Idolatry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Fowl
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Activities Of Daily Life ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Invisible

The use of material images of various gods (idols) in religious worship has a long history and a central place in the polytheistic religions of the ancient world. The worship of these gods is strictly prohibited in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. This practice is generally referred to as idolatry. In addition, the making of images of the one God along with the use of such images in worship is also considered idolatry within these three monotheistic faiths. In the ancient societies within which Judaism, Christianity and, later, Islam emerged, almost all aspects of life were touched by the presence of idols. For a Jew (particularly in the diaspora) or a Christian to faithfully negotiate one’s way through the activities of daily life in such a world required sustained attentiveness and resolve. Over time, idolatry became more generally and metaphorically associated with ideas, motivations, beliefs and commitments that draw believers’ attention away from God. In some instances in Christianity, idolatry simply becomes a synonym for sin. Although it is not common today for Jews, Christians or Muslims to worship fabricated images of their own or other gods, some of the ongoing philosophical and theological issues concern how God’s creation can manifest the invisible God. In what ways, if any, can the created world mediate God truthfully to humans? Can such things as icons be instrumental in the worship of the one God without that worship being idolatrous? In recent French phenomenological writing, some of these issues receive attention. Although these concerns may seem distant from those of the Bible and Quran, they share a common recognition that idolatry stems from a failure of attentiveness, an inability or unwillingness to focus one’s attention and desire upon God in the face of myriad distractions.

scholarly journals Muhammad(S) And Paul On Jesus: A Comparative Study Of Two Sacred Pillars

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-190
Author(s):  
Keyhanee Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Face ◽  
Islam And Christianity ◽  
The One

This comparative study of Islam and Christianity struggled to reveal the mutual meaningful expressions of God, the creator. The main question to which the article tried to answer is: Who is Jesus Christ for Paul and Muhammad(s)? The significance of countering to this question is being revealed much more through the contemporary issues of hate, and delusions that are influencing all believers in one God. Questioning the human nature and the Lordship of Christ looks like a barrier in dialogues between Islam and Christianity. So, as its primary purpose, Jesus, as the Lord from Paul’s perspective and Isa al-Masih, the son of Maryam from Muhammad’s(s) viewpoint, will be compared through different methods. Like the spiritual interpretation of Joel S. Goldsmith, in which the monotheistic presupposition (worshipping only one God), will implant the axial direction of the examination of the Bible and the Quran. Moreover, through historical criticism, the article will try to clarify the origins of faith in Pauline Christology compare to the doctrine of Tawhid from the Quran and the origin of the Quranic accounts of Christ. Also, through a feminist analysis, the essay will have a critical look at maleness of titles of God in Christianity. In this way, the historical analysis will display the urge of accepting the Quran as the Incarnated word of God for Islam and the importance of Paul as the best witness for Christ. By spiritual interpretation, the meaning of the “form” and the “face” of God in Christianity, and “face”, and the “Rope” of Allah and Al-Rahman in the Quran will validate a mutual notion of divinity for all believers. Also, through the feminist approach framed in the text of the Bible and the Quran, this research will spot the sexless status of the Incarnated Christ after the resurrection, the one who is the Lord of all now, even if is being praised in the new name of Al-Rahman. Thus, in conclusion, this article will suggest mutual findings in Quranic and Biblical Christology and will be ended by spotting the incarnation of the word of God, as the best point of starting a fruitful dialogue between Islam and Christianity.

scholarly journals Daily Life Benefits and Usage Characteristics of Dynamic Arm Supports in Subjects with Neuromuscular Disorders

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4864
Author(s):  
Johannes Essers ◽  
Alessio Murgia ◽  
Anneliek Peters ◽  
Kenneth Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Activities Of Daily Life ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Over Time

Neuromuscular disorders cause progressive muscular weakness, which limits upper extremity mobility and performance during activities of daily life. Dynamic arm supports can improve mobility and quality of life. However, their use is often discontinued over time for unclear reasons. This study aimed to evaluate whether users of dynamic arm supports demonstrate and perceive quantifiable mobility benefits over a period of two months. Nine users of dynamic arm supports were included in this observational study. They had different neuromuscular disorders and collectively used four different arm supports. They were observed for three consecutive weeks during which they were equipped with a multi-sensor network of accelerometers to assess the actual use of the arm support and they were asked to provide self-reports on the perceived benefits of the devices. Benefits were experienced mainly during anti-gravity activities and the measured use did not change over time. The self-reports provided contextual information in domains such as participation to social life, in addition to the sensor system. However self-reports overestimated the actual use by up to three-fold compared to the accelerometer measures. A combination of objective and subjective methods is recommended for meaningful and quantifiable mobility benefits during activities of daily life.

scholarly journals Anything new under the sun of African Biblical Hermeneutics in South African Old Testament Scholarship?: Incarnation, death and resurrection of the Word in Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madipoane Masenya ◽  
Hulisani Ramantswana
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Biblical Hermeneutics ◽  
African People ◽  
The Bible ◽  
African Heritage ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One

In this article, two lenses are used to engage the task of African Biblical Hermeneutics. The one lens is derived from African wisdom, i shavha i sia muinga i ya fhi?, in which there is a need for people to affirm their own roots. Drawing from the wisdom of the preceding proverb, we argue that, in their scholarship, African biblical scholars have to take seriously their own African heritage and thus do justice to their contexts rather than rely heavily on Western paradigms if their scholarship is to impact communities and also contribute towards shaping the face of biblical hermeneutics as a whole. The other lens is an analogy derived from the following events in Jesus� life: incarnation, death and resurrection. The task of African Biblical Hermeneutics has to be a three-fold process for the Bible to be �gospel� in Africa: Firstly, the incarnation of the Word � the Bible as the Other has to incarnate into African contexts for it to become an African Word. Secondly, the death of the Word � this entails a critical engagement with the Word from multiple perspectives for it to be relevant to the struggles of African people. Thirdly, the resurrection of the Word � the biblical text has to be allowed to address and transform an African person in new creative ways.

scholarly journals Daily Life Benefits and Usage Characteristics of Dynamic Arm Supports in Subjects with Neuromuscular Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Essers ◽  
Alessio Murgia ◽  
Anneliek Peters ◽  
Kenneth Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Activities Of Daily Life ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Arm Support ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Over Time

Neuromuscular disorders cause progressive muscular weakness, which limits upper extremity mobility and performance during activities of daily life. A dynamic arm support can improve mobility and quality of life. However, their use is often discontinued over time for unclear reasons. This study aimed to evaluate whether users of dynamic arm supports demonstrate and perceive quantifiable mobility benefits over a period of two months. Nine users of dynamic arm supports were included in this observational study. They had different neuromuscular disorders and collectively used four different arm supports. They were observed for three consecutive weeks during which they were equipped with a multi-sensor network of accelerometers to assess the actual use of the arm support and they were asked to provide self-reports on the perceived benefits of the devices. Benefits were experienced mainly during anti-gravity activities and the measured use did not change over time. The self-reports provided contextual information in domains such as participation to social life, in addition to the sensor system. However self-reports overestimated the actual use by up to three-fold compared to the accelerometer measures. A combination of objective and subjective methods is recommended for meaningful and quantifiable mobility benefits during activities of daily life.

scholarly journals Hermann Cohen i Drugi. Triumf i upadek „czystego rozumu”

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-57
Author(s):  
Jan Krasicki
Keyword(s):  
Moral Theory ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Pure Reason ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Franz Rosenzweig ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
Hermann Cohen

Hermann Cohen and the Other: The Triumph and Fall of “Pure Reason”The article poses the question of the contemporary validity and meaning of Hermann Cohen’s philosophical thought. It is argued that in order to understand its phenomenon one has to go beyond the epistemological and methodological perspectives in which Cohen’s work has usually been analyzed and probe into the philosopher’s deepest spiritual and intellectual formation — that of Judaism. The author claims that Cohen, otherwise a celebrated academic scholar, was first of all a rabbi, i.e. a teacher in the Judaist tradition. This is the context in which we can weigh his friendship with young Franz Rosenzweig — it was Rosenzweig who first recognized the revolutionary significance of Cohen’s philosophy of religion and utilized the latter in his seminal work The Star of Redemption Der Stern der Erlosung where he emphasized the late stage of Cohen’s intellectual evolution, especially the one associated with Religion der Vernunft aus den Quellen des Judentums 1919. This book is viewed as essentially a reinterpretation of Kant’s moral theory and philosophy of religion in terms of Judaism and the Bible, which in itself marks Cohen’s departure from critical idealism and his shift towards the dialogic philosophy. In this context one can see Cohen as a teacher of the German nation, someone who could accurately examine the dangers of the Romantic theory of the nation as well as the Romantic especially Fichtean version of Kant’s moral theory, dangers corroborated by 20th-century history. While stressing Cohen’s positive contribution to our understanding of the contemporary world, it should be added that the philosopher’s belief in the liberating potential of “pure reason” was heavily damaged in the face of the totalitarian ideas in modern Europe. It does not mean, however, that his thought has lost its potency. On the contrary, in the age of the crisis of rationality Cohen’s work may be seen as a vital testament. Its effectiveness, though, lies not in the power of “pure reason” but in the power of dialogue and the imperative to love one’s neighbor, a rational and free act which surpasses all religious and speculative constraints. Accordingly, the article concludes by pointing to the timeliness and validity of Cohen’s spiritual and intellectual legacy.

scholarly journals The Politics Of The Environment: Power Contestation Over Ecological Space In Purbalingga

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Andi Ali Said Akbar ◽  
Ahmad Sabiq ◽  
Oktaviani Catur Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Village

This study aims to analyze the institutional capacity of local governments and community-based eco-populism in the face of disasters caused by industrial waste. It is significantly because of frequent pollution in the village of Penambongan, Kandanggampang and Purbayasa, Purbalingga Regency. Pollution mainly came from waste disposal factories which caused not only material losses but also environmental damage. The study used a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The findings are as follows: the institutional capacity of community and government were still weak in resolving the problem which was so prone to lead to conflict and severe environmental damage as well. On the one hand, although it is often harmed by industrial waste, the capacity of community in the fight for ecological justice has not been sufficient. On the other hand, the capacity of government in developing environmentally-friendly economic development in Purbalingga was still low. Institutionally, the roles of the Environment Agency looked like deliberately torpor. As a result, in almost all disputes between communities and companies associated with pollution, the companies could easily win the contestation of power. To this day companies polluting the environment seem untouched, and still, continue to run.

Lucjan Dobroszycki, editor. The Chronicle of the Łódź Ghetto 1947-1944. New Haven, Connecticut and London: Yale University Press. 1984. Pp. 551.

2004 ◽  
pp. 403-407
Author(s):  
John P. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Population ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Actual Fact ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One

This chapter investigates The Chronicle of the Łódź Ghetto 1941–1944 (1984), which was edited by Lucjan Dobroszycki. In a truly devastating manner, the Chronicle highlights such questions as the role and behaviour of the Jewish Council, but above all it shows the day-to-day struggle of the inhabitants of the ghetto to survive in the face of extreme poverty, overcrowding, disease, hunger, and starvation, not to say the threats and then the actual fact of physical extermination at the hands of the Nazis. But for the Jews of the time, and indeed for present-day historians, the one question which dominates everything is this: was there anything that the Jews could do which would help determine their own fate or even survival when confronted with different Nazi policies at different times? And the short answers which the Chronicle so tragically provides is: very little for most of the time, and nothing at all when the Nazi authorities had finally and firmly decided upon the physical annihilation of the Jews. The particular value of the Łódź Chronicle is that it consists of contemporary records and accounts of the daily life of the Jewish ghetto in a city which before the outbreak of war contained a Jewish population of some 250,000 souls.

scholarly journals Estado emocional de las personas ante situaciones de pandemia a través del tiempo

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Oscar Amaro-Del Real ◽  
Luz María Cejas-Leyva / O ◽  
Maura Antonia Lazcano-Franco ◽  
Mario Gilberto García-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Emotional State ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Inductive Analysis

Objective: to publicize the emotional state of people in pandemic situations over time, through a compilation of readings carried out with the purpose of elaborating a semblance of the emotional conditions experienced throughout history, during the different pandemic outbreaks that have emerged, such as COVID-19. Methodology: the methodology used in this research process is based on the qualitative paradigm, because it sought to understand and elucidate what has emerged to date on the emotional state of people, due to the different pandemics experienced through over time such as that caused by COVID 19; through the systematization, organization and categorization of the information selected for presentation, both in the theoretical framework and in the results and conclusions of this article. To achieve the above, an inductive analysis procedure of the theory was followed, which played the role of guiding instrument by investigating the interaction of the subjects with the various diseases that have spread throughout the world through time. Contribution: a recapitulation of the emotional state of people in pandemic situations is presented, providing the reader with an overview of the emotional consequences that have been experienced in these situations at different times in history, such as the one currently being experienced in the face of COVID-19.

scholarly journals The Story of the Torah from the Perspective of the Qur'an and History

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Seyyed Mohammad Razavi ◽  
Marziyeh Saemi
Keyword(s):  
Jewish People ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Version ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time

The history of the Bible implies that the Torah has been formed and distorted over time. The Qur'an also confirms this issue. The Holy Qur'an, in addition to introducing the Jews as the People of the Book, uses the word "Torah" eighteen times, "which is a collection of divine teachings bestowed on Prophet Moses." On the one hand, the Holy Qur'an acknowledges and affirms it, and on the other hand, it attributes distortion to this book and introduces the Torah as one of the books that has been distorted throughout history, however, the holy Qur’an considers the part of the Torah that has been preserved to contain the teachings of God and can be acknowledged in general, and considers it a means of guiding the Jewish people and advises them to refer to it. The collection of information in this writing is library-based and their processing is descriptive-analytical. This article seeks to prove the view that the current Torah, with its various versions, has been disappeared in the ups and downs of the times, and that what exists is a very blurred and inconsistent face of the original version, and the Holy Qur'an confirms this.

THE INTERPRETATION OF DIVINE WILL AS THE SOURCE OF JEWISH LAW IN THE CONTEXT OF THE POTENTIAL OF HUMAN‘S FREEDOM OF WILL

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-102
Author(s):  
hieromonk Dmytro (Frankiv)
Keyword(s):  
Religious Right ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Freedom Of Will ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Will ◽  
Qualitative Component ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Radical Expression ◽  
Over Time

In the Bible the source of the law is the One God, that is the idea of the transcendence of law has a completely radical expression. The law is based on the will of the Creator God. Society development is considered by experts to be the foundation that objectively leads to the disappearance or change of the old and the emergence of new spheres of regulation, norms, institutions or branches of law. This paradigm of law development applies to Jewish law, but even more so to Jewish law concerns the danger of emasculation and formalization of any religious right over time and the work of interpreters. Thus, some rabbinical structures (such as the Sanhedrin) did not create new laws, but merely interpreted the existing code but their activities led to a change in the qualitative component of this right.

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