The Relationship Between Basic Research and Applied Research in Memory and Cognition

2014 ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
The Relationship

Applied Research in Weather Forecasting *

1952 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
General Analysis ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

A brief general analysis is made of the aims, methods, and uses of applied research in weather forecasting. The relationship between basic research in meteorology and applied forecasting research is discussed and the common ground between the two is pointed out.

scholarly journals Individual quality of life and the environment – towards a concept of livable areas for persons with disabilities in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Grabowska ◽  
Radosław Antczak ◽  
Jan Zwierzchowski ◽  
Tomasz Panek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities [1] highlights the need to create proper socioeconomic and political conditions for persons with disabilities, with a special focus on their immediate living conditions. According to the Convention, these conditions should be built to ensure that persons with disabilities have the potential to enjoy a high quality of life (QoL), and this principle is reflected in the notion of livable areas. The crucial aspect of this framework is the relationship between the individual QoL and the environment, broadly understood as the socioeconomic as well as the technical conditions in which persons with disabilities function. Methods The basic research problem was to assess the relationship between individual QoL for the population with disabilities as a dependent variable and livability indicators as independent variables, controlling for individual characteristics. The study used a dataset from the EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) survey carried out in 2015 in Poland. The research concept involved several steps. First, we created a variable measuring the QoL for the entire population with disabilities. To measure the multidimensional QoL, we used Sen’s capability approach as a general concept, which was operationalized by the MIMIC (multiple indicators multiple causes) model. In the second step, we identified the livability indicators available in the official statistics, and merged them with survey data. Finally, in the last step, we ran the regression analysis. We also checked the data for the nested structure. Results We confirmed that the general environmental conditions, focused on creating livable areas, played a significant role in shaping the QoL of persons with disabilities; i.e., we found that the higher the level of the local Human Development Index, the higher the quality of life of the individuals living in this area. This relationship held even after controlling for the demographic characteristics of the respondents. Moreover, we found that in addition to the general environmental conditions, the conditions created especially for persons with disabilities (i.e., services for this group and support for their living conditions) affected the QoL of these individuals. Conclusions The results illustrate the need to strengthen policies aimed at promoting the QoL of persons with disabilities by creating access to community assets and services that can contribute to improving the life chances of this population.

scholarly journals DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 Gene Polymorphisms and Laryngeal Cancer Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7486
Author(s):  
Mirosław Śnit ◽  
Maciej Misiołek ◽  
Wojciech Ścierski ◽  
Anna Koniewska ◽  
Grażyna Stryjewska-Makuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Allele Distribution ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

AIM, DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 are the cell glycoprotein, which play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. This study was designed to assess the association between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 SNPs and laryngeal cancer risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study including 267 patients with histologically confirmed laryngeal cancer and 157 controls. The relationship between genetic variations DIAPH2 (rs6620138), PTPRD (rs3765142) and HIC1 (rs9901806) and the onset of laryngeal cancer were investigated. Statistical analysis to calculate the relationship between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 genes polymorphism and pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer. RESULTS: The results showed that rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism could increase the onset risk of laryngeal cancer. Statistically significant differences in allele distribution of rs6620138 DIAPH2 and rs9901806 HIC1 in the case and control groups subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This study results suggested that genetic variation of rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism is related to the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer. Our results provide a basis to begin basic research on the role of DIAPH2 gene in the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer.

scholarly journals Relationship between NAFLD and Periodontal Disease from the View of Clinical and Basic Research, and Immunological Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3728
Author(s):  
Masahiro Hatasa ◽  
Sumiko Yoshida ◽  
Hirokazu Takahashi ◽  
Kenichi Tanaka ◽  
Yoshihito Kubotsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontopathic Bacteria ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model ◽  
The Relationship

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic oral microorganisms that leads to the destruction of alveolar bone and connective tissues around the teeth. Although many studies have shown that periodontal disease is a risk factor for systemic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and periodontal disease has not yet been clarified. Thus, the purpose of this review was to reveal the relationship between NAFLD and periodontal disease based on epidemiological studies, basic research, and immunology. Many cross-sectional and prospective epidemiological studies have indicated that periodontal disease is a risk factor for NAFLD. An in vivo animal model revealed that infection with periodontopathic bacteria accelerates the progression of NAFLD accompanied by enhanced steatosis. Moreover, the detection of periodontopathic bacteria in the liver may demonstrate that the bacteria have a direct impact on NAFLD. Furthermore, Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide induces inflammation and accumulation of intracellular lipids in hepatocytes. Th17 may be a key molecule for explaining the relationship between periodontal disease and NAFLD. In this review, we attempted to establish that oral health is essential for systemic health, especially in patients with NAFLD.

Basic and Applied Research in Education: Definitions, Distinctions, and Implications

1968 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research In Education ◽  
Basic And Applied Research

The author draws on the natural and social sciences to illustrate differences and interactions between applied and basic research in education. From this discussion he concludes that there is ample justification for further financial and intellectual support of the basic research component in education, and calls for a better balance in the support of basic and applied educational research.

scholarly journals The relationship between basic and applied research in universities

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter James Bentley ◽  
Magnus Gulbrandsen ◽  
Svein Kyvik
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Child Witness Expressions of Certainty are Informative

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Winsor ◽  
Heather D Flowe ◽  
Travis Morgan Seale-Carlisle ◽  
Isabella Killeen ◽  
Danielle Hett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
List Learning ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
Witness Literature ◽  
Police Lineup ◽  
Accuracy Relationship

Children are frequently witnesses of crime. In the witness literature and legal systems, children are often deemed to have unreliable memories. Yet, in the basic developmental literature, young children can monitor their memory. To address these contradictory conclusions, we reanalysed the confidence-accuracy relationship in basic and applied research. Confidence provided considerable information about memory accuracy, from at least age 8, but possibly younger. We also conducted an experiment where children in young- (4–6 years), middle- (7–9 years), and late- (10–17 years) childhood (N=2,205) watched a person in a video, and then identified that person from a police lineup. Children provided a confidence rating (an explicit judgement), and used an interactive lineup—in which the lineup faces can be rotated—and we analyzed children’s viewing behavior (an implicit measure of metacognition). A strong confidence-accuracy relationship was observed from age 10, and an emerging relationship from age 7. A constant likelihood ratio signal-detection model can be used to understand these findings. Moreover, in all ages, interactive viewing behavior differed in children who made correct versus incorrect suspect identifications. Our research reconciles the apparent divide between applied and basic research findings and suggests that the fundamental architecture of metacognition that has previously been evidenced in basic list-learning paradigms also underlies performance on complex applied tasks. Contrary to what is believed by legal practitioners, but similar to what has been found in the basic literature, identifications made by children can be reliable when appropriate metacognitive measures are used to estimate accuracy.

scholarly journals SENYAWA PENCEMAR ORGANIK YANG PERSISTEN (POPs): PENGERTIAN, JENIS, KARAKTERISTIK, DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA DI INDONESIA

OSEANA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ita Wulandari ◽  
Dede Falahudin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Indonesian Seas ◽  
National Implementation ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Implementation Plans

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been identified as representing a serious threat to the marine environment and received formal attention by nations worldwide including Indonesia as one of the signatories and ratified countries for the Stockholm Convention.  Due to their emerging issues, the study of POPs at all aspects is needed. Therefore, this paper attempts to review characteristics and toxicological properties of POPs, the current status of POPs National Implementation Plans (NIPs) in Indonesia, and propose future directions of POPs study in Indonesia from basic research such as monitoring of POPs distribution in Indonesian seas to applied research for example study of POPs alternative compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of similar-to-me effect on job satisfaction and organizational trust

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-262
Author(s):  
Ardashir Zahed ◽  
Farzad Sattari Ardabili
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Organizational Trust ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Relationship

The present study intended to investigate the effect of managers’ similar-to-me bias on the job satisfaction and organizational trust between public organizations staff. The current study is a descriptive-correlational applied research with quantitative data collection (questionnaire). The results of structural equation modeling analyses conducted for 80 employees of Public organizations in Ardabil, Iran, offered strong support for the proposed model. The results indicated that there was a statistically significant relationship between similar-to-me effect and job satisfaction; furthermore, organizational trust mediated the relationship between similar-to-me effect and job satisfaction. It is worth noting that there was a positive relationship between organizational trust and job satisfaction.

Abstract 100: Lower Probability of Aortic Aneurysm Diagnosis Among Patients With Chronic Cannabis Exposure, An Analysis of the 2012-2014 National Inpatient Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyinka C Adejumo ◽  
Samson Alliu ◽  
Oluwole M Adegbala ◽  
Nnaemeka E Onyeakusi ◽  
Tokunbo O Ajayi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Vascular Walls ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bioactive Agents ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Cannabis is a commonly utilized recreational substance which contains numerous bioactive agents. As more states legalize the use of marijuana, it’s effect on various disease conditions is expected to become more pronounced. Cannabis’ anti-inflammatory effects could suppress pro-inflammatory conditions. For example, chronic inflammation with extracellular matrix degradation resulting in weakness and abnormal dilatation of the aortic wall is a hallmark of Aortic Aneurysm. We, therefore, hypothesized that cannabis users would have less prevalence of aortic aneurysms. Objective: To identify the relationship between chronic cannabis use (CU) and diagnosis of aortic aneurysms (AA) among hospitalized patients. Methods: After selecting patients who were 55 years and above from 2012 to 2014 National Inpatient Sample database, we identified those who had a diagnosis of Aortic Aneurysm and those who utilize Cannabis. We then stratified the CU into two groups: nondependent (NDU) and dependent users (DU). Using logistic regression, we estimated the Odds Ratio (AOR) after controlling for numerous factors. Results: In our total 10,461,694 sample, 99.6% (10,419,972) are non-users, 0.37% (38,514) are nondependent users and 0.03% (3,208) are dependent users. About 3.21% (336,202) of the patients had a diagnosis of AA versus 96.79% (10,125,492) without a diagnosis of AA. Compared to non-users of cannabis, the odds of AA is about 35% less among CU (AOR 0.66[0.62-0.71]), 40% less among DU (aOR 0.58[0.44-0.76]), and 33% less among NDU (AOR 0.67[0.62-0.72]). The odds of AA was lower in females (AOR 0.61[0.60-0.610]), but higher in many conditions such as: among >=65 years (AOR 1.16[1.15-1.17]), tobacco users (AOR 1.18[1.17-1.19]), predisposing hereditary conditions (AOR 5.31[4.60-6.13]), and atherosclerosis (AOR 3.04[3.00-3.08]). Conclusions: Our result shows that Cannabis use is associated with less occurrence of AA. Cannabidiol, an anti-inflammatory alkaloid in Cannabis could potentially suppress the release of proteolytic inflammatory mediators which might be responsible for the gradual weakening of the vascular walls. We recommend more basic research to evaluate this effect of Cannabidiol.

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