scholarly journals Effet du temps de chauffage des graines de palmier à huile (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) sur quelques métabolites au cours du processus de la germination

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3202-3213
Author(s):  
Martine Manéhonon Beugré ◽  
François Kouakou Yao Konan ◽  
Salomé Edwige Sopie Yapo ◽  
Eugène Kouakou Konan ◽  
Justin Yatty Kouadio
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Palmier À Huile ◽  
Composés Phénoliques ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Activités Enzymatiques

Pour une bonne disponibilité des graines germées sélectionnées et dans un court délai, une technique de "germination par chaleur sèche" modifiée a été initiée. À cet effet les graines ont été traitées à différentes durées de chauffage. Les dosages des polyphénoloxydases (PPO), de la phénylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), des composés phénoliques totaux et des protéines ont été réalisés pour 40, 60 et 80 jours à 40 oC. Les résultats obtenus au niveau des albumens sont négligeables. Chez les embryons, les activités enzymatiques et la teneur des protéines ont diminué avec l’augmentation de la durée de chauffage avec respectivement de 177,7 à 35,07 DO/min/g M.S pour les PPO, de 928,54 à 334 mM d’acide cinnamique/min/g M.S pour la PAL et de 92,4 à 50,73 mg/M.S pour les protéines. Quant aux teneurs phénoliques, elles sont significativement plus faibles pour 60 jours (20,64 mg/g M.S). Une durée de chauffage de 40 jours, avec un pourcentage de germination de 49,2%, a entrainé de fortes activités enzymatiques et de fortes teneurs en protéines et en composés phénoliques comparativement à 60 jours (66,3%) et 80 jours (63,73%). Le métabolisme observé varie selon la durée de chauffage.Mots clés : Traitement, durée de chauffage, polyphénoloxydases, phénylalanine ammonia-lyase, composés phénoliques, protéines. English Title: Effect of heating time of oil palm seeds (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) On some metabolites during the germination processFor a good availability of the selected germinated seeds and within a short time, a modified'''' germination by dry heat'' technique was initiated. For this purpose the seeds were treated at different heating times.  Determinations of polyphenoloxidases (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), total phenolic compounds and proteins were performed for 40, 60 and 80 days at 40 oC. The results obtained with albumens are  negligible. In embryos, enzymatic activities and protein content decreased with increasing heating time, with respectively 177.7 to 35.07 DO/min/g M.S for PPOs, 928.54 to 334 mM cinnamic acid/min/g M.S for PAL and 92.4 to 50.73 mg/M.S for proteins. Phenolic levels are significantly lower for 60 days (20.64 mg/g M.S.). A 40-day heating period, with a germination rate of 49.2%, resulted in high enzymatic activity and high levels of protein and phenolic compounds compared to 60 days (66.3%) and 80 days (63.73%). The observed metabolism varies according to the duration of heatKeywords: Treatment, heating time, polyphenoloxidases, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, phenolic compounds, proteins. 

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds Extraction of Arbutus unedo L.: Process Intensification by Microwave Pretreatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostinho M. R. C. Alexandre ◽  
Ana A. Matias ◽  
Maria Rosário Bronze ◽  
Maria Jose Cocero ◽  
Rafael Mato
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Kinetic Evaluation ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Arbutus Unedo ◽  
Short Time

Arbutus unedo L., commonly known as the strawberry-tree fruit, is an endemic species of the Mediterranean flora. Microwave extraction technology has been considered as a fast and “green” method for the production of extracts rich in bioactive compounds, although the energy consumption is high. To overcome this bottleneck, microwave was used as a pretreatment procedure in short time periods. This technique promotes the burst of intracellular vacuoles leading to an increase in the lixiviation of phenolic compounds. Different approaches were tested, namely a solvent-free irradiation (SFI), a solvent-assisted irradiation (SAI) and a pressurized solvent-assisted irradiation (PSAI). After irradiation, a solid–liquid extraction procedure was performed using a mixture of water and ethanol. A kinetic evaluation of the total phenolic content (TPC) was performed using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. For the total anthocyanin content, a UV-spectrophotometric method was used. HPLC-UV and LC-MS were used for TPC and identification of present compounds. Microwave irradiation led to an increase in TPC of extracts after SAI (52%) and PSAI (66%) along with a reduction in time of extraction from 30 min to less than 2 min. The anthocyanin content also increased by 66% for the SAI and PSAI extractions.

scholarly journals Defensive reactions of apple cultivars Angold and HL 1834 after fungal infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schovánková ◽  
H. Opatová
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Monilinia Fructigena ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Defensive Reactions ◽  
Apple Cultivars

Apple cultivars (Malus domestica Borkh.) were inoculated with a significant apple fruit fungal pathogen, Monilinia fructigena Honey ex Whetzel. Defensive reactions, especially enzyme activity and production of phenolic compounds, were compared. Changes of phenolic content and activity of phenylalanine-ammonia lyase (PAL) were determined 7, 14 and 21 days after the inoculation. Progress of rotting was similar for both cultivars at first but defensive reactions were different. The increase of phenolic compounds was observed; their concentration and composition were influenced by location in the fruit. A very good correlation was found between the activity of phenylalanine-ammonia lyase and total phenolic content.

scholarly journals Germinated Buckwheat: Effects of Dehulling on Phenolics Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Buckwheat Seeds

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Andrej Živković ◽  
Tomaž Polak ◽  
Blaž Cigić ◽  
Tomaž Požrl
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The aim was to investigate the effects of the cold dehulling of buckwheat seeds on their germination, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA) and phenolics composition. Cold dehulling had no negative effects on germination rate and resulted in faster rootlet growth compared to hulled seeds. Although the dehulling of the seeds significantly decreased TPC and AA, the germination of dehulled seeds resulted in 1.8-fold and 1.9-fold higher TPC and AA compared to hulled seeds. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry identified several phenolic compounds in free and bound forms. Rutin was the major compound in hulled seeds (98 µg/g dry weight), orientin and vitexin in 96-h germinated dehulled seeds (2205, 1869 µg/g dry weight, respectively). During germination, the increases in the major phenolic compounds were around two orders of magnitude, which were greater than the increases for TPC and AA. As well as orientin and vitexin, high levels of other phenolic compounds were detected for dehulled germinated seeds (e.g., isoorientin, rutin; 1402, 967 µg/g dry weight, respectively). These data show that dehulled germinated seeds of buckwheat have great potential for use in functional foods as a dietary source of phenolic compounds with health benefits.

scholarly journals Changes in the phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in Prosopis glandulosa treated with cadmium and copper

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 1465-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL GONZÁLEZ-MENDOZA ◽  
ROSALBA TRONCOSO-ROJAS ◽  
TANIA GONZALEZ-SOTO ◽  
ONECIMO GRIMALDO-JUAREZ ◽  
CARLOS CECEÑA-DURAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Prosopis Glandulosa ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Lyase Activity ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase Activity

scholarly journals Allelopathy of Invasive Species Dioscorea bulbifera L. and Its Effect on Seed Germination of Shorea selanica (Lam.) Blume

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Ade Ayu Oksari ◽  
Irvan Fadli Wanda ◽  
Gladys Ayu Paramita Kusumah Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Tuber Extract

AbstrakDioscorea bulbifera L. (Dioscoreaceae) merupakan salah satu tanaman invasif yang menciptakan masalah lingkungan. D bulbifera mengandung alelopati yang memengaruhi proses fisiologis pada spesies lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh alelopati berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak daun dan umbi D. bulbifera L. terhadap perkecambahan biji Shorea selanica (Lam.) Blume. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan sepuluh perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak D. bulbifera 25, 50, 75, 100%, dan kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil uji skrining fitokimia, semua metabolit sekunder dalam ekstrak daun menunjukkan hasil yang positif. Senyawa golongan saponin, tanin, flavonoid, dan steroid/terpenoid terdeteksi dengan kuat sedangkan senyawa alkaloid kurang kuat. Senyawa fenol tersebut adalah fenol, 1,2-benzenediol (dalam ekstrak daun) dan fenol, 1,2-benzendiol, 1,4-benzendiol, dan 2-metoksifenol (dalam ekstrak umbi). Berdasarkan uji perkecambahan, ekstrak metanol umbi dan daun D. bulbifera berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya kecambah, koefisien kecepatan berkecambah, dan koefisien keserempakan berkecambah S. selanica. Konsentrasi yang menurunkan viabilitas biji terendah adalah pada konsentrasi 75% dan 100% dengan rata-rata daya kecambah 10,00 ± 6,32 % (pada ektrak umbi) dan 0,00 ± 6,32 % (pada ektrak daun). AbstractDioscorea bulbifera L. (Dioscoreaceae) is one of the most unutilized invasive plants. This plant contains allelopathy that affects the physiological process of native species. This study aimed to discover the type of allelochemical in D. bulbifera and its effect on seed germination of Shorea selanica (Lam.) Blume. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design with ten treatments and three replications. The treatment given was the different concentration of D. bulbifera extract of 25, 50, 75, 100%, and control. Based on phytochemical screening tests, saponin, tannin, flavonoid, and steroid/terpenoid compounds were detected in leaf and tuber extract. The total phenolic in leaf extract was more significant than that in the tuber extract of D. bulbifera but the type of phenolic compounds was lower. The phenolic compounds were phenol, 1,2-benzenediol (in leaf extracts) and phenol, 1,2-benzendiol, 1,4-benzendiol, and 2-methoxyphenol (in tuber extracts). Based on the germination test, it was found that the methanol extract from the tubers and leaf of D. bulbifera significantly affected the germination capacity, coefficient rate of germination, and simultaneity coefficient of germination of S. selanica. It was found that treatment of concentration of 75% and 100% resulted in the lowest seed viability reduction with an average germination rate of 10.00 ± 6.32% (in tuber extracts) and 0.00 ± 6.32% (in leaf extracts).

scholarly journals Relation entre l'évolution de la teneur en composés phénoliques et en acides gras des boutures de vigne et leur aptitude a la rhizogénèse

OENO One ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Gérard Darné ◽  
Durmus Atalay
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Acides Gras ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Composés Phénoliques

<p style="text-align: justify;">Des boutures d'Ugni blanc et de 41 B ont été plantées en pots. Les teneurs en composés phénoliques totaux, en leucoanthocyanes et en acides gras de leurs parties aérienne et souterraine ont été déterminées séparément le jour de la plantation, le jour de l'apparition des racines, et dix jours plus tard. Des différences importantes, qui semblent en relation avec l'aptitude au bouturage très différente de ces deux variétés, ont été mises en évidence dans l'évolution des composés biochimiques étudiés.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cuttings of white Ugni and 41 B were planted in pots. The contents of total phenolic compounds, leucoanthocyanins and fatty acids in their above ground and under ground parts were determined separately on the day of planting, the day when roots appeared and ten days later. Important differences, which seem to be in relation to the very different capacity of these two varieties for shooting suckers, were revealed in the evolution of the biochemical compounds studied.</p>

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Petkova ◽  
Manol Ognyanov ◽  
Blaga Inyutin ◽  
Petar Zhelev ◽  
Panteley Denev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Malus Baccata

Crab apple (Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.) was mainly distributed in Europe as an ornamental plant, but the nutritional properties of its edible fruits were not fully revealed. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of ripen carb apple fruits and to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant potentials. The fruits were assayed for moisture and ash content, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds and natural pigments. Among the analyzed carbohydrates cellulose was found in the highest content (6% dw), followed by sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and 1.8 % dw uronic acids. The total chlorophylls and carotenoids contents in their fruits were 6.51 and 4.80 μg/g fw, respectively. Total monomeric anthocyanins were not detected. The highest content of total phenolic compounds (2.67 mg GAE/g fw) was found in 95 % ethanol extract from fruits, while the total flavonoids were relatively low – 0.1 mg QE/g fw. DPPH assay (17.27 mM TE/g fw) and FRAP assay (14.34 mM TE/g fw) demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activities of crabapple. Malus baccata fruits were evaluated as a rich source of dietary fibers and phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant potential that could be used in human nutrition.

Survey of Chinese Cowpea Cultivars for Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-348
Author(s):  
Bai Zhouya ◽  
Huang Xiaojun ◽  
Meng Jinxia ◽  
Kan Lijiao ◽  
Nie Shaoping
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
P Distribution

Distribution of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities was surveyed in 24 varieties of Chinese cowpea from 4 provinces. Identity of phytochemicals were determined by UPLC-ESIQTOF-MS/MS and quantified by HPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS. Seven phenolic acids, 16 flavonoids and 9 other compounds were identified and several of these were quantified. Quercetin-3-glucoside and kaempferol-glucoside were the major phenolic compounds. In addition, our study indicated that OJYDH cultivar from Jiangxi province had the highest total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and stronger antioxidant activities than other cowpea cultivars. This study made a comprehensive investigation on antioxidants from cowpea and provided the useful data to support its function.

Microwave Pretreatment of Vegetable Materials to Increase the Extraction Yield of Natural Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1976-1979
Author(s):  
Ioana Asofiei ◽  
Ioan Calinescu ◽  
Adina Ionuta Gavrila ◽  
Daniel Ighigeanu ◽  
Diana Martin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Time ◽  
Conventional Extraction

It was designed and built a laboratory experimental installation (LEI) for the microwave pretreatment of vegetable materials. To study the influence of microwave pretreatment on the total phenolic content (TPC), a conventional extraction of polyphenols from treated and untreated fresh sea buckthorn leaves was performed. For short extraction times, the amount of phenolic compounds was higher for the extracts obtained from treated leaves, but a long pretreatment time (28 s) led to a decrease in TPC. The qualitative analysis showed that the chemical composition is not affected by the microwave pretreatment.

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