scholarly journals Adaptive capacity of small pelagic fishing communities in coastal Tanga (Tanzania) to changes in climate-related phenomena

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
Rosemarie Mwaipopo ◽  
Shigalla B. Mahongo
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Fishing Strategies ◽  
Pelagic Fishing ◽  
Pelagic Fisheries ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Studies examining the vulnerability, resilience and adaptation options of fisheries-dependent coastal communities have noted a decrease in viable options to respond effectively to the impacts of climate change. The extent of vulnerability is experienced in terms of varying capacity to respond to ecological changes through resource use practices. We analyzed the experiences of three coastal communities dependent on small pelagic fisheries in Tanga region, Tanzania, and their responses to the changing availability of fisheries resources. The study illustrates how conditions associated with upwelling, while not readily obvious to fishers, match some of their fishing strategies, with implications for fisheries-dependent livelihoods. Yet, the fishers’ perceptions are key determinants of the response options they adopt. Limited access to scientific knowledge also constrains the effectiveness of their response options. Our findings have important implications for the manner in which local and scientific knowledge systems can be integrated, particularly with regards to enhancing the adaptive capacities of coastal fishing communities through knowledge sharing.

scholarly journals PERIKANAN PELAGIS KECIL DI DAERAH TELUK: STUDI KASUS DI TELUK SAPE NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suadi Suadi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Intensive Exploitation ◽  
Integrated Policy ◽  
Resources Exploitation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pelagic Fishery ◽  
Pelagic Fisheries

The aims of this research were to know the state of small pelagic fishery and social economic aspect of resources exploitation. To examine these issues, the research combined survey and descriptive analytic methods. Gordon-Schaefer model was applied to analyze the state of fishery and analytical descriptive to explained the relationship of the phenomena's. Data collection was based on indepth interview and recording of District Fishery Service's. Samll pelagic fisheries that been analyzed were anchovies (Stolephorus sp.), squids (Loligo sp.), and mackerels (Rastrelliger sp.).There are two main problems of fisheries in the area, firstly, the conflict on coastal zone between marine capture fisheries and mariculture. The second one is the intensive exploitation of fisheries resources. Pelagic fisheries at Sape Bay have been exploited above maximum TAC mainly 80% of MSY. MSY of anchovies (Stolephorus sp.) reached 2324,9 ton at number of effort 56534 trip and MEY 2172,3 ton at number of effort 42144 trips. MSY of squids (Loligo sp.) is 455,0 ton at number of effort 12183 trip and MEY 449,0 ton at number of effort 10780 trips equal to Bagan Perahu  trips. The model was not applicable to predict the MSY and MEY of mackerels (Rastrelliger sp.). The continuing increase of effort will depleted the stock and decreased economic rent. In addition, the increasing of competition on fishing ground with pearl culture, have resulted fishermen stress. The integrated policy and management are needed to solve these problems and to avoid social riots. 

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE KEY-CHALLENGES IN COASTAL ENGINEERING

2018 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Iñigo J. Losada ◽  
Paula Camus ◽  
Alexandra Toimil ◽  
Antonio Espejo ◽  
Cristina Izaguirre
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Coastal Systems ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Coastal engineers play a leading role in assessing climate change impacts in coastal and low-lying areas and in the design and implementation of adaptation solutions to build resilient coastal systems. Given the continuous growth of coastal communities and assets along the world coastlines, the need to protect and preserve natural and socioeconomic coastal systems and the escalating impacts of climate change (Wong et al. 2014), there is an urgent demand by decision makers for coastal engineering practice dealing with risk assessment and adaptation under high levels of uncertainty.

scholarly journals A Waterfront View of Coastal Hazards: Contextualizing Relationships among Geographic Exposure, Shoreline Type, and Hazard Concerns among Coastal Residents

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven B. Scyphers ◽  
Michael W. Beck ◽  
Kelsi L. Furman ◽  
Judy Haner ◽  
Lauren I. Josephs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Living Shorelines ◽  
Ecological Objectives ◽  
Coastal Residents ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Coastal communities exist on the front lines of diverse natural hazards and the growing impacts of climate change. While traditional strategies for dealing with coastal hazards have often involved the hardening or armoring of shorelines, more recent research and practice have demonstrated the value and cost-effectiveness of “living shorelines” and other ecosystem-based strategies for coastal protection. To explore potential relationships among geographic exposure (waterfront vs. inland), shoreline condition (armored vs. natural), and hazard concerns, we surveyed 583 waterfront and inland residents in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We found that overall concern for coastal hazards was similar across waterfront and inland residents, as well as among residents with both armored and natural shorelines. However, concern for specific hazards differed across these groups. Waterfront residents were significantly more concerned about major hurricanes and erosion than inland residents. Conversely, inland residents were more concerned with drought and flooding than waterfront residents. Among waterfront residents, specific hazard concerns were similar between residents with natural and armored shorelines with two key exceptions. Residents with armored shorelines reported higher concern for erosion and sea level rise than residents with natural shorelines. Our results suggest that armored shorelines do not necessarily alleviate concerns about coastal hazards. In the context of balancing social and ecological objectives in addressing coastal hazards or adapting to climate change, understanding the perceptions and behaviors of coastal residents is essential for conserving and protecting coastal ecosystems along residential shorelines.

Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyoshi Higuchi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Seed Dispersion ◽  
Phenological Changes ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Rising temperatures brought about by global warming are causing plants to bloom and leaf earlier, and advancing the start of animal breeding seasons. The ranges of some species of plants and animals are also being shifted northwards or to higher elevations. In cities, the heat island effect is raising temperatures still further, accelerating the flowering of plants. The degree of such phenological changes, and of the range in shifts, varies according to species and group, resulting in the distortion or mismatch of biological interactions such as predation, pollination, seed dispersion and parasitism. Rising sea levels due to the rising temperatures is destroying tidal wetlands and wiping out coral reefs and, consequently, killing off the various organisms that live there. It has been predicted that if warming continues, sudden and drastic changes will occur in the structure and functioning of ecosystems around the world, including in Japan, and that such regime shifts, which cannot easily be reversed, will be frequent. These ecological changes would affect a variety of aspects of human life such as housing, diet and health.

scholarly journals State of the plate: Assessing present and future contribution of fisheries and aquaculture to Hawai‘i’s food security

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lida T. Teneva ◽  
Eva Schemmel ◽  
John N. Kittinger
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Food System ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Bright Spot ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Pelagic Fisheries

Seafood provides the most important source of protein on the planet, and millions in coastal communities depend on this sector for nutrition, livelihoods, and cultural values. Despite seafood's important role, in many locations the contributions of fisheries and aquaculture to local food security have not been accurately assessed. An overview is provided of current and future contributions of seafood to food security in Hawai‘i through metrics using a supply chain approach from hook-to-plate, encompassing production and consumption. Hawai‘i's local seafood production is nearly 21,000 metric tons per year, with ~90% sourced from pelagic fisheries, and 6% from reef fisheries. Seafood is a bright spot in the overall Hawai‘i food system, providing a relatively higher degree of self-sufficiency than other food sources. Annual local production of seafood in Hawai‘i is estimated at 20,424,243 ± 1,958,488 kg (μ ± SD). Accounting for imports and exports, the total locally available seafood (32,450,820 kg ± 1,571,905 kg) accounts for about 134 ± 6.5 million meals available every year. Wild-capture fisheries (pelagic and nearshore) in Hawai‘i are modeled to be able to meet 45% or less of the growing seafood demand in Hawai‘i by 2040, compared to an estimated 55% in 2015. A projected 20% increase in total seafood demand by 2040 would exceed current average annual local production by up to 37%. Improvement in sustainable fisheries, aquaculture, and innovations in value and supply chains are critical if Hawai‘i is to improve its seafood security and the food provisioning functions of ocean and coastal environments.

scholarly journals Assessment of Livelihood Vulnerability of Fisherfolks in Coastal and Freshwater Fishing Communities of Ilaje in Ondo State

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Siyanbola A. Omitoyin ◽  
Adeniyi P. Ogungbure ◽  
Kemisola D. Osakuade
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Food Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Score

The study assessed the livelihood vulnerability of fisherfolks in both coastal and freshwater fishing communities of Ilaje Local Government area of Ondo state, Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information from 200 fisherfolks from both communities. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, Livelihood Vulnerability Index data were aggregated using a composite index and differential vulnerabilities were compared. The results showed that majority of the fisherfolks from freshwater and coastal communities were below 46 years old, respondents from the freshwater communities were 95% male, 5% females while all (100%) respondents in the coastal communities were male with majority assenting to fishing as their primary occupation. The freshwater communities showed greater vulnerability on the socio-demographic profile (SDP) index than coastal communities (SDP freshwater 0.49;SDPcoastal communities 0.34). Freshwater also showed greater vulnerability on the livelihood strategies component (0.45) than coastal communities (0.40). The social networks indicators were the same for the two communities. The overall health vulnerability score for freshwater communities (0.46) was higher than that for coastal communities (0.44).  Also, the overall food vulnerability score for freshwater households (0.23) was greater than that of coastal community households (0.22). Freshwater households had a lower vulnerability score (0.03) for the water component than coastal communities (0.17). Based on the incidents of flooding, droughts, storms and erosion, households in the coastal communities (0.50) were more vulnerable to natural disasters than those in the freshwater communities (0.41). Overall, coastal communities had a higher Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) than freshwater (0.357 versus 0.356).This logical approach may be used to monitor vulnerability, programs and resources to assist fisherfolks. Also, there should be enlightenment on how to mitigate the factors enhancing climate change while good infrastructure and aids be given to those who suffer losses due to climate change impacts.

scholarly journals Analisis dinamika populasi ikan selar kuning (Selaroides leptolepis) dalam upaya pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil di perairan Bintan, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau

DEPIK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-434
Author(s):  
Septiyawati Septiyawati ◽  
Muhammad Fauzi ◽  
Deni Efizon
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Exploitation Rate ◽  
Raw Fish ◽  
Pelagic Fisheries

This raw fish is used as fisheries products such as salted fish, grilled fish, fishmeal and surimi. This study aims to analyze mortality and recruitment of yellowstipe scad (Selaroides leptolepis) and the information about management of small pelagic fisheries resources in Bintan Waters. This research was carried out in February-June 2019 at the Barek Motor Fish Landing Area (TPI) with fishing areas in Bintan waters. The number of fish studied was 2.550 with a length of 102-215 mm and a weight of 15-102 gr. The highest recruitment peak occurred in Mei of 18.11% and June of 19.48%. The highest and lowest condition factors are 0.83 and 1.09. The total mortality rate (Z) of yellow strait fish is 4.61 per year with a natural mortality rate (M) of 1.66 per year and the capture mortality rate of 2.95 per year so that the exploitation rate is 0.63. The death of yellowstipe scade in the Bintan Sea most of the caused by fishing activities (F) of 2.95 per year.Keywords:Yellowstipe scad Bintan WatersRecrutmentCondition factorsMortalityABSTRAKIkan selar kuning merupakan salah satu jenis ikan ekonomis penting. Ikan ini banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku produk olahan perikanan seperti ikan asin, ikan bakar, pindang, tepung ikan dan surimi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis, mortalitas dan rekrutmen ikan selar kuning (Selaroides leptolepis) dan informasi tentang pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil di Perairan Bintan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan bulan Februari-Juni 2019 di Tempat Pendaratan Ikan (TPI) Barek Motor dengan wilayah penangkapan di perairan Bintan. Jumlah ikan yang diteliti 2.550 ekor dengan panjang 102-215 mm dan berat 15-102 gr. Puncak rekrutmen tertinggi terjadi bulan Mei sebesar 18,11% dan Juni sebesar 19,48%,. Nilai tertinggi dan terendah faktor kondisi yaitu 0,82 dan 1,09. Laju mortalitas total (Z) ikan selar kuning 4,61 per tahun dengan laju mortalitas alami (M) 1,66 per tahun dan laju mortalitas penangkapan 2,95 per tahun sehingga diperoleh laju eksploitasi 0,63. Kematian ikan selar kuning di laut Bintan sebagian besar diakibatkan oleh aktivitas penangkapan (F) sebesar 2,95 per tahun.Kata kunci:Ikan selar kuning Perairan Bintan Rekrutmen Faktor kondisi Mortalitas

scholarly journals IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCES IN CLIMATE ADAPTATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Juliano Calil
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Long Beach ◽  
Coastal Risks ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

As coastal communities worldwide contend with sea-level rise, coastal erosion, and other impacts of climate change, a critical piece of the puzzle has become educating stakeholders in highly creative, insightful, and practical ways. In this study, we will highlight the main findings from the use of immersive and interactive Virtual Reality (VR) experiences in climate adaptation. These tools are helping coastal communities better understand potential impacts as well as explore near- and long-term solutions to reduce coastal risks. We will describe the challenges and steps taken to develop these applications at four coastal locations in the U.S. (Turner Station, MD, and Santa Cruz, Long Beach, and Moss Landing in CA); from identifying key objectives of each experience, the critical messages, and target audiences, to flying drones over coastal areas and working with photogrammetry to create hyper-realistic 3D models that are inserted in the VR experience. These immersive and interactive experiences support planning, management and monitoring activities related to sea-level rise, storms, coastal erosion, king tides, and more. These tools are being developed by a multidisciplinary team with a range of expertise including climate and coastal scientists, city planners, communications experts, filmmakers, 3D animators, and VR developers.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/aDIkbn_FO1c

scholarly journals Knowledge, Concern and Support for Policy on Adaptations to Impacts of Climate Change in Grand Bahamian

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Feraldo D. Joffre ◽  
Berkley N. King Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
Level Of Concern ◽  
High Level ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

This study assessed the knowledge, concern and support of policy relative to climate change impacts of Grand Bahamians. Specifically the study assessed the awareness and concern of Grand Bahamians; examine the difference in participants’ awareness and concern of climate change impacts; analyze the factors that influence the awareness and concern of climate change impacts of participants; and assess the predictive ability of the Value Belief Norm Theory in relation to the participants’ intent to support policy for climate change issues. A survey questionnaire and focus group discussion were used for ata collection Findings showed that Grand Bahamians have a low level of scientific knowledge, a high level of concern regarding climate change and a strong intent to support policy for climate adaptation. Despite this low level of scientific knowledge, they have a developed experiential knowledge due to their frequent exposure to extreme climate events they perceive to be associated with climate change. The high level of concern influenced their desire to support policies aimed at adapting to the adverse impacts of climate change.

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