Antimicrobial Properties of Human Lysozyme Transgenic Mouse Milk

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH A. MAGA ◽  
GARY B. ANDERSON ◽  
JAMES S. CULLOR ◽  
WAYNE SMITH ◽  
JAMES D. MURRAY
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Human Lysozyme ◽  
Pseudomonas Fragi ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Industry Standard

The antimicrobial properties of standard human lysozyme and the milk of transgenic mice expressing human lysozyme were investigated using bacterial strains important to the dairy industry. Standard human lysozyme was found to be effective at significantly slowing the growth of the milk cold-spoilage organism Pseudomonas fragi (P < 0.001), of a clinical isolate of the mastitis-causing organism Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.005), and of a nonpathogenic strain of E. coli (P < 0.05). Milk from transgenic mice secreting human lysozyme in their milk at an average concentration of 0.38 mg/ml was found to be bacteriostatic against the cold-spoilage organisms Pseudomonas fragi and Lactobacillus viscous and a mastitis-causing strain of Staphylococcus aureus, but not against a pathogenic strain of E. coli. These results demonstrate that transgenic animals producing human lysozyme in their milk can affect the microbial nature of milk.

scholarly journals Viability of lactic acid bacteria in different components of Ogi with anti diarrhoeagenic E. coli activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 206-213
Author(s):  
Roseline Eleojo Kwasi ◽  
Iyanuoluwa Gladys Aremu ◽  
Qudus Olamide Dosunmu ◽  
Funmilola A. Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Freeze Dried

Background: Ogi constitutes a rich source of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with associated health benefits to humans through antimicrobial activities. However, the high viability of LAB in Ogi and its supernatant (Omidun) is essential. Aims: This study was carried out to assess the viability of LAB in various forms of modified and natural Ogi and the antimicrobial properties of Omidun against diarrhoeagenic E coli. Methods and Material: The viability of LAB was assessed in fermented Ogi slurry and Omidun for one month and also freeze-dried Ogi with and without added bacterial strains for two months. A further 10 days viability study of modified Omidun, refrigerated Omidun, and normal Ogi was performed. The antimicrobial effects of modified Omidun against five selected strains of diarrhoeagenic E. coli (DEC) were evaluated by the co-culture method. Results: Both drying methods significantly affected carotenoids and phenolic compounds. The Ogi slurry had viable LAB only for 10 days after which, there was a succession of fungi and yeast. Omidun showed 2 log10cfu/ml reduction of LAB count each week and the freeze-dried Ogi showed progressive reduction in viability. Refrigerated Omidun has little viable LAB, while higher viability was seen in modified Omidun (≥2 log cfu/ml) than normal Omidun. Modified Omidun intervention led to 2-4 log reduction in diarrhoeagenic E. coli strains and total inactivation of shigella-toxin producing E. coli H66D strain in co-culture. Conclusions: The consumption of Ogi should be within 10 days of milling using modified Omidun. There are practical potentials of consumption of Omidun in destroying E. coli strains implicated in diarrhea. Keywords: Ogi, Omidun, lactic acid bacteria, diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli strains, Viability.

scholarly journals Utilization of Mn-Doped ZnSe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots for Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Thi-Diem Bui ◽  
Quang-Liem Nguyen ◽  
Thi-Bich Luong ◽  
Van Thuan Le ◽  
Van-Dat Doan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Fluorescent Labeling ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mn Doped

In this study, Mn-doped ZnSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (CSQDs) were synthesized in aqueous solution using polyethylene glycol as a surface stabilizer and successfully applied in the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) for the first time. The CSQDs were conjugated with anti-E. coli antibody and anti-MRSA antibody via protein A supported by 1-ethyl-3-(-3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride for fluorescent labeling of the intact bacterial cells. The detection was performed for the bacterial strains cultivated in Luria-Bertani liquid medium. The obtained results indicate that E. coli O157:H7 and MRSA can be detected within 30 min at a high sensitivity of 101 CFU/mL. This labeling method based on the highly fluorescent CSQDs may have great potential for use in the food industry to check and prevent outbreaks of foodborne illness.

Note: Effect of Some Spice Extracts on Bacterial Inhibition

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Sagdic ◽  
A. G. Karahan ◽  
M. Ozcan ◽  
G. Ozkan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Mrs Broth

Eighteen extracts of spices commonly consumed worldwide and grown naturally in Turkey were tested against twenty three bacterial strains to compare their antibacterial effects with eleven antibiotics. Eight pathogens and fifteen lactobacilli isolated from chick intestine were used as the test microorganisms. Pathogens (six different Staphylococcus aureus strains, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Yersinia enterocolitica ATCC 1501) were grown in Nutrient broth and lactobacilli in MRS broth. Hop extracts formed inhibition zones against S. aureus strains of upto 36 mm. Inhibitory effects of hop extracts against S. aureuswere generally higher than that of erythromycin as antibiotic. Helichrysum compactum extract produced an inhibition zone of 23mm to E. coli ATCC 25922 and 26mm to Y. enterocolitica ATCC 1501. Helichrysum compactum extract inhibited the growth of Y. enterocolitica ATCC 1501 more than other spice extracts. While inhibition zones of these extracts against lactobacilli were found smaller than on S. aureus strains, inhibition zones of the same extracts against lactobacilli were found similar to those of E. coli ATCC 25922 and Y. enterocolitica ATCC 1501.

scholarly journals Bacterial phagocytosis by macrophages from lipopolysaccharide responder and nonresponder mouse strains

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 762-765
Author(s):  
A Cuffini ◽  
N A Carlone ◽  
G Forni
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phagocytic Capacity ◽  
Tumoricidal Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Proteose Peptone ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Endotoxin

The phagocytic capacity of macrophages from C3H/H3J mice was assessed against lipopolysaccharide-producing (Escherichia coli) and -nonproducing (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Despite their gene-coded unresponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide endotoxin and lymphokines and their defective tumoricidal activity, proteose peptone-induced C3H/HeJ macrophages did not display a defective phagocytic capacity, but rather displayed an enhanced phagocytosis of both bacterial strains compared with macrophages from closely related C3H/HeN mice. Unstimulated peritoneal resident C3H/HeJ macrophages, on the other hand, displayed a normal phagocytic activity toward E. coli and enhanced phagocytosis toward S. aureus.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus responsible for bovine mastitis sensitivity to the essential oil of Algerian Thymus fontanesii Boiss. et Reut.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Bendella Amina nor elhouda ◽  
Ghazi Kheira ◽  
Meliani Samia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

AbstractThe aim of this study is to test two different methods for evaluating the in vitro antibacterial effect of Thymus fontanesii Boiss. et Reut. essential oil against standard and clinical bacterial strains responsible for bovine mastitis: the disc diffusion method or the aromatogram which allows the demonstration of the antibacterial power of essential oils on the bacterial strains tested, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and two strains isolated from bovine mastitis milk S. aureus and E. coli. The inhibition activity of the essential oil of T. fontanesii on bacterial strains by the two methods shows that the antimicrobial power of this oil is very important and is characterized by bactericidal and bacteriostatic action against gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The antimicrobial evaluation by the aromatogram showed good antibacterial activity against all the strains tested, the zones of inhibition of the bacteria were between 23,33±1,527mm and 37,5±3,535 mm. The search for minimum inhibitory concentrations MIC and bactericides CMB made it possible to quantitatively assess the antimicrobial power of this essential oil. In this work, the MIC was 0,625 µl/ml for all strains tested, and the lowest CMB was that of T. fontanesii against E. coli ATCC 25922 was 0,625 µl/ml.

scholarly journals Cephalosporin resistant bacterial strains isolated from respiratory infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Mihaela Botnarciuc ◽  
Irina Stan ◽  
Sorina Ispas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Objectives: The objective of the study is the evaluation of the actual resistance to second, third, and fourth generation cephalosporins over bacterial strains isolated from respiratory infections. The main causes for cephalosporin resistance of pathogenic and conditioned pathogen bacteria are: widespread usage, and impair immune response. Materials and methods: The analyzed specimens were throat swabs and sputum, from adult patients. The tests were performed using disk diffusion technique. We tested the following cephalosporin: From second generation: cefuroxime axetil; from third generation: cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefpodoxime; Combinations of cephalosporins and beta-lactamase inhibitors: cefotaxime + clavulanic acid; ceftazidim + clavulanic acid; From fourth generation: cefepime; and association cefepime and clavulanic acid. Results: The following bacterial strains were isolated: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Group C β-hemolytic Streptococcus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus sp. The Group A. β-hemolytic Streptococcus isolated strains were not tested. For Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Proteus, we found a high frequency resistance tocefuroxim, approximately 47%. Highest resistance to third generation cephalosporin was identified to E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, especially resistant to cefotaxime, cefotaxime + clavulanic acid and ceftazidime. Conclusions: Cefpodoxime can be considered as a first election antibiotic in treating upper and lower respiratory tract infections, due to the lowest level of bacterial strain resistance, approximately 10% of the third generation cephalosporines tested. Also, cefepime may be proper in treating severe respiratory tract infections, with resistant broad-spectrum antibiotics bacterial strains. In our trial, resistance to cefepime was to a minimum low, approximately 4%, represented by the E.coli strains.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterizations and Antimicrobial Activity of Cuprous Oxide (Cu2O) Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Amrit Regmi ◽  
Janak Bhandari ◽  
Sitaram Bhattarai ◽  
Surendra K. Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cuprous Oxide ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cu2o Nanoparticles

Cuprous oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction of copper sulphate pentahydrate salt at different concentration using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent, polyethylene glycol-6000 as a stabilizer by simple, chemical co-precipitation methods and the effect of concentration on particle size were also studied. The crystalline size and phase of Cu2O nanoparticles (NPs) were authenticated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), morphology and structure by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and elemental analysis was carried out by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The concentration-dependent antimicrobial properties of Cu2O NPs were studied for a different strain of bacteria. XRD and selected area electron diffraction studies (SAED) patterns confirmed the formation of face-centered-cubic Cu2O nanoparticles with size 4.77 nm and 8.02 nm at two different concentrations of 0.01 M and 0.1 M CuSO4, respectively. SEM and TEM images showed that the nanoparticles were uniform, in the form of clusters, and homogeneously distributed. EDX confirmed that synthesized nanoparticles were in pure form having copper and oxygen ratio 3:1 based on the atomic percentage of the chemical species. Cu2O nanoparticles showed excellent antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli). The antibacterial activities of Cu2O NPs were found to be concentration-dependents and large bactericidal effect were seen for Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria at higher concentrations of Cu2O NPs.

Organic additives as antimicrobial agents in thermoplastics compounds

2016 ◽  
Vol 1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Tomacheski ◽  
Michele Pittol ◽  
Vanda F. Ribeiro ◽  
Ruth M. C. Santana
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Polymeric Matrices ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTDevelopment of polymers with antimicrobial characteristics can avoid deterioration and assist in containing spread of pathogens harmful to human health. This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial and mechanical properties of polymeric matrices containing organic antimicrobial additives. Silver organomodified bentonite (Ag_bentonite) and organochlorine molecule in a masterbatch based polyethylene (Cl_PE) were tested in proportion of 2% in a thermoplastic elastomeric formulation. The polymeric matrices were prepared by melt mixing and evaluated in tensile and antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. The additives were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The nanoscale of Ag_bentonite was verified by SEM. TGA assay showed that Cl_PE is more sensitive to heat than Ag_bentonite. As a result of this lower thermal stability, the addition of Cl_PE reduced the tensile properties of the compound. The sample with Cl_PE was effective against both bacterial strains, reducing the populations of S. aureus and E. coli in 99 and 96%, respectively. The addition of Ag_bentonite did not affect the tensile strength and decreased in 97 and 40% S. aureus and E. coli populations, respectively. The results indicate that the use of organic additives is promissory, but further modifications in processing must be necessary.

scholarly journals Epilobi Hirsuti Herba Extracts Influence the In Vitro Activity of Common Antibiotics on Standard Bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Pirvu ◽  
Isabela Nicorescu ◽  
Cristina Hlevca ◽  
Bujor Albu ◽  
Valentin Nicorescu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Effective Source

AbstractEpilobium genus has been confirmed as an effective source of natural antimicrobials. However, the influence of Epilobi hirsuti herba derived products on usual antibiotics activity has not been studied. In this study, several standardized Epilobi hirsuti herba extracts (EHE) were evaluated in order to asses their potential effects on usual antibiotics tested on standard Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains in vitro. The results emphasized that the bacterial strains ranged from sensitive (MIC values between 50–200 μg GAE mL-1) (S. epidermidis ATCC 12228) to very resistant (E. coli strains), E. faecalis ATCC 29212 being practically immune to EHE. In terms of synergistic interaction, Tetracycline and Ampicillin combinations lead to the most important stimulatory effects, the diameters of the inhibition zone being even 60% bigger compared to the antibiotic alone. Synergistic effects between myricetin(galloyl) derivates and Tetracycline were also revealed on P. aeruginosa and E. coli strains. Together, it clearly demonstrated not only EHE’s own antimicrobial properties, but also their capacity to influence the antimicrobial potency of some common antibiotics. These results could be useful for the area of herbal medicines and as potential candidates in managing microbial resistance, but also for physicians and pharmacists using combined antibacterial therapy.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION AND OCCURRENCE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli ISOLATED FROM RECREATIONAL PARKS AROUND KOTA KINABALU, SABAH

2020 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Rajeena Sugumaran ◽  
Pamela David Jocksing ◽  
Nur Athirah Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) are contributors to infection cases among the Asian population. S. aureus is found in the mucous lining of noses and is mainly non-pathogenic while E. coli, mostly harmless bacteria, are found in the intestine. Pathogenic strains of both bacteria have adverse effects on the elderly and younger age group of the population. Samples were collected from recreational parks around Kota Kinabalu as they are hotspots frequently visited by families with both age groups. The bacterial samples were isolated and cultured on selective media such as Baird-Parker agar (BPA), Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) agar, MacConkey agar and Eosin-Methylene Blue (EMB) agar. Morphological characteristics of bacterial growth were observed, where S. aureus had black-shiny growth in BPAand E. coli had a metallic-green sheen in EMB agar. The suspected bacteria samples were then stained and viewed under a light microscope. S. aureus was identified as gram-positive, stained violet with a circular shape and clustered  appearance. E. coli was identified as gram-negative, stained red, rod-shaped with 2 – 3 bacterial alignment. Antibiotic resistance test resulted in S. aureus and E. coli samples did not display 100% resistance among 4 antibiotics tested (ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol). Most of the bacteria samples were a minimum inhibitory of 0.1 mg/mL of antibiotic concentration. These results provide a foundation for further research on identifying bacterial strains using molecular methods. The findings can then be used to disseminate information to the public to create awareness of potential disease outbreaks in the city.

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