Prevalence of postpartum subclinical endometritis in three dairy farms of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Amaris Guzmán-Rivera ◽  
Esbal Jiménez-Cabán ◽  
Héctor L. Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Jaime E. Curbelo-Rodríguez ◽  
Guillermo Ortiz-Colón
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
A Value ◽  
Hot Season ◽  
Subclinical Endometritis

Endometritis is one of the causes associated with low reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle. This study evaluated the prevalence of subclinical endometritis (SE) in three dairy herds in Puerto Rico during both hot and cool seasons. In cows at 45±7 days post-partum, SE, defined as the presence of ≥5% of polymorphonuclear cells in samples of endometrial tissue, was determined by cytology. The overall prevalence of SE (n=101 cows) was 8.9% and no significant effects were found of breed (P=0.73), season (P=0.34), number of lactations (P=0.60), nor location (P=0.56). For Holsteins, Brown Swiss, Jersey and crossbred cows the prevalence of SE was 10.4, 18.7, 0, and 6.3%, respectively. Primiparous cows showed a value of 7.1% SE and multiparous, 10.2%. During the hot season the prevalence of SE was 6.1% versus 11.5% for the cool season. At the dairies located in Moca, Lajas and Camuy the condition was detected in 5.5%, 6.6% and 12.0% of the cows, respectively. Compared to studies conducted in other countries, the present results indicate that SE is relatively well under control in the local dairy herds studied.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Subclinical Endometritis in Dairy Cattle and Effect on Reproductive Efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Vallejo ◽  
Carlos Chaves ◽  
Carmenza Benavides ◽  
Juan Astaíza ◽  
Wilmer Zambrano
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Stratified Analysis ◽  
Subclinical Endometritis ◽  
Endometrial Cytology

Background: Subclinical endometritis (SE) have a negative impact on fertility due to an absence of clinical signs which difficult its diagnosis and treatment. The prevalence and impact of the disease on the reproductive status of dairy herds is not known in the region, the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the disease and its effect on the reproductive efficiency in cows of the dairy area from Putumayo State, Colombia.Materials, Methods & Results: Cross-sectional study was made of 166 dairy cows from 30 days postpartum in the municipalities: Santiago, Sibundoy, Colon, and San Francisco. Reproductive evaluation and endometrial cytology were made to establish the SE prevalence determining subsequently the number of open days. Cow whit more than 120 days in milk (DIM) and without confirmed pregnancy was defined as “not reproductive efficiency”. Association between SE and reproductive efficiency was established through Odds Ratio from contingency tables. Bias and confusion control was made through stratified analysis. Results showed 32 cows without changes in reproductive clinical evaluation and inflammatory changes in cytological evaluation (PMNn >5%) for a SE prevalence of 19.27%. Disease occurs most frequently in Colón (23.10%) but the frequency of the disease was not different among the regions (P > 0.05). The group of animals with the greatest days open (DO) mean (161 DIM) had a normal ovarian function and subclinical endometritis. The 6.6% of cows had a poor reproductive prognosis (subclinical endometritis, anestrous and 144 DIM). For the stratified analysis (controlling by anestrus) was estimated the crude OR (OR 5.93; P < 0.05; CI 95% 2.56-14.6) and adjusted ORMH (OR 5.78; P < 0.05; CI 95% 2.39-13.9). Difference between adjusted ORMH and crude OR (3%) and Wald X2 test (P > 0.05) suggesting that there is no confusion and allowed to establish that “the odds of low reproductive efficiency (Days open >120) increases 5.9 times when cows suffer subclinical endometritis, than when do not have the disease”.Discussion: Study prevalence was lower than the reported by other authors. Variability of the results by the different authors ratifies the multifactorial characteristic of the disease and thr differences in the immune response of the animals. Cows diagnosed with SE, normal ovarian function and 161 DIM shown that the disease increases significantly the open days of the herd reducing reproductive efficiency. These findings are consistent with other authors who report that subclinical endometritis: increased open days and reduced conception rates and increased the risk of no pregnancy at 150 days postpartum. In the study, cows with subclinical endometritis and normal ovarian function had open days mean lower to 120 and more probability to have a good reproductive performance if pregnancy is achieved, but the dairy herds of the region lack of adequate systems of detection of estro and services and have no systems that allow the diagnosis of SE and anoestrus. The 69% of the evaluated animals present some clinical characteristics (SE, anoestrous) that predispose them to low reproductive behaviour. It is recommended to routinely use endometrial cytology to diagnose SE and improving the reproductive efficiency of animals.

Effect of immediate post-partum uterine treatment on subsequent reproductive efficiency

1983 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 811-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.H. Dowlen ◽  
R.L. Murphree ◽  
D.O. Richardson ◽  
J.R. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency

scholarly journals Anemia berhubungan dengan Perdarahan Post Partum

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Zakiyah Yasin ◽  
Mujib Hannan ◽  
Erlyn Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Post Partum Hemorrhage ◽  
A Value ◽  
Anemia During Pregnancy ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship

Pregnant women who experience anemia and untreated until the end of pregnancy will have an effect at the time of delivery, so that it can cause post partum hemorrhage which results in death in the mother. This study aims to analyze the relationship between anemia and the incidence of post partum hemorrhage in Puskesmas Lenteng, Lenteng District, Sumenep Regency. The study design was analytic with a retrospective approach, the total population was 35 mothers, the total sample was 29 mothers, the sampling technique used random sampling. The independent variable is anemia, the dependent variable is the incidence of post partum hemorrhage. Collecting data using a checklist, data analysis using the chi square statistical test, the value of a = 0.05. The results showed that of the 29 women who gave birth, most of them experienced anemia (HB level <11 g%) during pregnancy, as many as 19 mothers gave birth (65.5%), and of the 29 mothers gave birth, most of them experienced post partum hemorrhage as much as 17 mothers gave birth (59%). The result of statistical tests using chi square with a value of a = 0.05, the resulting value (ρ) = 0.000, so that the value (ρ) <a (0.000 <0.05), which means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, i.e. the relationship between anemia and the incidence of post partum hemorrhage at the Lenteng Public Health Center, Lenteng District, Sumenep Regency in 2020 In order to reduce the incidence of post partum hemorrhage, it is hoped that the mother in labor can prevent anemia during pregnancy, namely by consuming foods that contain lots of protein such as meat, liver, eggs, vegetables, folic acid (Vitamin C) and consumption of Fe tablets regularly and how to drink properly and according to conditions / needs.

scholarly journals Tick incidence in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mildred Cortés ◽  
Alberto Pantoja ◽  
Wilfredo Robles ◽  
José Pantoja
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Tick Control ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Average Annual Cost

Incidence of tick infestation in Puerto Rico was evaluated, as well as control mechanisms, and economic losses due to ticks in dairy herds. Data were obtained by means of questionnaire information from 261 dairy herds representing 85% of all dairies in Puerto Rico. Seventy-one percent of those interviewed confirmed tick infestation in their herds. To control tick infestation 97% used fumigation of animals; 8%, fumigation of structures. The most common method used for pesticide application (73%) was by fumigating animals in chutes by using a pump. Tick incidence was 72% in dry cows and 54% in milk cows. Poisson regression analysis showed no significant differences in mortality rates between the northeast and northwest zones of the island. Differences were found among municipalities. The average annual cost of the tick control program that farmers maintained was $28.09 per cow but mortality losses are much more costly.

Effect of body condition score at calving and suckling frequency on post-partum interval in suckler cows

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
M. G. Diskin ◽  
M. Grealy ◽  
J. M. Sreenan
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Cow Calf

The interval from calving to first oestrus (post-partum interval) is an important determinant of reproductive efficiency in suckler cows. While this interval is influenced by a range of factors including cow age, breed, presence of bull, cow-calf interactions and disease, the most important factors are suckling (frequency / number of calves) and nutrition (pre- and post-partum nutrient intake, body condition at calving and during early lactation). The mechanisms by which these factors, either independently or interactively, affect the length of the anoestrous period are unclear. Similarly, the time post-partum at which suckling exerts its effect on resumption of cyclicity is unknown. The effects of body condition score at calving and of changing the frequency of suckling on the length of the post-partum interval were determined. Preliminary results are presented.

scholarly journals II. Numerical elements of Indian meteorology.—Series I

1863 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 567-568
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Hot Season ◽  
The Mean ◽  
June July

In this paper the author communicates Plates in which the iso-thermal lines are represented between the latitudes of 5°N. and 36°W., and longitudes of 78°E. and 98°E. of Greenwich. 1st, of the mean temperature of the year; 2nd, of the cool season, viz. December, January, and February; 3rd, of the hot season, viz. March, April, and May; 4th, of the rainy season, viz. June, July, and August; 5th, of the autumn, viz. September, October, and November.

On-farm phosphorus budget: Model to predict yearly phosphorus contents in manure of dairy herds

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-411
Author(s):  
Isabelle Chaperon, Cynthia Ouellet ◽  
Vincent Girard ◽  
Younes Chorfi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Phosphorus Budget ◽  
Budget Model ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Relationship

In order to reduce soil phosphorus (P) saturation, it is essential to assess the amount of manure P on cultivated soil. The purpose of this study was to estimate yearly herd manure P outputs from production and feeding records with a model based on replacement and dairy animals. The model predicts manure P based on P ingested by dairy cows (kg yr-1), P secreted in milk (kg yr-1), P in calf at birth (kg yr-1), and the number of first-lactation cows. The relationship between first-lactation cows and heifers was established; there were 1.3 ± 0.05 heifers for each first-lactation cow. Manure P from heifers was then obtained by fitting the model to manure P accumulated in concrete pits of 12 farms, measured over two 6-mo periods at 1 yr intervals. The model added 10.6 ± 4.6 kg of P for each first-lactation cow to predict the yearly P output of 1.3 heifers. Ratios between P harvested as feed and P predicted in manure were calculated in 1133 herds. High ratios were obtained in herds with less customized concentrate (P < 0.001), more harvested grain and silage (P < 0.001) on farm and larger size of herd (P < 0.001) with more milk (P < 0.001) and lower calf production (P < 0.001). Decreasing purchased customized concentrates and increasing the amount of silage fed to animals are valid options to reduce non-point-source P pollution. Key words: Dairy herds, manure, phosphorus, model, reproductive efficiency

Bovine lymphotropic herpesvirus and non-responsive post-partum metritis in dairy herds in the UK

2008 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Banks ◽  
G. Ibata ◽  
A.M. Murphy ◽  
J.P. Frossard ◽  
T.R. Crawshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
The Uk
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