scholarly journals Reform of the EU's Own Revenues and Covering ahe Expenditures Incurred by the Corona Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
Nikol Neveceralova
Keyword(s):  
National Income ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Financial Framework ◽  
European Stability Mechanism ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
The Eu

This contribution focus on the revenue side of the EU budget, which consists of own resources, divided into traditional resources, income in the form of a share of value-added tax, and gross national income. On 21 July 2020, the European Council agreed on a multiannual financial framework for the period 2021-2027, and in response to the pandemic situation associated with Covid-19, a temporary recovery instrument for the next generation of the EU was agreed. At the same time, from which it was apparent that it is necessary to find new own resources for the EU, and how the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) could be used to the consequences of the corona crisis. The author will focus mainly on issues on the revenue side of the Union budget and the role of the ESM. Within the ongoing debates when the result was the coronavirus response the question arises of whether it would be appropriate and effective to introduce a common tax for the EU. The main aim of the contribution is to use the descriptive method, the method of analysis and synthesis the revenue side system of the EU budget, and the reform efforts that culminated in the reform of own resources. In the last part of the article, the author using a descriptive method on how the ESM was activated as one of the walls to maintain the stability of the euro area. Including the view of introducing a common European tax as a fiscal instrument to cover the expenditures (debt) incurred related to coronavirus response i.e. recovery instrument Next Generation.

The Service Sector in the Economy in Poland and European Union Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
Walentyna Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Sector Theory ◽  
The Eu

The role of the service sector in the economy is increasing in the process of socio-economic development. This tendency has been confirmed and explained by the three-sector theory formulated by A.G.B. Fisher, C. Clark, and J. Fourastie. The main goal of the paper is to show development tendencies in service sectors in Poland and the EU countries and assess them in view of the three-sector theory. The share of the service sector in the total employment and in the total gross value added in the years 2005-2013/2014 will be analysed together with two sub-sectors including market and non-market services. The research shows that the share of the service sector in total employment and total gross value added has been recently increasing in Poland as well as in other EU countries, but there is a gap in this process between Poland and the most developed EU countries. Moreover, in Poland, the role of market services has been recently increasing much faster than the role of non-market services. 

scholarly journals A Cross-Country Measurement of the EU Bioeconomy: An Input–Output Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3033
Author(s):  
Kutay Cingiz ◽  
Hugo Gonzalez-Hermoso ◽  
Wim Heijman ◽  
Justus H. H. Wesseler
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Union Member ◽  
National Income ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Income Share ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
The Eu

This paper measures the development of the national income share of the bioeconomy for 28 European Union Member States (MS) and 16 industries of BioMonitor scope from 2005 to 2015. The paper proposes a model which includes the up- and downstream linkages using Input-Output tables. The results show that for the majority of the MS the value added of the up- and downstream sector is at the band of 40%–50% of the total bioeconomy value added and has on average increased since the financial crisis.

From Fiscal Compact to Fiscal Union? New Rules for the Eurozone

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 101-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Calliess
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Sovereign Default ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Fiscal Compact ◽  
European Stability Mechanism ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Eu

AbstractAs a consequence of the British veto a reform of the EU Treaty, with the aim to strengthen the stability of the eurozone by transferring new competences in the field of fiscal and economic policies, became impossible. Therefore an international Treaty, the so called Fiscal Compact, was concluded among 25 Member States of the EU. The contribution deals with the complex relationship between both Treaties, especially with the institutional arrangement. It argues that the Fiscal Compact is in comparison to the adopted secondary legislation, the so called Six Pack, of a rather symbolic nature. The more important is the legal link between Fiscal Compact and the European Stability Mechanism (ESM), which makes stability a precondition for European solidarity. European control of stability might interfere with the budget sovereignty of national parliaments but as stability is, since the Treaty of Maastricht, a legally binding principle of the European Monetary Union, its more efficient control is in line with former transfer of competence. Not least budget sovereignty is lost if an over-indebted Member State’s choice is just between sovereign default and financial aid by the ESM. A fully fledged European control of the national budget is therefore in the last resort legitimate.

scholarly journals The contribution of organized food retail to the Greek socio-economic development during the years of economic crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4, special issue) ◽  
pp. 326-335
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Zisoudis ◽  
Eleni Zafeiriou ◽  
Alexandros Garefalakis ◽  
Konstantinos Spinthiropoulos ◽  
Stavros Garefalakis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
National Income ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Chain Stores ◽  
Retail Chain ◽  
The Eu

The economic crisis in the EU had severe impacts not only on the performance of the domestic economy but also on the living standard for the citizens. The extended spread of this crisis resulted in limitation in the disposable income and significant negative changes have taken place with negative consequences for the corporate economic performance and competitiveness (de Jorge Moreno, Castillo, & de Zuani Masere, 2010). Within the dominance of certain conditions of economic crisis, there are a few firms that act as lighting exceptions. The present work makes an effort, to unveil the role of selected supermarket retail chain stores in the performance of certain macroeconomic parameters and therefore to illustrate the mechanism through which the restoration of the economy in Greece becomes feasible. More specifically, based on data derived by Eurostat and Greek National Statistics with the assistance of the findings of present analysis that validate a significant contribution of the firms studied to macroeconomic parameters such as national income or employment it may provide policymakers with knowledge tools to promote corporate efforts of this type and in sequence to lead the macroeconomic system in a trajectory of economic growth.

scholarly journals Diversification of export territories of family businesses as a tool of their further development

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naděžda Petrů ◽  
Andrea Tomášková ◽  
Monika Krošláková
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Family Business ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Eu

Family business is the largest global source of jobs in the private sector, whose multigenerational nature strengthens the stability of individual economies. A competitive small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector into which family businesses are classified is an essential prerequisite for the full-fledged integration of any economy into the global economic space. For the Czech economy, the importance of foreign trade is increasing, and is dependent on the capabilities of companies to expand to foreign markets. The goal of this article is to identify involvement of the generation of successors to export activities of family business, focusing on diversifying export territories in relation to structure of the industry A secondary goal is to discuss the demand mechanisms for SMEs/family business oriented toward export. The scientific hypotheses defined are focused on demonstrating a dependency between the diversification of export territories, the involvement of the generation of successors in the management of the company and structure of industry. Authors have demonstrated that family businesses managed by the first generation of founders export primarily to the territories of Slovakia, Germany, and the EU. Companies where the next generation contributes to management diversify territorial risk and also export outside the EU countries. A significant correlation was demonstrated between automotive industry and Germany, Slovakia and country outside the EU and mechanical engineering and country outside the EU. The uniqueness of this article lies in the topicality of the real transition of Czech family businesses to the next generation, which carries out foreign trade to promote the further development and sustainability of the family business for future generations.

scholarly journals The evolving role of EU Regional Policy: Implications for Australia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Wilson
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
External Action ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Financial Framework ◽  
Social Recovery ◽  
Global Influence ◽  
The Eu

In 2013, ANZJES published an article on the significance of European Union (EU) Regional Policy in the process of European integration and its implications for Asia. Over the past decade, EU Regional Policy has evolved considerably. It is still centred on facilitating European integration, but also assumes a much more central role in focusing attention on harnessing resources, intellectual and economic, in order to address major societal missions. Regional Policy, or Cohesion, funds constitute approximately one third of the total European Commission budget and are, therefore, not only an important resource for integration, but also for addressing the wider priorities around the European Green Deal, and indeed, the planet. This is evident in the proposed Multiannual Financial Framework agreed by the European Council for 2021-27, in which Cohesion funding is seen to be a crucial resource for economic and social recovery from the COVID-19 crisis. This article reviews the evolution of this thinking in the last decade and considers its growing international significance. Whilst not necessarily imagined in 2010, when the EU established its European External Action Service (EEAS), a focus on regions and their innovation systems has enabled the EU to strengthen its global influence significantly.

TRANSFORMATION OF THE VALUE ADDED TAX ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL REALTY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
E. A. KIROVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Modern Information

The article deals with the problems of transformation of the administration of value added tax (VAT)in the digital reality. The analysis of tax revenues to the budget is carried out and the role of this tax as a budget-forming one is shown. The article describes the schemes of VAT minimization with the use of "disputed" counterparties, increasing the real cost of products. The methods of the system approach, analysis and synthesis, as well as abstraction and generalization are used. Conclusions are drawn about the possibility of tax authorities by using modern information technologies and automated systems to effectively identify schemes for avoiding VAT taxation.

THE EU’S SHRINKING SHARE IN GLOBAL MANUFACTURING: A VALUE CHAIN DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. R19-R32
Author(s):  
Robert Marschinski ◽  
David Martínez-Turégano
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global Manufacturing ◽  
A Value ◽  
Industry Policy ◽  
The Eu

The EU´s falling share in global manufacturing has fuelled concerns about an overall loss of EU competitiveness, in particular vis-à-vis China. We analyse the empirical evidence underlying these concerns by applying a newly developed decomposition technique to global input-output data spanning the years 2000 to 2014. Our results confirm the diminishing role of the EU in manufacturing value chains, but also show that this is mostly, by nearly 75 per cent, a consequence of the geographical and sectoral reallocation of global demand, reflecting the lower economic growth in the EU relative to the rest of the world. Still, the other almost 25 per cent of the EU’s loss of global share is explained by its lower participation in manufacturing value chains, which confirms a downturn in EU competitiveness. By extending the analysis to individual manufacturing activities we show that this general trend is more pronounced for low-tech (e.g. textiles) than high-tech sectors, with pharmaceuticals emerging as the most resilient EU industry. Policy concerns appear to be most warranted for electronics, a key sector for which the EU´s global share fell even more than for overall manufacturing, without evidence that EU value added from upstream service inputs could significantly mitigate this trend.

scholarly journals Own resources in the light of European Council Conclusions on the MFF and next generation EU

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Romana Buzková
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
European Council ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Original Proposal ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Financial Framework ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Group ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Budget Revenue

The article deals with the system of EU own resources which is currently formed by traditional own resources, VAT-based resource and GNI-based resource. The system and its potential reform have been subject of scientific and political debates for many years. On 21 July 2020, the European Council agreed on the multiannual financial framework 2021-2027 and a specific recovery instrument Next Generation EU. The European Council conclusions also confirmed the need to reform the existing system and to introduce new own resources (e.g. resource based on non-recycled plastic waste). Therefore, this article aims to elaborate on the EU own resources and their future post-2020. The methods of description, analysis, comparison, and synthesis were used for writing this contribution. First, the current system of EU budget revenue is analysed. Second, reform efforts since the establishment of the High Level Group on Own Resources are described. Third, the European Commission’s original proposal from 2018 is compared to the European Council conclusions.

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