active Dry Yeast ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Berry Set ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The positive influence of fertilizing `Red Roomy' grapevines with four biofertilizers (active dry yeast, phosphorene, rhizobacterium, and nitrobein) on berry set and productivity was investigated during 1995 and 1996. The improvement occurred in berry set and yield, as well as physical and chemical properties in vines treated with the four biofertilizers in the following ascending order: active dry yeast, nitrobein, rhizobacterium, and phosphorene. Highly significant differences in characters were observed between treated and untreated vines. The best results with regard to yield and quality of berries was obtained in `Red Roomy' vines biofertilized with phosphorene or rhizobacterium.

scholarly journals Effect of Pruning Intensities on the Performance of Fruit Plants under Mid-Hill Condition of Eastern Himalayas: Case Study on Guava

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupankar Bhagawati ◽  
Kaushik Bhagawati ◽  
Vijay Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Deep Jyoti Rajkhowa ◽  
Rupjyoti Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Eastern Himalayas ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Current study was undertaken to highlight the effect of pruning on improving vigor of old orchards and increasing performance in terms of fruit yield and quality under water and nutrient stressed condition of mid hills of Eastern Himalaya. Guava was taken for the case study and all the physical and chemical properties of the fruits and other attributes of plant were evaluated using standard methods under three pruning intensities (light, moderate and severe) and no pruning. The emergence of bud was earliest in severe pruning, number of buds per shoot was highest with light pruning and cumulative lengths of new shoots were found to be highest in severe pruning. Fruit yield, size and weight were found to increase with pruning intensities and lowest in case of no pruning. Regarding chemical properties, total soluble solids and total sugar found to increase with enhanced pruning severity and least in case of no pruning. Acidity was found to be highest with no pruning and decrease with increase in pruning intensities. Overall pruning found to have rejuvenating impact on aged trees due to better light interception leading to better photosynthetic rate, better nutrient and water supply with reduced canopy and better quality yields.

scholarly journals Effect of Bran Roasting Temperature and Time on Yield and Quality Attributes of Rice Bran Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
James Abiodun Adeyanjua ◽  
Emmanuel Adedapo Akande ◽  
Rahman Akinoso
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Peroxide Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Roasting Temperature

The effects of bran roasting temperature (160-200) °C and time (5-35 min) on the yield and quality attributes of 'Ofada' rice bran oil were studied so as to optimize the processing conditions for maximum oil yield with least deterioration of qualities. The physico-chemical parameters of oil studied included: yield, free fatty acids, peroxide value and colour, which were recorded as 14.50%, 5.80% (as oleic), 8.25 meq / kg and 1.51 abs, respectively. The optimum conditions were 200 °C roasting temperature and 15 min roasting time. With increasing the roasting temperature from 160-200 °C and the time 5-35 min, the oil yield and colour increased 11.31-14.50% and 1.51-1.58 abs, respectively, while free fatty acid and peroxide values decreased from 12.75-5.80% and 13.75-8.25 meq / kg, respectively.

scholarly journals Chemical characterisation of commonly used dietary oils in broiler production

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
T. V. Abokede ◽  
O. A. Ogunwole ◽  
O. O. Tewe
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Dietary Oils ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Dietary Oil ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study was conducted to characterize different dietary oils commonly used in broiler chicken production. Soybean oil (SYO), Palm-kernel oil (PKO), Sheabutter (SHO), Coconut oil (CO) and Groundnut oil (GNO) were each assayed for their physical and chemical characteristics using standard procedures. The CO had higher (P<0.05) saponification value (14.55mg/KOH) compared to SHO (60.80mg/KOH), which was lowest. ThePKO had significantly higher (P<0.05) acid value (mgKOH/g) (3.65), comparedwithSHO(0.90). The GNOhad the highest (18.08) for iodine value while PKO (4.71). Peroxide value was highest (P<0.05) in PKO (76.73) and lowest in SYO (4.98). Fatty acid profile was significantly affected by dietary oil sources. The SYBO was higher (P<0.05) in arachidonic acid (2.25) compared with CO (0.07) while Linoleic acid was highest in CO (19.72) compared to GNO (18.05) that had the lowest value. Linolenic acid concentration was higher in GNO (3.14) than SHO (0.16). The CO (8345.06±57.79) had the highest levelof totalcarotene compared withSHO (1550.26 ±12.43) while GNO was highest in .45) content while PKO was lowest (25.59 ± 0.35).The different oils have variedinherent chemical compositionswhichwhen deployed as ingredient,may have different impact on performance of broiler chickens

scholarly journals The Influence of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties on Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Growth, Yield and Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loriana Cardone ◽  
Donato Castronuovo ◽  
Michele Perniola ◽  
Laura Scrano ◽  
Nunzia Cicco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Crocus Sativus L ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Soil physical and chemical properties play a central role in plant growth, influencing the availability of air, nutrients, and water. The aim of this two-year study was to evaluate the effect of soil texture and chemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, organic matter, total, and active lime) on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) growth, yield, and quality. Corms were planted in pots filled with seven different soil textures obtained mixing an increasing quantity (33% and 66%) of sand to a clay soil (S1) and to a clay loam soil (S2) compared to a full (100%) sandy soil as a control (S7). A randomized complete block design comprising of seven pots with different types of soil (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, and S7) replicated three times was used. The results showed that the highest flower number (320.3 n m−2), stigma yield (2.0 g m−2), daughter corm production (7.9 kg m−2), and horizontal diameter (3.1 cm) were derived from S3 and S4 soils. These were characterized by a loam and sandy-loam texture, not very calcareous, with a sub-alkaline and neutral pH, low electrical conductivity, a content of organic matter between 5.46 and 8.67 g kg−1, and a content of active lime between 21.25 and 26.25 g kg−1. According to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) references, although all spice samples belonged to the first qualitative category, S1, S3, and S2 soils recorded the highest value for coloring power (290.5, 289.1, and 287.6 A1%1cm 440 nm, respectively). The highest values of bittering (109.2 A1%1cm 257 nm) and aromatic (26.6 A1%1cm 330 nm) power were reached by S3 soil. Positive correlations were found both between color with clay and organic matter, and aroma with total calcium carbonate. In conclusion, the assessment of soil conditions is particularly important to obtain the best saffron performance in terms of stigma and daughter corms yield as well as spice qualitative traits.

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