scholarly journals Mothers’ knowledge and utilization of non-routine childhood immunisation in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
A.O. Ese ◽  
V.B. Brown ◽  
O.A. Oluwatosin
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Childhood Immunisation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Routine Immunisation ◽  
Routine Childhood ◽  
Childhood Vaccines ◽  
The Government

Background: Vaccinepreventable- diseases are major contributors to child mortality in Africa. In Nigeria, apart from the routine childhood vaccines  that are provided free by the government, there are additional lifesaving non-routine vaccines like Rotavirus, Pneumococcal Conjugate (PCV),  Varicella, Cerebrospinal meningitis, and Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccines. Until 2015 when PCV was included in the routine childhood  immunisation, these five vaccines were optional and parents paid to immunize their children with them.Objective: To assess the level of knowledge and utilization of nonroutine immunisations among mothers.Methodology: A descriptive, cross -sectional study conducted in three infant welfare clinics purposively selected in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. Participants were 110 mothers of children aged 6-24 months. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and analysis done using SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive statistics were computed and Chi-square test was used for investigating association between  categorical variables at 0.05 level of significance.Results: The findings revealed that 62 (56.4%) of the 110 mothers were aware of non-routine immunisation of which 23 (20.9%) had good knowledge about it. Only 23 (20.9%) of their children were immunized with all the nonroutine vaccines. High income, higher level of education and good knowledge level about non-routine immunisation of mothers were associated with the utilization of all non-routine immunisation among their children (p<0.01).Conclusion: Knowledge of mothers about non-routine immunisation was poor and uptake of the vaccines among their children low. Health  education to improve mothers’ knowledge and utilization of non-routine immunisation by their children is recommended. Keywords: Vaccine-preventablediseases, Children, Optional, Immunisation, Awareness, Uptake, Ibadan, Nigeria 

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

scholarly journals Challenges of private provision of potable water in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area and its Socio-economic implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Ibama Brown ◽  
Wocha Chikagbum ◽  
Innocent I Weje
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Private Provision ◽  
Borehole Drilling ◽  
The Government

Water is a basic and necessary requirement for the existence of animals and plants, yet it is limited in supply in several parts of the world. Surges in human population and demand for water for different purposes such as agricultural, domestic and industrial usages are the major factors leading to water scarcity. Nigeria and the study area are blessed with abundant water resources including surface and groundwater, yet there is a palpable lack of adequate and safe potable water. Consequently, the populace resorts to private sources of water supply which has its negative externalities even though the effort seems laudable. Based on the above, the study examined the proliferation of private water supply, its challenges and socio-economic implications in Obio /Akpor local government area. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey, and data were collected with the use of both closed and open-ended questionnaire. It also involved the collection of the private borehole points with the use of a handheld global positioning system (GPS). Data were analyzed using the descriptive method of analysis and data presented in charts and tables. The result of the study showed that there were no specific distances maintained between borehole points, a good number of borehole locations were clustered in some parts of the study area. Also, distances between soakaway pits and borehole points were inadequate in some communities. Based on the prevalent minimum wage in the study area, both households that operate boreholes and those that buy water spent more. Some of the socio-economic implications of private provision of water supply include too much spending on water, creation of livelihoods for water vendors and vulnerability to waterborne disease such as typhoid since there is no minimum standard for borehole drilling and distance in the study area. The study recommended that the government should develop a private borehole drilling standard that would include the minimum distance that must be maintained between two boreholes on vertical and horizontal lines. Also, the activities of the private water vendors should be regulated, and operating license obtained before operating commercial boreholes. The study concluded thus, there should be a synergy between the private and public sector to ensure safe and affordable water supply since their activities cannot be undermined.

Studies on mosquito density in urban Kano: a study to calculate larval indices in municipal area of Gwale, Kano, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Umar ◽  
A.H. Dankaka ◽  
M. Manjur Shah
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Mosquito Density ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Mosquito Breeding ◽  
Water Holding

The study is carried out to standardize larval indices namely House Index, Container Index and Breteau Index and also to identify the major breeding sources of mosquitoes in the residential environment in and around the Gwale Local government area of  Kano, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study by selecting 50 houses randomly from the 6 wards of Municipality was employed. Every water holding container indoors and outdoors were counted and searched for larval presence and noted on a pretested format. In this study, 300 houses were surveyed in 21 days out of which 94.33% (283 houses) were found to have potential sources for mosquito breeding. All the entomological indices were found to be above the critical level. House Index = 28.67%; Container Index = 12.14%; Breteau Index = 64.00% showing high chances for outbreaks of mosquito borne diseases. The area is prone to mosquito borne disease like malaria and therefore warrants interventions from the competent.

scholarly journals Role of Local Government in Community Development Projects in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria: Implication for Adult Educators

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110266
Author(s):  
Matthias U. Agboeze ◽  
Georgina Chinagorom Eze ◽  
Prince Onyemaechi Nweke ◽  
Ngozi Justina Igwe ◽  
Onyeodiri Charity Imo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Adult Educators ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Development Officers ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
The Government

This study examined the role of local government in community development in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. A total of 420 people participated in the study. The study sample of 420 persons comprised 220 community development officers selected from the study area and 200 adult educators randomly selected from Enugu State. The entire population of the study was used due to the size. A 21-item structured questionnaire developed by the researchers was used as the instrument for data collection. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The study revealed that the budget allocation sent by the government to the responsible departments in the local government is not always received as and when due for the effective implementation of community development projects. It was concluded that a higher monitoring authority should be set aside to monitor and supervise the existence of checks and balances between the regulations of the local government areas.

scholarly journals Relationship between Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and Visual Acuity in Residents of Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. O. Ernest-Nwoke ◽  
M. O. Ozor ◽  
U. Akpamu ◽  
M. O. Oyakhire
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Snellen Chart ◽  
Edo State

Aim. To study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) on visual acuity among apparently healthy residents of Ekpoma, Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. Methodology. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study among 225 subjects (ages of 18–35 years) from whom BP, body weight, and height were collected. Visual acuity was measured using the Snellen chart following standard procedures of number of letters seen at 6-metre distance. The data were then analyzed using SPSS version 17. Results. The sampled population consists of 112 male and 113 female (mean age 31.72±14.2 years). Majority (180) of the respondents had normal visual acuity. However, compared with the respondents with normal BMI (R19.61±1.5; L19.67±1.70), visual acuity of underweight (R18.53±2.30; L18.53±2.70) and obese (R15.68±4.79; L17.73±1.70) were more deviated. Similarly, compared with respondent with normal BP (120–125/80–85 mmHg; R18.00±2.53; L18.07±3.11), hypotensive (R15.5±7.35; L15.00±10.20), and hypertensive (R15.01±21.25; L15.00±11.91) respondents had deviated visual acuity. Conclusion. Abnormal body weight (underweight and obese) and BP (hypotension and hypertension) have potential negative impacts on visual acuity. Based on the observed relationship between weights, BP, and visual acuity, eye examinations can be included as regular screening exercise for abnormal BMI and BP conditions.

scholarly journals Condom use and associated factors among HIV-positive patients accessing care at a private tertiary health institution in the southwest, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Ngozi Adefala ◽  
Kolawole Sodeinde ◽  
Abiodun Osinaike ◽  
Fikayo Bamidele ◽  
Adebola Omotosho
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sexual Pleasure ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice towards condom utilization and other associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS enrolled in the Virology clinic in Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH) Ilishan, Ogun state, Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 285 ART users selected using a systematic random sampling method. The minimum sample size was estimated using the formula z2pq/d2 and a 24% prevalence extracted from a previous similar study. Data were elicited using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, analyzed using SPSS version 20, and presented as tables. The Chi-square test was used to assess associations between categorical variables. The level of significance was set at the 95% confidence interval with a p-value of 0.05. Results: From the total respondents, 180(63.2%) were females, 93.7% had good knowledge, 141(49.5%) believed ARV prevents transmission of HIV and 144 (50.5%) strongly agreed that condom reduces sexual pleasure. Majority 254 (89.1%) were currently using condoms, 131 (46.0%) used a condom consistently, while 108 (37.9%) frequently use a condom during sexual intercourse. The Use of condoms had statistically significant associations with occupation (p<0.001), married at pre-diagnosis of HIV (p<0.001), married at post-diagnosis of HIV (p<0.001) and education (p= 0.015). Conclusion: The majority of the respondents had good knowledge and were using condoms. Discussions on safe sex and improved positive attitudes towards condom-use should, however, be encouraged further.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Postpartum terhadap Program Keluarga Berencana di RSUD Dr. Sam Ratulangi Tondano

e-CliniC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrie E. Lukas ◽  
Suzanna P. Mongan ◽  
Freddy W. Wagey
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Planning Program ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Planning Program ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Government ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Abstract: Family planning program is a program of the government of the Republic of Indonesia that aims to achieve a healthy and prosperous family by limiting births. Tondano is the center of Minahasa district and has four sub-districts and population of 70,467 people with a female number of 34,800. Data on women using family planning showed a number of 25,749 people which indicates a large and growing population. This study was aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge and attitudes of mothers towards the family planning program. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained by using questionnaire as the instrument. Respondents were 50 postpartum mothers who came to Dr. Sam Ratulangi Hospital Tondano and were willing to fill in the distributed questionnaires. The results showed that 92% of responsdents had good knowledge and 8% had poor knowledge. Meanwhile, based on the attitudes of respondents, 70% of them were positive and 30% were negative. In conclusion, family planning services based on the level of knowledge and attitudes of postpartum mothers at Dr. Sam Ratulangi Hospital Tondano were good or above average. Albeit, postpartum mothers who had good knowledge may not necessarily had good attitudes.Keywords: family planning, contraception, knowledge, attitude Abstrak: Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) bertujuan untuk membentuk gerakan keluarga sehat dan sejahtera dengan cara membatasi kelahiran. Tondano merupakan pusat dari Kabupaten Minahasa dan memiliki empat kecamatan dengan populasi sebesar 70.467 jiwa dan jumlah perempuan sebesar 34.800 jiwa. Data perempuan yang memakai KB ialah 25.749 jiwa. Data tersebut menunjukkan jumlah penduduk yang banyak dan terus bertambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap ibu postpartum terhadap program KB di RSUD Dr. Sam Ratulangi Tondano. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian. Responden penelitian ialah ibu postpartum yang datang di RSUD Dr. Sam Ratulangi Tondano dan bersedia mengisi kuesioner yang dibagikan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan total 50 responden. Sebanyak 92% ibu memiliki pengetahuan baik dan 8% memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik. Untuk pengukuran sikap dari responden, sebanyak 70% wanita bersikap positif dan 30% yang bersikap negatif. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah bahwa pelayanan KB berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap ibu di RSUD Dr. Sam Ratulangi Tondano sudah baik atau di atas rata-rata. Walaupun demikian ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan baik belum tentu memiliki sikap yang baik.Kata kunci: keluarga berencana, kontrasepsi, pengetahuan, sikap

Fiscal Decentralization and Local Borrowing in Turkish Provinces

2016 ◽  
pp. 505-519
Author(s):  
Mehmet Serkan Tosun ◽  
Dilek Uz ◽  
Serdar Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Government Structure ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Reforms

There have been important developments in the decentralization of the government structure in Turkey since the early 1980s. This paper examines the link between fiscal decentralization and local borrowing within Turkish provinces. It first discusses local government reforms throughout the history of the Turkish Republic with the focus on recent reform efforts and current local government structure. It then provides an empirical analysis of the effects of decentralization in Turkish provinces using cross-sectional and panel data approaches, and spatial econometrics. The dataset consists of 67 provinces from 1980 to 2000, and separately cross-sectional data on all 81 provinces for the year 2000. Using decentralization measures such as number of local governments per capita and ratio of own-source municipal revenue to total provincial tax revenue, and specific characteristics of the municipalities the analysis examines whether variations in local decentralization across these provinces and across time have had a significant impact municipal borrowing in those provinces.

scholarly journals COVID-19 – what do we know and how are we dealing with it? A quick online cross-sectional study in India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwani Verma ◽  
Dhanshree R Gunjawate ◽  
Sanny Bhushan Kumar ◽  
CNV Sai Bharath ◽  
Rohit Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Infection Spread

PurposeCoronavirus disease 2019 is a global public health emergency affecting almost the entire world. The exponential spread of the infection has become a matter of concern. The study aims to determine how well people in India know about COVID-19 outbreak and actions taken to cope up during lockdown.Design/methodology/approachA total of 5,000 randomly selected participants were sent the survey link, of which 1,526 responded (response rate of 30.5%). The survey was conducted from March 28 till March 31, 2020. The 20-item questionnaire aimed to determine how well people know about COVID-19 outbreak as well as actions taken to cope up during the lockdown. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings.FindingsParticipants exhibited good knowledge about the primary and secondary symptoms of COVID-19 and infection spread. Over 95% participants knew preventive measures such as use of masks, sanitizers and hand wash. And, 80% of the participants felt that steps taken by the government are effective, while 93% opined that lockdown would be effective. There was apprehension regarding the infection spread, its containment and age group affected. Over 60% referred the World Health Organization website as their source of information. During the lockdown, participants engaged in home-based exercise (39%) and yoga (28%) for fitness while used social media (64%) and television (63%) for entertainment.Originality/valueAlthough participants exhibited good knowledge related to symptoms and preventive measure related to COVID-19, the beliefs related to infection spread and containment need to be addressed. These should be targeted through health promotional campaigns focusing on mental health and home-based physical activities.

Physical Exercise: Knowledge, attitude and participation of senior secondary school students of selected private schools in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State (Nigeria)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Ayodele Fabunmi ◽  
Ibigoni Shekinah Jumbo ◽  
Martins Jolaoluwa Oloyede
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
North East

Background: Studies suggest that young adulthood is a critical time for physical exercise interventions. This study assessed knowledge, attitude and participation in physical exercise by students of privately owned secondary schools in Ibadan North East Local Government Area, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: This study is a cross sectional survey. Informed consent was obtained from the schools and individual participants. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting participants for the study. Each participant was guided in completing the questionnaire. Data on knowledge, attitude and participation in physical exercise was obtained from students. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentages and chi square. Results: Five hundred and sixty questionnaires were administered to respondents and 520 (92.9%) were completed and returned. Out of the 520 participants 258 (49.62%) were males and 262 (50.38%) were females. Out of 520 participants, 97.88% had good knowledge about physical exercise (49.23% males and 48.65% females). Out of 520 participants, 410 (78.85%) had good attitude towards physical exercise (40.96% males and 37.89% females). Male participants were better in knowledge and attitude than female participants. Participation in physical exercise was poor because participants were not putting in enough time in physical exercise. Conclusions: Boys had better knowledge about physical exercise and better attitude to physical exercise than girls. Girls actually participate more in physical exercise, though both boys and girls were not putting in enough time in participating in physical exercise. School curriculum that will encourage physical exercise should be adopted with more time allocated for physical exercises

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