Effect of Storage at 45° F (7° C) on Keeping Quality of Five Chironja Clones

The chironja is a citrus fruit with some morphological characteristics of the orange (Citrus sinensis) and some of the grapefruit (Citrus paradisi). Because of the lack of information on the response of chironja to storage conditions, a study was conducted to evaluate its keeping quality. Five clones grown at the Corozal Substation were used for this study. The fruit was harvested at 5 and 7 months after fruit set date. Clean fruit was stored in polyethylene gags at 7° C and 90% relative humidity for 70 days. Differences in quality and chemical composition of the five clones of fruit were studied. Appearance and flavor of the fruit were found acceptable throughout the storage period. However, fruit stored between 25 and 55 days, regardless of the age of the fruit at harvesting, was preferred. The gas chromatographic pattern of peel oil of the fruit was similar for all clones. Higher concentrations were found in some fractions from the 7-month harvest. No significant difference was found in the flavor of the five clones. A decrease in the percentage of reducing and total sugars was noticed during the first month of storage in fruit harvested 5 months after fruit set, in contrast to an increase in the percentage of total sugars in fruit harvested 7 months after fruit set. Weight loss of fruit throughout the storage period was less than 1% for all clones, irrespective of their age at harvest. In general, there were more significant differences in chemical composition with respect to clones of fruit harvested at 7 months than those harvested at 5 months after fruit set.

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Development of low alcoholic naturally carbonated fermented debittered beverage from grapefruit (Citrus paradisi)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v8i3.1017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1649-1653 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Pandove ◽

P. Sahota ◽

N. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Reducing Sugars ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Citrus Fruit ◽

Its Region ◽

Citrus Paradisi ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Citrus Juice ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Total Yeast

A pure yeast Clavispora lusitaniae, isolated from whey beverage, phenotypically characterized and molecularly characterized by sequencing of D1/D2 domain of 26S rRNA and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region was used to produce low alcoholic naturally carbonated fermented debittered beverage from Grapefruit. C. lusitaniae produces enzyme naringinase. This enzyme is a mixture of Î±-L-rhamnosidase and Î²-D-glucosidase. The bitter component in citrus fruit, naringin can be hydrolyzed by Î±-L-rhamnosidase to rhamnose and prunin then by Î²-glucosidase to glucose and naringenin. The freshly prepared fermented Grapefruit beverage had TSS 14 Â°B, pH 4.7, acidity 0.26%, brix acid ratio 53.85, total sugars 11.6%, reducing sugars 3.34%, ascorbic acid 21.9 mg/100 ml, naringin 643.2 ppm, alcohol 0.00% (v/v), CO2 0.00 bar and total yeast count 5.83 (Log no.of cells/ml). Physico-chemical changes recorded after three months of storage at refrigerated temperature revealed TSS 12.0 Â°B, pH 4.2, acidity 0.54%, brix acid ratio 22.22, total sugars 8.97%, reducing sugars 1.94%, ascorbic acid 18.45 mg/100 ml, naringin 365.2 ppm, alcohol 0.76 % (v/v), CO2 1.35 bar and total yeast count 8.54 (Log no.of cells/ml). Naturally produced CO2 by C. lusitaniae during fermentation adds effervescence, sparkle, tangy taste to the beverage in addition to its antimicrobial properties. Thus bio-enzymatic debittering by C. lusitaniae may become the new direction of citrus juice processing in the future, due to its economical viability with strong ability to remove the bitter taste from citrus juice beverage.

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Assessment of in Vivo Antimicrobials Effect of some Medicinal Plants Seeds on Broilers Meat Keeping Quality

Academic Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.32861/ajls.62.8.12 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 8-12

Author(s):

Mohamed Elkhatim ◽

Abdelmageed Hyder O. Abdalla ◽

Omer H. Arabi ◽

Babiker M. S. ◽

Abdel Moneim E. Sulieman

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Broiler Meat ◽

Antimicrobial Effects ◽

Black Cumin ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Keeping Quality

The aim of the study is to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial effect of some natural products, that include seeds of: Black cumin Fenugreek, Moringa olefera, Clitoria ternatea, Sunflower and Vit E on broiler meat keeping quality. One hundred and five one day old male chicks were used. They were allotted to 7 treatments with 3 replications each in CRD design .The chicks were fed balanced rations supplemented with tested seeds and Vit E. In vivo antimicrobial effects of tested seeds were measured using the serial dilution method on chickens breast samples at fresh, - 4oC and at – 20oC for 30 days. The tested seeds had an in vitro antifungal and antimicrobial effect on Gram + ve and Gram -ve bacteria. The in vivo antimicrobial effects of tested seeds showed no significant at fresh and -20oC storage conditions; however, there was a significant difference among treatments at – 4oC-storage condition. Nevertheless, there was a significant difference among storage conditions. Generally, the results demonstrated that the tested seeds can be used as an in vitro antimicrobial natural source.

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Formulation, Preparation and Preservation of Lemon (Citrus limon L.) Cordial

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3755 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 125-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MOH Helali ◽

M Ibrahim ◽

MZ Shafique ◽

MM Rahman ◽

SK Biswas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Key Words ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Reducing Sugar ◽

Citrus Limon ◽

Keeping Quality

Lemon cordial was prepared and its storage conditions were studied. The prepared cordial was kept in 250 ml sterilized glass bottles, sealed and stored at ambient temperature (22°- 37°C) for 360 days. The chemical composition, keeping quality and consumers acceptability of the product was analyzed at an interval of 15 days up to 120 days and then at an interval of 30 days upto360 days. Except vitamin C content, no noticeable change was observed during the storage. Key words: Lemon, Cordial, Citric acid, Ascorbic acid, Reducing sugar, Non-reducing sugar DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3755 J. bio-sci. 16: 125-127, 2008

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Effects of 1-MCP and dynamic controlled atmosphere on apple fruit rot caused by Fusarium avenaceum

Pesticidi i fitomedicina ◽

10.2298/pif1802109t ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 109-117

Author(s):

Jelena Tarlanovic ◽

Mladen Petres ◽

Mila Grahovac ◽

Biserka Milic ◽

Nenad Magazin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Storage Period ◽

Apple Fruit ◽

Fruit Rot ◽

Fusarium Avenaceum ◽

Controlled Atmosphere ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Apple Fruits

Fusarium species are increasingly detected as the causal agents of decay of stored apple fruits. Fusarium avenaceum is particularly significant due to its predominant occurrence among Fusarium species in stored apple fruits and its ability to produce mycotoxins. Treatments with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and different storage conditions affect the aggressiveness of F. avenaceum and development of fungal-caused decay in stored apple fruits. In this study, apple fruits (cv. ?Granny Smith?) were treated with 1-MCP, and artificially inoculated with F. avenaceum. The isolate used for inoculation, originating from apple fruit, was identified based on morphological characteristics and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a species-specific primer pair (FA-ITSF and FA-ITSR) for F. avenaceum. After inoculation, treated and untreated fruits were stored at room temperature and cold-stored under dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA). Diameters of necrotic lesions were measured after 7, 14 and 21 days of incubation on fruits stored at room temperature, while necrosis diameters on DCA-stored fruits were measured immediately at the end of storage period (143 days), and after 7, 14 and 21 days of additional incubation at room temperature. The results show that treatment with 1-MCP inhibits the development of F. avenaceum on apple fruits during storage under DCA. However, after storage, i.e. during incubation at room temperature, no significant difference between 1-MCP-treated and untreated fruits was observed. On fruits stored at room temperature only, no difference between 1-MCP-treated and untreated fruits was observed. However, 1-MCP-treated fruits stored at room temperature only developed significantly smaller necrosis lesions compared to 1-MCP-treated and DCA stored fruits. It infers that both 1-MCP treatment and DCA storage inhibit fungal decay caused by F. avenaceum on apple fruits. However, the effects do not persist after storage.

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719 PB 429 EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON CERTAIN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAPEFRUIT PEEL

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.536b ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 536b-536

Author(s):

Roy E. McDonald ◽

Philip E. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Citrus Fruit ◽

Taste Preference ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Juice Quality ◽

Citrus Paradisi ◽

Control Fruit ◽

Significant Difference

Preharvest gibberellic acid (GA) applications at 10 ppm in 0.1% L-77 (v/v) surfactant or 20 ppm in 0.05% L-77 (v/v) caused `Marsh' grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) to be significantly more resistant to puncture and significantly delayed yellow color development. There was no difference between the two GA rates and applications in July were not found to be as effective as August or September applications. There was an overall significant increase in peel oil content in flavedo tissue as a result of GA treatment, but no significant difference between GA treatments. Limonin contents in GA-treated grapefruit albedo tissue were generally higher at both GA levels than in control fruit. GA treatments had no effect on juice quality characteristics and there was no difference in taste preference between GA-treated and control fruit. Because citrus fruit are resistant to attack by tephritid fruit flies prior to the occurrence of peel senescence and GA delays peel senescence, GA treatment should provide a biorational addition to existing fruit fly control strategies.

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Stoking residue from extraction of cassava starch without the use of storage technologies

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20131602 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 405-411

Author(s):

Cleovani Rossi Javorski ◽

Maximiliane Alavarse Zambom ◽

Magali Soares dos Santos Pozza ◽

Tatiane Fernandes ◽

Deise Dalazen Castagnara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Block Design ◽

Storage Period ◽

Cassava Starch ◽

Linear Effect ◽

Ph Values ◽

Chemical Evaluation ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Storage Technologies

The purpose of this paper was to study the storage of the residue from the extraction of cassava starch without the use of storage technologies, through chemical evaluation, pH values, temperature, development of microorganisms and mycotoxins. A randomized block design was used with eight treatments (different storage periods: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 days) and five replications. There was a significant difference for DM content, as a function of days in storage. The chemical composition of the residue from the extraction of cassava starch did not changed throughout the storage period. A negative linear effect was obtained for the pH values, which decreased with days in storage. There was significance of the storage period only for the fungus and yeast population, which increased up to 17 days of storage, with subsequent reduction. Mycotoxins were detected in the residue from the extraction of cassava starch. Despite it did not showed changes in the chemical composition the storage of residue from the extraction of cassava starch for 21 days proved to be an inefficient preservation process, due to the development of molds and mycotoxins

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Do s genes or deleterious recessives control late-acting self-incompatibility in Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Bignoniaceae)? A diallel study with four full sib progeny arrays

Annals of Botany ◽

10.1093/aob/mcab031 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marta B Bianchi ◽

Thomas R Meagher ◽

Peter E Gibbs

Keyword(s):

Genetic Control ◽

Inbreeding Depression ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Genetic Model ◽

Pollen Tubes ◽

Self Incompatibility ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Partial Embryo ◽

Ovule Penetration ◽

S Genes

Abstract Background and Aims Genetically controlled self-incompatibility (SI) mechanisms constrain selfing and thus have contributed to the evolutionary diversity of flowering plants. In homomorphic gametophytic SI (GSI) and homomorphic sporophytic SI (SSI), genetic control is usually by a single multi-allelic locus S. Both GSI and SSI prevent self pollen tubes reaching the ovary and so are pre-zygotic in action. In contrast, in taxa with late-acting self-incompatibility (LSI), rejection is often post-zygotic, since self-pollen tubes grow to the ovary where fertilization may occur prior to floral abscission. Alternatively, lack of self fruit set could be due to early-acting inbreeding depression (EID). The aim of our study was to investigate mechanisms underlying lack of selfed fruit set in Handroanthus heptaphyllus in order to assess the likelihood of LSI versus EID. Methods We employed four full sib diallels to study the genetic control of LSI in Handroanthus heptaphyllus using a precociously flowering variant. We also used fluorescence microscopy to study the incidence of ovule penetration by pollen tubes in pistils that abscised following pollination or initiated fruits. Key Results All diallels showed reciprocally cross-incompatible full-sibs (RCI), reciprocally cross compatible full-sibs (RCC), and non-reciprocally compatible full-sibs (NRC) in almost equal proportions. There was no significant difference between the incidence of ovule penetrations in abscised pistils following self- and cross-incompatible pollinations, but those in successful cross pollinations were around twofold greater. Conclusions A genetic model postulating a single S locus with four s alleles, one of which, in the maternal parent, is dominant to the other three, will produce RCI, RCC and NRC situations each at 33 %, consistent with our diallel results. We favour this simple genetic control over an early-acting inbreeding depression (EID) explanation since none of our pollinations, successful or unsuccessful, resulted in partial embryo development, as would be expected under a whole genome EID effect.

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Identification of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Causing Fruit Rot of Citrus in China

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020202 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 202

Author(s):

Jianghua Chen ◽

Zihang Zhu ◽

Yanping Fu ◽

Jiasen Cheng ◽

Jiatao Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Elongation Factor ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Citrus Fruit ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Fruit Rot ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Postharvest Diseases ◽

Citrus Reticulata Blanco

Considering the huge economic loss caused by postharvest diseases, the identification and prevention of citrus postharvest diseases is vital to the citrus industry. In 2018, 16 decayed citrus fruit from four citrus varieties—Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu), Ponkan (Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Ponkan), Nanfeng mandarin (Citrus reticulata cv. nanfengmiju), and Sugar orange (Citrus reticulata Blanco)—showing soft rot and sogginess on their surfaces and covered with white mycelia were collected from storage rooms in seven provinces. The pathogens were isolated and the pathogenicity of the isolates was tested. The fungal strains were identified as Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae based on their morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses using the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF), and beta-tubulin (TUB) gene sequences. The strains could infect wounded citrus fruit and cause decay within two days post inoculation, but could not infect unwounded fruit. To our knowledge, this is the first report of citrus fruit decay caused by L. pseudotheobromae in China.

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Changes of Physicochemical Properties of Starch Syrups Recommended for Winter Feeding of Honeybees during Storage

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11040374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 374

Author(s):

Teresa Szczęsna ◽

Ewa Waś ◽

Piotr Semkiw ◽

Piotr Skubida ◽

Katarzyna Jaśkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Physicochemical Parameters ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

And Storage ◽

Bee Colonies ◽

Temperature Time ◽

Winter Feeding

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of storage temperature and time on physicochemical parameters of starch syrups recommended for the winter feeding of bee colonies. The studies included commercially available three starch syrups and an inverted saccharose syrup that were stored at different temperatures: ca. 20 °C, 10–14 °C, and ca. 4 °C. Physicochemical parameters of fresh syrups (immediately after purchase) and syrups after 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months of storage at the abovementioned temperatures were measured. It was observed that the rate of unfavorable changes in chemical composition of starch syrups and the inverted saccharose syrup, mainly the changes in the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content, depended on the type of a syrup and storage conditions (temperature, time). Properties of tested starch syrups intended for winter feeding of bees stored at ca. 20 °C maintained unchanged for up to 6 months, whereas the same syrups stored at lower temperatures (10–14 °C) maintained unchanged physicochemical parameters for about 12 months. In higher temperatures, the HMF content increased. To date, the influence of this compound on bees has not been thoroughly investigated.

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