The role of trust and reciprocity in transnational care towards children

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Charlotte Melander ◽  
Oksana Shmulyar Gréen ◽  
Ingrid Höjer
Keyword(s):  
Trust And Reciprocity

11. Social Capital and Civil Society

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Letki
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Change ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Modern Democracy ◽  
Civic Activism ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the role of civil society and social capital in democratization processes. It begins by reconstructing the definitions of civil society and social capital in the context of political change, followed by an analysis of the ways in which civil society and social capital are functional for the initiation and consolidation of democracies. It then considers the relationship between civil society and attitudes of trust and reciprocity, the function of networks and associations in democratization, paradoxes of civil society and social capital in new democracies, and main arguments cast against the idea that civic activism and attitudes are a necessary precondition for a modern democracy. The chapter argues that civil society and social capital and their relation to political and economic institutions are context specific.

Learning and Learning Capability in the Fordist and Post-Fordist Age: An Integrative Framework

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1255-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J Jin ◽  
R R Stough
Keyword(s):  
International Competition ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Learning Agents ◽  
Interfirm Networks ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diamond Model ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Transactional Learning

In this paper we use the concept of ‘learning capability’ to integrate several frameworks regarding the changing nature of industrial organization and international competition. In doing so, we emphasize the primacy of learning and learning capability in the post-Fordist world of international competition, with a focus on analyzing Fordist and post-Fordist forms of learning at various levels and their differing impact on the learning capability of firms in a regional context. First, we examine the organizational arrangements that promote individual and organizational learning within the firm, with special reference to the Japanese practices of lean and flexible production. Second, we introduce the concept of transactional learning to delineate various forms of Fordist and post-Fordist learning that occur in the marketplace. After reinterpreting Porter's (1990) diamond model as a market structure for transactional learning, we extend his work by emphasizing the role of interfirm networks in facilitating learning and learning capability. The focus of this analysis is on the importance of trust and reciprocity in maintaining effective information flow and cooperation within these networks. In doing so, we discuss differences in the social construction of trust and networks and their corresponding impact on dominant forms of learning and learning capability. We further introduce the concept of spatial learning for analyzing the role of industrial districts as learning agents. We conclude the paper with an examination of the concept of learning infrastructure as a general construct for policymaking regarding regional development and international competition in the post-Fordist age.

scholarly journals Gendered Social Capital Guiding Women Career Planning: A Quantitative study at University of the Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Sohail ◽  
Inam-ul-Haq ◽  
Raja Muhammad Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The University

Social capital is manifested through the relationships and networks that the human species own. Further, it is strengthened with trust and reciprocity. It inculcates the value of helping each other based on the principle of ‘Mutually Beneficial Actions’. Various actors and agents play their roles in producing the social capital, yet women play the most vital role in its production due to their domestic chores, more frequent engagement with family and neighborhood. Thus, it is an essential to know that if she takes an equivalent benefit from the social capital. The primary objective of the present research determines out the role of social capital in women’s career planning. The informal social networks, family, friends, and neighborhood are selected to the social capital. In the meantime, 150 female respondents from the University of the Punjab were selected using the non-probability convenience sampling technique from the final year of the Masters and Bachelors program. The findings of the study showed as the positive relation of social capital with career planning.

scholarly journals Active Learning on Trust and Reciprocity for Undergraduates

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Rodrigo-González ◽  
María Caballer-Tarazona ◽  
Aurora García-Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Earnings Information ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Reading Experiment ◽  
The University

We propose a teaching activity aimed at promoting social values, such as trust and reciprocity, among undergraduate students in economics and related degrees. We present our pilot experience of what we call RED–‘Reading–Experiment–Discussion’, a three-step activity as part of a class of a specific module at the University of Valencia. During the Reading step, we encourage students to reflect, learn, and critically think about social values. In the second step, Experiment, students make decisions in a trust game experiment, a game created to measure trust and reciprocity in economic environments. Students then give opinions through a post-experiment questionnaire. Our research hypotheses are tested by using non-parametric methods. We also investigate the association between students’ decisions and their attitudinal and sociodemographic characteristics by linear regression analysis. Experimental data show that decisions on trust and reciprocity are dependent on earnings information and that, on average, females trust more than males. Finally, in the Discussion step, the learning is reinforced by sharing the readings about morals and the experimental decisions. In short, RED may be of great help in transmitting to students the role of social preferences in individual decision making.

Inter-project knowledge transfer in project-based organizations: an organizational context perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 844-863
Author(s):  
Xu Ren ◽  
Zi Yan ◽  
Zhaojing Wang ◽  
Jingwen He
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Shared Culture ◽  
Project Characteristics

Purpose Numerous studies highlight the importance of knowledge transfer between projects, but the influence factors are still debated. As a contribution to the identified gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of organizational context, project characteristics and social relations in the inter-project knowledge transfer within the project-based organizations (PBOs). Design/methodology/approach This paper collects the data through 268 sample questionnaires from Chinese construction sectors and applies the structure equation modeling to analyze knowledge transfer between projects in PBOs. Findings The results indicate the organizational context (meeting system, reward system and shared culture) and project characteristics (similarity and urgency) are antecedents affecting social relations (communication, trust and reciprocity) between project teams, and their social relations further influence the effectiveness of inter-project knowledge transfer. Originality/value The study highlights the role of organizational context and effect of social relations for inter-project knowledge transfer in PBOs, and provides valuable suggestions for knowledge and project management in PBOs.

scholarly journals Relational Capital and Post-traumatic Growth: the Role of Work Meaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7362
Author(s):  
Ting Nie ◽  
Mi Tian ◽  
Hengrui Liang
Keyword(s):  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Meaning Of Work ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Work Meaning ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Statistical Survey ◽  
High Level

Through a statistical survey of 760 front-line medical staff during the COVID-19 epidemic, this study attempts to explore the relationships between relational capital, psychological security, post-traumatic growth and the meaning of work. Data analysis verifies that trust, reciprocity, and identification can promote post-traumatic growth by enhancing the individual’s psychological security. A high level of work meaning can enhance the role of trust, reciprocity and identification in promoting psychological security. Work meaning has a moderated mediating effect when trust and reciprocity affect post-traumatic growth through psychological security, but no moderated mediating effect is found when identification affects post-traumatic growth through psychological security.

Governance (The Iqbal Memorial Lecture)

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (4I) ◽  
pp. 355-384
Author(s):  
Paul P. Streeten
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Countries In Transition ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
The Many

The paper argues against the currently fashionable case for “state minimalism”. It argues for a strong, activist state, though operating on a different basis and in different areas from the many recently failed interventionist states and many developing countries. The paper seeks to rescue alternative perspectives, such as the importance of the “civil society” that cuts across national boundaries. Global participation is examined. “Market-friendly” interventions are welcomed only if they are “people-friendly”. The role of the civil society, the problems of the post-socialist countries and the role of the fashionable slogans privatisation, liberalisation, deregulation and decentralisation are analysed. These are seen to call for many qualifications. The links between democracy, capitalism and development are reviewed. The social capital of trust and reciprocity that is invested in norms and networks of civic life is seen as a vital factor of effective government and economic progress. Should economic reform precede political reform in the countries in transition? Some lessons can be learned for the developing countries from the countries in transition. An analysis of the politics and the political economy of development aid follow. Buffers between donors and recipients are suggested, such as mutual monitoring of each other’s performance by recipients, a council of wise men and women, or a secretariat with genuinely global loyalties. A quiet style in aid-giving is also an option, when potential improvers are rewarded, without the imposition of conditionality. The paper then goes on to a presentation of various theories of the state. A non-maximising theory is recommended. It ends with a set of policy conclusions for governments and for aid agencies.

scholarly journals Computational Psychometrics in Communication and Implications in Decision Making

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Cipresso ◽  
Daniela Villani ◽  
Claudia Repetto ◽  
Lucia Bosone ◽  
Anna Balgera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Investment Game ◽  
Economic Decision Making ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Behavioral Trust

Recent investigations emphasized the role of communication features on behavioral trust and reciprocity in economic decision making but no studies have been focused on the effect of communication on affective states in such a context. Thanks to advanced methods of computational psychometrics, in this study, affective states were deeply examined using simultaneous and synchronized recordings of gazes and psychophysiological signals in 28 female students during an investment game. Results showed that participants experienced different affective states according to the type of communication (personal versus impersonal). In particular, participants involved in personal communication felt more relaxed than participants involved in impersonal communication. Moreover, personal communication influenced reciprocity and participants’ perceptions about trust and reciprocity. Findings were interpreted in the light of the Arousal/Valence Model and self-disclosure process.

Book Reviews

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-462
Keyword(s):  
Ultimatum Game ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Florida State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Coordination Problems ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
The University

David J. Cooper of Florida State University reviews “Experiments in Economics: Playing Fair with Money” by Ananish Chaudhuri,. The EconLit Abstract of the reviewed work begins “Presents an overview of economic experiments, focusing on those that explore the role of fairness, generosity, trust, and reciprocity in economic transactions. Discusses the ultimatum game; trust and trustworthiness in everyday life; cooperation in social dilemmas; resolving coordination problems in organizations; and further economic implications of fairness and trust. Chaudhuri is Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Auckland. Bibliography; index.”

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