scholarly journals Harvest Handling and Postharvest Conditions for Optimum Nutrient Quality in Mango: Minerals and Vitamins

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 851-860
Author(s):  
O.K. Moyib ◽  
O.E. Omotola ◽  
O.O. Banjoko ◽  
B.U. Ezike
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Parent Plant ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
High Level ◽  
Vit C

Good practices at harvest and postharvest could be useful in obtaining nutritious mango with high minerals and vitamins. The present study evaluated effect of harvest handling and postharvest conditions on the level of minerals and vitamins using standard methods. Ripe, half-ripe and unripe mangoes were harvested on parent plant and on ground around parent plant. The half-ripe and unripe mangoes were further divided to include heat ripened mangoes. The mango samples were separately stored naturally at 25±3oC and heat ripened at 37±5oC for 0 to 10 day after harvest (dah). The results show Ijebu-Mamu mangoes could cater for reference dietary intake of Vit C. Mango harvested on parent plant has highest level of minerals and vitamins than those picked on ground. Ripe mango has highest level of minerals, half ripe mango presented highest level of vits. B1 and B2 and unripe mango has highest level of Fe and Vit. C. Heat caused increased level of minerals and reduced level of vitamins. The minerals show increased level from 0 to 4 or 6 dah while vitamins reduced from 0 till 10 dah. High level of minerals and vitamins was obtained with optimum integrated harvest and postharvest condition of half-ripe mango naturally ripened at 6 dah. The present results highlight effects of the assessed harvest handling and postharvest conditions and their co-optimization that might be necessary for high minerals and vitamins in mango.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nutrition Status in Amateur Windsurfers during Regattas in the Competitive Period—A Field Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6451
Author(s):  
Anna Gogojewicz ◽  
Barbara Pospieszna ◽  
Jakub Bartkowiak ◽  
Ewa Śliwicka ◽  
Joanna Karolkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Extreme Sports ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Nutrition Guidelines ◽  
High Level

Windsurfing is a demanding activity that requires a high level of physical fitness as well as appropriate training and nutritional strategies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of amateur windsurfers and consider possible dietary mistakes. This field study was conducted among 10 Polish male amateur windsurfers (aged 22 ± 2 years, mean training experience of 9.5 ± 4 years). Dietary intake was assessed using a standardized 3-day food record. The total energy expenditure of each participant was estimated using a mobile fitness application. The daily energy supply in assessed portions of the windsurfers’ food was lower than the estimated demand during the competition. The contribution of macronutrients to the total energy intake adhered to those guidelines, but not with the ones recommended for athletes practicing extreme sports. Daily fluid consumption was insufficient. In the windsurfers’ diet, we noticed low consumption of vitamin D and calcium, while cholesterol, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus intake was too high. Nutritional practices of amateur windsurfers during the competitive period do not comply with current sports nutrition guidelines. The results suggest that windsurfers are in need of nutritional education and dietary counseling in order to meet macronutrient intake targets.

scholarly journals Antibiotic-driven Escape of Host in a Parasite-induced Red Queen Dynamics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. Anzia ◽  
Jomar F. Rabajante
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Stable Equilibrium ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Red Queen ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
The Red Queen

AbstractWinnerless coevolution of hosts and parasites could exhibit Red Queen dynamics, which is characterized by parasite-driven cyclic switching of expressed host phenotypes. We hypothesize that the application of antibiotics to suppress the reproduction of parasites can provide opportunity for the hosts to escape such winnerless coevolution. Here, we formulate a minimal mathematical model of host-parasite interaction involving multiple host phenotypes that are targeted by adapting parasites. Our model predicts the levels of antibiotic effectiveness that can steer the parasite-driven cyclic switching of host phenotypes (heteroclinic oscillations) to a stable equilibrium of host survival. Our simulations show that uninterrupted application of antibiotic with high-level effectiveness (> 85%) is needed to escape the Red Queen dynamics. Intermittent and low level of antibiotic effectiveness are indeed useless to stop host-parasite coevolution. This study can be a guide in designing good practices and protocols to minimize risk of further progression of parasitic infections.

Sonographic Association Of Placenta Accreta Spectrum In Patients Of Placenta Previa-A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3050-3053
Author(s):  
Maida Saadat ◽  
Muhammad Mawaz Anjum ◽  
Faiza Farooq ◽  
Rehan Aslam Gill ◽  
Abeer Yasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Placenta Accreta ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Placenta Accreta Spectrum ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Obstetric Population ◽  
High Level

Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and epidemiology of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) in patients of placenta previa. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov and MEDLINE were searched between January1992 and December 2020. Studies on placenta previa complicated by PAS diagnosed in a defined obstetric population. This research was carried out using standard methods and protocols and keeping in view Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observation and assessment of case study along with the difference approved by consensus. The overall diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonographic findings is the main outcome of this study, whereas the prevalence of placenta accreta in patients of placenta previa and its incidence among different countries all over the world is also described. Results: In this review study, about 300 articles were evaluated. More over about 15 prospective and 14 retrospective case studies incorporated for assessment having complication with placenta previa and PAS. According to the meta-analysis, a significant (p<0.001) heterogeneity was found between case research that evaluate PAS prevalence and incidence in the placenta previa cohort. The median prevalence in case of placenta previa along with PAS came out to be 0.113% (IQR 0.048–0.17).Whereas incidence in females having placenta previa along with complication of PAS came out to be 11.3%. Conclusions: The high level of diversity observed in results obtained by diagnostic and qualitative data showed strong emphasis should be made on implementation of standard methods and protocols for assessment and diagnosis of pregnancy complication like placenta previa, its type and PAS. Keywords: Sonography placenta previa, placenta accreta spectrum

The effects of feeding compound concentrate supplements with either a low or high level of true methionine digested in the small intestine (DVmet) to dairy cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
R.L.G. Zom ◽  
E. Kamerman ◽  
G. Remmelink ◽  
G. van Duinkerken
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Cattle Feeds ◽  
True Protein ◽  
High Level

The Dutch DVE/OEB protein evaluation system (Tamminga et al., 1994) gives predictions for the concentration of whole true protein digested in the small intestine (DVE) in cattle feeds, but not for the concentration of single amino acids. Therefore, new standard methods has been introduced for the prediction of true methionine and lysine digested in the small intestine (DVmet and DVlys, respectively) in cattle feeds based on the principles of the calculation of DVE (van Duinkerken and Blok, 1998). These methods give the opportunity to select particular feeds and concentrate ingredients in order to manipulate the concentration of DVmet and DVlys in diets and compound concentrates. However, in the Netherlands, there are no recommendations for DVmet and DVlys in dairy cow rations established yet. An experiment was therefore conducted to study the effects of feeding compound concentrate supplements with either a low (L) or high (H) level of DVmet on feed intake and milk production in dairy cows fed a grass and maize silage mixture ad libitum

Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Nutrition Knowledge of Irish Dancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Jasmine Challis ◽  
Roisin Cahalan ◽  
Phil Jakeman ◽  
Orfhlaith Nibhriain ◽  
Linda Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Sport Nutrition ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
High Level

Irish dance requires lengthy, intensive training to perform at a high level in competitions and professionally. Irish dancers have been known to have high injury rates. Appropriate nutrient and fluid intakes have been shown to minimize the risk of fatigue and injury during training and performance in sport, but there is a lack of evidence as to whether and how this might apply in Irish dance. Forty adult Irish dancers, 35 females (age 21 ± 3 years) and five males (aged 27 ± 8 years), professionals or in full time training, were recruited for this study to investigate nutrition knowledge, dietary intake, and body composition. Participants were asked to complete "The Sport Nutrition Questionnaire," a sport- and dance-specific nutrition knowledge questionnaire, 4 day estimated food diaries, and under-take a dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan to assess body composition. Food diaries were analyzed using Dietplan 7. Reported energy, fiber, iron (females), magnesium (females), selenium, iodine (females), and folate (females) intakes were below United Kingdom dietary reference values. Fruit and vegetable intakes were low: 2.7 ± 1.4 portions per day. Sixteen percent of days reported contained no fruits or vegetables. Mean body mass index (BMI) for 35 female participants was 23.2 ± 3.3 kg/m2, mean BMI for five male participants was 22.2 ± 1.6 kg/m2. Mean body fat measured by DXA in 18 female participants was 33.4% ± 6.9%, which was higher than seen in other dance populations. Mean lean mass was 40.8 ± 5.6 kg. Mean score for the nutrition knowledge questionnaire in which the maximum score is 65, was 30.5 ± 7.6 (47% ± 11.7%), range: 9 to 44 (14% to 68%). The ability of the Irish dancers to correctly identify foods as being high or low in carbohydrate, protein, and fat varied widely. Body composition did not correlate with intake of any nutrient but did correlate with nutrition knowledge questionnaire score (r = -.663, p < 0.001). Given the dietary intakes and nutrition knowledge exhibited by the dancers in this study, further work is needed to inform and improve diets and support the demands of Irish dance.

scholarly journals PO-300 Investigation On Dietary Nutrition Status of Chinese Elite Male Young Soccer Player

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zeng ◽  
Qirong Wang ◽  
Zilong Fang
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Soccer Player ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Kap Survey ◽  
High Level

Objective To evaluate the dietary nutritional of Chinese Elite male young soccer player through the knowledge, attitude, behavior (KAP) survey and an adjusted dietary balance index （DBI）. Methods Explored the dietary nutritional status of 30 Chinese Elite male young soccer players through the knowledge, attitude, behavior (KAP) survey. Diet status of 30 Chinese Elite male young soccer players was collected by food-weighing method. The dietary index of DBI-low bound score（LBS），DBI-high bound score （HBS） and DBI-diet quality distance （DQD） in the adjusted DBI-07 system and nutrient analysis were used to evaluate the dietary quality of athletes. Results The average score of nutrition knowledge (general nutrition and sports nutrition knowledge) in the KAP questionnaire of Chinese Elite young players was 16.90±2.49, and the average score of nutritional attitude was 14.07±2.27. The mean score of the dietary behavior was 39.67±2.65. The total score average was 70.63±4.58.The results of the dietary intake survey showed that the percentage of calorie intake of Chinese Elite male young soccer players who eat three meals a day and snacks were 24.19%, 34.93%, 27.43%, and 13.45%. The proportion of energy intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to total energy were 54.93%, 32.18%, and 11.53%, respectively. The results of the dietary quality survey showed that the median score of LBS of Chinese Elite male young soccer players was 21, the proportion of players with low level of intake was 83.3%, and the proportion of people with moderate and high levels of inadequacy was 16.7%. The median of HBS was 7.5,90.0% of players had low levels of dietary intake in excess, and 10.0% of players had moderate levels of dietary intake in excess. The median of DQD was 34.5. Among the players, 46.7% of athletes have low-level dietary imbalances, and 53.3% of players had moderate-to-high-level dietary imbalances. Conclusions The score of nutritional attitudes and dietary behaviors of 30 Chinese elite male young soccer players are relatively better than that of nutrition knowledge. Young soccer players have unreasonable dietary behaviors. Excessively intake too much fat in the three major nutrients and snacks.The intake of protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron and zinc was inadequate .In terms of dietary intake, most players have high-level dietary imbalances, and players have inadequate dietary intake and excessive dietary intake.  

scholarly journals Transposable Element Subfamily Annotation has a reproducibility problem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin M Carey ◽  
Gilia Patterson ◽  
Travis J Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Transposable Element ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Segmental Duplications ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Homologous Sequences ◽  
Annotation Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background: Transposable element (TE) sequences are classified into families based on the reconstructed history of replication, and into subfamilies based on more ne-grained features that are often intended to capture family history. We evaluate the reliability of annotation with common subfamilies by assessing the extent to which subfamily annotation is reproducible in replicate copies created by segmental duplications in the human genome, and in homologous copies shared by human and chimpanzee.Results: We find that standard methods annotate over 10% of replicates as belonging to different subfamilies, despite the fact that they are expected to be annotated as belonging to the same subfamily. Point mutations and homologous recombination appear to be responsible for some of this discordant annotation (particularly in the young Alu family), but are unlikely to fully explain the annotation unreliability.Conclusions: The surprisingly high level of disagreement in subfamily annotation of homologous sequences highlights a need for further research into definition of TE subfamilies, methods for representing subfamily annotation confidence of TE instances, and approaches to better utilizing such nuanced annotation data indownstream analysis.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kebiasaan Minum Teh Terhadap Kejadian Gout Athritis Pada Warga Jamaah Masjid Al Manshuurin Yabansai, Waena Jayapura

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Herlambang B Mulyono ◽  
Trajanus L Jembise
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Key Words Gout

Tea is a common drink that consumed in Indonesia. Caffein is one of the ingredients of tea. coffee has been shown to increase urinary excretion which is also likely to increase uric acid excretion. Gout is a disease cause of high level of uric acid in blood stream.The aim of this study was to determine the tea drinkers influences serum uric acid level in the residents of Al Manshuurin Mosque Yabansai Waena Jayapura. We enrolled 45 participants in this cross sectional study. An assessment of various dietary intake amounts of substances such as tea was performed using a food frequency questionnaire. The content of tea (15 mg/cup) intake information from the past year. Descriptive and Chi square analysis were applied to identify any association of dietary intake with serum uric acid levels or the risk of gout arthritis. The results showed that the tea drinkers had a lower risk than the not tea drinkers (p= 0.01 respectively). The conclusion of this study is tea drinkers have lower uric acid levels in  blood.  Key words: Gout, Tea drinkers, uric acid

scholarly journals The influence of eating location on nutrient intakes in Irish adults: implications for developing food-based dietary guidelines

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA O'Dwyer ◽  
MJ Gibney ◽  
SJ Burke ◽  
SN McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the contribution of the food service sector to the nutrient quality of the Irish diet, and to compare intakes at home, work and outside the home (‘ut’) and within the subgroups of the out location (pub, deli, takeaway)Design and settingRandom sample of adults from the Republic of Ireland. Food intake data were collected using a 7-day food diary. Respondents recorded the location of every eating occasion determined by where the food was prepared rather than consumedResultsIntakes of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate were significantly greater at home than at work or out (P<0.05). The intake of alcohol was significantly (P<0.001) greater out than at home or work. The percentage contribution of fat to energy was above the recommendations (33% of total energy and 35% of food energy) for both men and women at all locations, with the exception of the contribution of fat to total energy for men at the out location. Within the subgroups of the out location, the contribution of alcohol to total energy was greatest in pubs and the contribution of fat to both total and food energy was greatest in takeaways. Intakes of fibre and most micronutrients per 10 MJ of food energy were greater (P<0.05) at home than at work or outConclusionFoods eaten outside the home contribute a disproportionately high level of fat intake and should be targeted in public health nutrition strategies

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