scholarly journals Economic losses due to clinical lameness in Kosovo dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindita Ibishi ◽  
Arben Musliu ◽  
Blerta Mehmedi ◽  
Agim Rexhepi ◽  
Curtic R. Youngs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Average Annual Cost ◽  
The Cost

The health of dairy cows is an important factor affecting the profitability of dairy farms worldwide, and lameness is regarded as one of the most costly dairy cattle diseases. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic cost of cow lameness among Kosovo dairy farms. Data collected from 56 dairy farms were analysed with a farm-level stochastic (Monte Carlo) simulation model to estimate the cost of lameness. Lameness-associated sources of economic loss examined within the model included: reduced milk production, treatment cost, discarded milk, reduced cow body weight, and premature culling. Results showed that prevalence of lameness among cows on Kosovo dairy farms ranged from 17% to 39%. The average annual cost of lameness was estimated at €338.57 per farm (or €46.25 per cow). Reduced milk production was the largest financial contribution to the cost of lameness (45% of total economic loss) followed by premature culling (31% of total economic loss). Discarded milk, reduced cow body weight, and cost of treatment each contributed approximately 8% to the total economic loss. These findings indicate that dairy farmers need to be more cognizant of the financial losses associated with lameness and should be encouraged to implement management strategies to reduce lameness as a means of enhancing farm profitability.

scholarly journals Financial and economic analyses of the impact of cattle mastitis on the profitability of Egyptian dairy farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1750-1759
Author(s):  
M. F. Azooz ◽  
Safaa A. El-Wakeel ◽  
H. M. Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
The Impact

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and quantify the different factors affecting the costs of mastitis in cattle, to quantify the annual and monthly financial losses attributed to mastitis, and to estimate production losses using average linear scores found on The Dairy Herd Improvement Association somatic cell count (SCC) sheets and bulk tank SCC per lactation number. Materials and Methods: All data (bovine mastitis-associated costs and expenditures in Egyptian dairy herds) were analyzed using SPSS/PCT, 2001. A partial budget technique using spreadsheet software and the general linear model procedure was used to analyze the productive and financial measures. Results: Mastitis was present in 57.1% of cows (240/420), while clinical mastitis (CM) was present in 19% of them (80/420). The geometric mean of SCC/ml in bulk tank milk samples of 150 cattle dairy farms was 556.3×103. The annual subclinical mastitis (SCM)-related economic loss was 21,933,258.6 LE, and the two most important cost components were the subsequent decrease in milk production and quality premium losses (93% and 7% of SCM costs, respectively). The quality premium loss was 1,369,602.1 LE. On the other hand, the annual economic loss due to decreased milk production as a result of SCM was 20,563,656.5 LE. The total cost of 80 CM cases, including the failure and preventive costs, was 1,196,871.4 LE, including 1,169,150.4 LE failure costs (106,336.0 LE in direct costs and 1,062,814.4 LE in indirect costs) and 27,721.0 LE preventive costs. The average cost per CM case was 28,760.9 LE, including veterinary time and consultation fees of 250.0 LE (1%), labor 562.5 LE (2%), premature culling 736,000.0 LE (77%), decreased milk production 4085.18 LE (13.7%), discarded milk 185.3 LE (1%), and drugs and treatments 328.9 LE (1%). The total costs of CM (expenditures) extra control and preventive measures, including the diagnosis of CM for 80 cows annually in 20 Egyptian dairy farms were 27,721.0 LE, representing 346.5 LE or 1% of the total cost of CM cases. The cost of monitoring and diagnostic measures was 8635.2 LE, representing 107.9 LE or 1% of the total cost of a case of CM. Conclusion: The method used for cost estimation, in this study, is highly adaptable to individual cattle farms and had a major role in assessing specific control and management measures. The concepts described in this paper help to improve our understanding of the full economic impact of clinical and subclinical mastitis in cattle in Egypt. Assessing the economic losses from mastitis to determine the economic costs and losses occurring in Egyptian dairy farms is critical for encouraging farmers to acknowledge the scale of the problem and implement effective management practices aimed at improving mastitis control and reducing the associated costs.

scholarly journals Economic Impacts of Clinical and Sub Clinical Mastitis on Dairy Farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Islam Aqib ◽  
Afshan Muneer ◽  
Muhammad Shafeeq ◽  
Nimra Kirn
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Invasive Infection

Studies have reported on the economic impacts of clinical and subclinical mastitis on dairy farms. Bovine mastitis is a disorder that affects dairy farms and has a major economic impact. Most of the economic losses are the result of mastitis. Mastitis is an invasive infection that is among the most numerous and highly complicated infections in the dairy sector. Mastitis is one of the most expensive diseases in terms of production losses among animal diseases. Mastitis reduces milk production, changes milk composition, and shortens the productive life of infected cows. Farmers must concentrate on avoiding mastitis infection whilst putting in place and following a mastitis control programed. Bovine mastitis, the most significant disease of dairy herds, has huge effects on farm economics. Mastitis losses are due to reduced milk production, the cost of treatments, and culling. Major factors related to low milk yield could be low genetic potential as well as poor nutritional and managerial approaches. Most of the losses are related to somatic cell count (SCC), which is characterised by an increase in the percentage of milk. Culling costs are the costs of rearing or buying a replacement animal, mostly heifers. Overhead impacts include the replacement animals' lower milk supply effectiveness. The expense of replacing animals prematurely due to mastitis is one of the most significant areas of economic loss.

scholarly journals CRITERIA FOR ECONOMIC EVALUATION UNPRODUCTIVE COSTS FOR DAIRY CATTLE MAINTENANCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
M. V. Hladiy ◽  
O. V. Kruglyak ◽  
I. S. Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Organization Of Production ◽  
The Cost

Costs are an important economic category that have a decisive influence on the definition of pricing policies and the formation of financial performance of the enterprise, characterizing the level of organization of production and application of technologies. According to expediency of their spending, costs are divided into productive and unproductive. Unproductive costs arise in the event of a violation of technology, deficiencies in the organization of production, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the economic evaluation of unproductive costs in breeding dairy cattle is carried out in order to determine their volume and specific weight in total expenses. An economic evaluation unproductive costs for dairy cattle maintenance should be carried out on the basis of criteria that take into account the main factors affecting the efficiency. These criteria include innovation, production, market, social and environmental. Their assessment under all criteria is conducted using the methods of economic analysis. The reasons and dynamics of their emergence should be the subject of a thorough study of management accounting and financial management of enterprises. According to the analysis of the structure of the cost of livestock production in state enterprises "Experimental farm "Niva" and "Experimental farm "Khrystynivske" that are part of the network of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets NAAS (Cherkasy region) (Table 1 ), in the structure of the cost of milk production the largest share is the cost of feed (42.6%) and labor remuneration combined with accrual (20.4%). In the production of live weight of cattle for feed and wages account for 76.6% of all costs. Rational use of feed is one of the main ways to strengthen the economy of the enterprise. In order to avoid unproductive costs, it is necessary to observe all technological stages of production, storage, distribution and feeding of forages. Provision for increasing the efficiency of feed costs is to increase the conversion of feed to products and reduce the cost of the diet and its individual components. In particular, finding suppliers with lower prices for concentrated feeds and milk replacers, growing fodder crops with higher nutrition. The system for keeping animals is also important. For example, with untied, labor costs by 67% lower than with tied, the profitability of milk production is increased by 4%. The most economic losses to farms are caused by diseases of the mammary gland, which lead to a decrease in the milk productivity of cows, the quality of milk; an increase in the incidence of calves, and the abandonment of livestock. At present, the total unproductive costs of udder disease are estimated at the equivalent of 5-8% of the gross annual income, or from 2.6 to 4.1 thousand UAH. per cow. Other unproductive costs of dairy cattle maintenance of productivity direction are financial losses from the reduction of genetic potential, prolongation of the interotional period, the reduction of duration of the economic use of cows, the low quality of milk and the non-equivalent milk sales prices. Comprehensive economic assessment of unproductive costs, determined in accordance with innovative production, market, social and environmental criteria, will allow, in conditions of relative limited resources, to ensure the effective management of production processes of breeding dairy cattle, aimed at increasing profits.

Comparison of milk production, mastitis, lameness and days to conception of Brown Swiss, Holstein and Holstein cross Brown Swiss dairy cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
G Wellwood ◽  
J K Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Mastitis is a complex disease causing inflammation of the udder, which has been estimated to cost the dairy farmer between £40-£117/cow per year (Stott et al., 2002). Economic loss occurs as a result of discarded milk, reduced milk yield and milk quality, increased vet costs and an increase in replacement costs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of breed on the incidence of mastitis and somatic cell counts and milk production capabilities of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Brown Swiss crossbred cows.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the milk production of dairy cattle in northern rural areas of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Begum ◽  
M Anaruzzaman ◽  
MSI Khan ◽  
M Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Factors Affecting

A cross sectional study was conducted to observe the factors affecting the productive performance of dairy cattle from northern rural areas of Bangladesh during July and September 2013. Data of 105 cows, 85 (80.95%) from local and 20 (19.05%) cows from cross breed, were randomly selected for the study. A binary logistic regression, expressed by odds ratio with 95% confidence interval, was done to determine the association of daily milk production categorized into ? 2 and > 2 liters (L), based on median, with the significant explanatory variables of body weight, age at first calving, lactation period, vitamin use, type of floor and milking person. The result demonstrated that the probability of milk production of >2 L was 6.16, 4.5, 20.65 and 5.7 times higher from the with animal body weight of >140 kg, age at first calving of >36 m, lactation period of >8 m and vitamin use than that of body weight of 140 kg, age at first calving of ?36 m, lactation period of ? 8 m, and not vitamin used respectively. The chance of milk production of > 2 L was 0.25 and 0.22 times lower for mud floor, and owner milking than that of brick floor and gowala (professional milking person) respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i2.22646 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (2): 41-45, December, 2014

scholarly journals PREVALENSI CACING HATI SAPI PERAH PADA PETERNAKAN RAKYAT DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Siswanto Siswanto ◽  
Madi Hartono ◽  
Purnama Edy Santosa ◽  
Sri Suharyati ◽  
Hindun Larasati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Faecal Samples

The study was conducted on dairy cattle livestock at Lampung Province in July - August 2012, aiming to determine the prevalence of liver worms. Disease in livestock caused by liver worm infections are called Fasciolosis. Fasciolosis is an important parasitic disease because it can cause high economic losses. The research method was the census method. Data retrieval were 125 dairy cattle faecal samples from people's dairy farms in Lampung Province. The datas obtained were analyzed descriptively. Examination of faecal samples was carried out at the Lampung Veterinary Center using the Sedimentation Test. The results showed the prevalence of liver worms in dairy cattle in Lampung Province was 12.00%, 15 dairy cattle those were positively infested by liver worms. The highest dairy cattle prevalence in West Lampung Regency at 33.33%, while the lowest prevalence is in dairy cattle in Bandar Lampung City and Tanggamus Regency at 0%. Keywords:  Dairy Cattle Livestock, Lampung Province, Liver Worms, Prevalence, Sedimentation Test

Linear and threshold model genetic parameters for disease, fertility and milk production in dairy cattle

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 83-84
Author(s):  
H. N. Kadarmideen ◽  
R. Thompson ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Fertility Traits

A combination of better management and genetic selection for good health and fertility would provide a more effective long term solution for economic loss due to diseases and poor fertility. This would also help to address public concerns about the use of medical treatment in milk production. A balance in the genetic improvement of health and fertility together with milk production could be achieved through their inclusion in national genetic selection indices, for which genetic parameters are needed. One of the main objectives of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for various disease and fertility traits in the UK dairy cattle population, using records from a national recording scheme run by Livestock Services UK Ltd. Genetic analysis of traits recorded as present or absent (binary traits; e.g. diseases) requires the use of non-linear threshold models, because linear models require normality assumptions (e.g., Gianola 1982). The other objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for binary disease and fertility traits based on threshold animal models and to compare results with those from linear animal models.

scholarly journals Calving traits, milk production, body condition, fertility, and survival of Holstein-Friesian and Norwegian Red dairy cattle on commercial dairy farms over 5 lactations

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 5206-5218 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.P. Ferris ◽  
D.C. Patterson ◽  
F.J. Gordon ◽  
S. Watson ◽  
D.J. Kilpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Production Body ◽  
Calving Traits

scholarly journals Economic impact of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds: a review 

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 193-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hasonova ◽  
I. Pavlik
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Genetic Value

Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a disease which causes considerable economic losses to producers of livestock, particularly dairy cows. Nowadays PTB is one of the most prevailing and costly infectious diseases of dairy cattle. The purpose of the present study was to review economic losses, which may be caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) above all in herds of dairy cattle. The most important losses caused by the presence of clinically ill animals have been thoroughly described: loss of milk production and poor body condition followed by death or culling. In contrast, losses arising from a subclinical disease have not been well documented and contradictory results have been published to date. The calculation of losses caused by PTB depends to a certain degree on the production system in a herd, efficiency level, herd management system and other factors. Direct economic losses are above all caused by decreased milk production concurrent to increased incidence of mastitis, changes in milk parameters and increased somatic cell counts, reproductive dysfunctions, poor feed conversion, shortened production age and increased predisposition to other diseases etc. Indirect economic losses are caused by premature culling of animals and their unrealized future income, expenses for non-active production, herd replacement, diagnostic testing, “unnecessary” veterinary care and establishing disease control programmes. Genetic value of animals and their progeny is lost. Last but not least, the reputation of the farm where MAP infected animals are kept is lost for a long-time, which is also important.

EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES: EXPERIENCE OF DAIRY FARMS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1589-1599
Author(s):  
G.U. Akimbekova ◽  
◽  
A.B. Baimukhanov ◽  
U.R. Kaskabaev ◽  
D.V. Serdobintsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the economic efficiency of the use of innovative technologies in dairy farms, in particular, the technology of keeping calves on the example of three dairy farms containing 1000 or more dairy cows (AIC “Adal” JSC, Aidarbayev farm, LLP “Agrofirm“ Dinara-Ranch “of the Almaty region), which made it possible to determine the development potential of these farms, to give an economic assessment of the level of production. The presented calculation of the economic efficiency of model farms for the dairy industry of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan made it possible to ensure a reasonable transfer and adaptation of technologies for the automation of technological processes for the production of livestock products in dairy cattle breeding in Kazakhstan, which will contribute to the achievement of goals, objectives and indicators as part of the implementation of the State Program for the Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017-2021 Reducing the volume of milk production and the level of its consumption is a technological backwardness, since the share of dairy farms using modern technologies and equipment is 10-15% of their total number. In addition, the equipment of new and reconstructed dairy complexes and farms does not always correspond to modern technological requirements for keeping and feeding highly productive livestock. As a result, their biological potential is far from being fully realized, which negatively affects the provision of the population with milk and dairy products of domestic production. Taking into account the long duration of the reproduction cycle and the low rate of capital turnover in dairy cattle breeding, the introduction of innovations occurs in the sub-industry with some delay compared to other sub-sectors (pig and poultry farming). One of the tools for modernizing dairy farming in the current conditions is the introduction of modern digital, information and intelligent technologies (artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and the industrial Internet). Their implementation can turn milk production into a high-tech business, increase labor productivity due to the emergence of super-productive animal breeds, solutions for accelerated selection; high quality feed and veterinary drugs; innovative delivery services.

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