scholarly journals Repeated surgical interventions for relapses of cryptorchidism in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
I. V. Poddubniy ◽  
A. K. Fayzulin ◽  
E. V. Fedorova ◽  
N. Yu. Kalinchenko ◽  
K. N. Tolstov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Inguinal Canal ◽  
Testicular Atrophy ◽  
State University ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bilateral Cryptorchidism ◽  
Repeated Surgery ◽  
Moscow State University

The aim of the study is to demonstrate a differentiated approach to recurrent cryptorchidism treatment. Materials and methods. Over the past five years (since 2015), the staff of the Department of Pediatric Surgery of A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, performed surgical treatment of 20 children aged 2-17 years with recurrent cryptorchidism (22 testicles). Relapse of cryptorchidism on one side was diagnosed in 18 patients. Two patients had a bilateral cryptorchidism recurrence, these children had a combined pathology in the form of Prader-Willi syndrome. In 3 children, surgical treatment at their place of residence was performed two or more times. As a preoperative preparation to increase the elasticity of blood vessels and to lengthen them, a course of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone therapy was carried out according to the scheme. The exception was children over the age of 6-7 as administration of hCG at this age can provoke an earlier onset of puberty. Intraoperatively, in 15 children, the testicle was fixed in the scrotum according to the method of Shemaker, Herzen, and others. In 5 children with abdominal cryptorchidism, the testicle was not descended into the scrotum and was fixed in the inguinal canal due to a deficiency in the length of the spermatic cord (SC). On examination, a testicle in the middle or lower third of the inguinal canal was found in 10 patients, at the root of the scrotum - in 7. In 5 patients, the testicle was not detected. The average period between the first and repeated surgery was 3 years (from 4 months to 8 years). Upon admission, all patients underwent a clinical examination, ultrasound examination of the inguinal canals, and a study of the hormonal profile if indicated. Results. After revision of the inguinal canal, 17 testicles were successfully re-descended using the Shemaker technique. Of these, 16 testicles were fixed in the scrotum, 1 testicle - at the root of the scrotum. During the second operation, the vaginal process of the peritoneum was found in 7 children. Laparoscopically-assisted orchipexy was performed in 3 patients. Orchiectomy was performed in 5 cases due to testicular atrophy. The duration of the surgery was 55-120 minutes. There was no intraoperative blood loss. In the long-term postoperative period (after a year or more), postoperative testicular atrophy was not detected.

scholarly journals Long-term oncological and functional results of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
K. K. Ramazanov ◽  
K. B. Kolontarev ◽  
G. P. Gens ◽  
A. V. Govorov ◽  
A. O. Vasilyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
State University ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Prostate cancer (РСа), being one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in men in Russia and in a number of other countries of the world, remains an urgent problem for modern oncourology, and the choice of surgical method is an important task for a surgeon. Such a pronounced interest in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in patients is driven by good tolerance and effectiveness of these surgical interventions, despite the fact that radical prostatectomy is considered to be the "gold standard" for treatment of patients with clinically localized РСа with regard to European Association of Urology data. The long-term oncological and functional results and the quality of life of patients after RARP deserve close attention and thorough study. According to the data presented in this article, it is obvious that RARP is the preferred method for surgical treatment of РСа, since oncological and functional results in the long-term follow-up are comparable to the results after radical prostatectomy, and according to some authors, these results are superior to the results of radical prostatectomy. The results of the study will allow to continue further introduction of RARP into clinical practice and its popularization as a method of surgical treatment of patients with localized PCa, which will reduce the length of hospital stay of patients, accelerate their medical and social rehabilitation, and improve the quality of medical care.The amount of data on the study of distant oncological and functional results of RARP as well as its superiority over other treatment methods is limited in medical literature, which prompted us to conduct our own research. Currently the urological clinic of the A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry continues work aimed at studying the longterm results of RARP in the first patients in Russia.

scholarly journals Inguinal hernias in elderly patients. Strategy for choosing a surgical treatment method

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
S. M. Smotryn ◽  
S. A. Zhuk ◽  
V. S. Novitskaya ◽  
A. V. Kopytski
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Inguinal Canal ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Inguinal Hernias ◽  
Inguinal Herniation ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Objective: to evaluate the existing approaches to the treatment of inguinal hernias in the elderly and to propose a strategy for choosing the method of surgical treatment taking into account the metric assessment of the state of the topographical and anatomical parameters of the inguinal canal.Materials and methods. The analysis of surgical interventions for inguinal hernias in elderly patients in surgical in-patient clinics of the Grodno region over 2018–2019 was carried out. The morphometric parameters of the inguinal canal being determinants for choosing the method of hernioplasty were studied in 39 elderly patients.Results. The coefficient for choosing the method of inguinal herniation (K) has been proposed. It is calculated by the formula: К = h : m, where h is the height of the inguinal space (mm), m is the total thickness of the upper wall of the inguinal canal (mm). At K>4.83 they choose atension methods of hernioplasty.Conclusion. The use of the coefficient for choosing the method of inguinal hernioplasty has made it possible to reduce the number of recurrent hernias in the long-term postoperative period from 5.7 % to 2.0 % of cases.

50th anniversary of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Medicine of A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
N. V. YARYGIN ◽  
◽  
M. V. PARSHIKOV ◽  
I. G. CHEMYANOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
State University ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Medical Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Moscow State University

The purpose — to sum up the results of the work of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Medicine for 50 years. Material and methods. A detailed analysis was carried out of the stages of the Department development since its creation in 1971. The contribution of Professors Yu.V. Golyakhovskiy, A.S. Imamaliev, V.I. Zorya, N.V. Yarygin is highlighted. The achievements of the staff in scientific, educational, pedagogical and medical work over the past years are discussed.  Results. Today, the overall bed fund of the Traumatology and Orthopedics bases of the Department is 300 beds. Only in 2019-2020, according to the results of studies conducted in clinics, 155 scientific articles and theses were published, 92 reports were made, two patents for inventions were obtained. Two textbooks, two training manuals on traumatology and orthopedics, and two monographs were published. The 4th and the 5th International Pirogov Forums were organized, with the leading Russian and foreign specialists as speakers. Conclusion. The Professors of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Medicine are highly qualified specialists, renowned in the sphere of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Medicine. The collective of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Medicine, relying on the previous experience and traditions, is energetic and confident on its anniversary.

scholarly journals ТREATMENT OF STENOSIS OF THE PYLORIC BULBAR ZONE OF ULCERATIVE GENESIS USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
O. M. Babii ◽  
S. A. Tarabarov ◽  
N. V. Prolom ◽  
B. F. Shevchenko ◽  
A. A. Galinsky
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Remote Observation

Summary. Purpose: to improve the results of surgical treatment of stenosis of the pyloroduodenal zone of ulcerative origin through the use of minimally invasive laparoendoscopic interventions. Material and methods. In the Department of Surgery of the Digestive Organs of the State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the NAMS of Ukraine” for 2014-2019, 114 patients with stenosis of the pyloroduodenal zone of ulcerative origin were examined. Of these, 35 — with compensated stenosis, 57 — with subcompensated, 22 — with decompensated stenosis. The average age (45.3±5.2) years. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. All patients underwent surgical treatment using minimally invasive and traditional surgical interventions. Results and discussion. During the study, known indications were clarified and new indications for performing endoscopic balloon pyloroduodenoplasty and combined laparoendoscopic intervention were clarified. Complications in the immediate postoperative period occurred in 1 patient (1.04%) in the form of perforation of the dilated zone. In patients after the traditional laparotomy surgery, the average postoperative period was (15 ± 2) days. Complications in the immediate postoperative period occurred in 2 patients (11.1 %) in the form of bleeding and leaks in the pyloroplasty zone, which required repeated surgical treatment. Тhere were no fatal cases. The remote observation period was 7-22 months. Endoscopic, radiological and clinical signs of recurrence of peptic ulcer and stenosis were not detected. Conclusions. The method of minimally invasive endoscopic and combined laparoendoscopic interventions in the treatment of stenosis of the pyloroduodenal zone of ulcerative genesis is characterized by a minimal number of complications, has good efficacy indicators and the absence of disease recurrence in the long-term period.

Problems Related to Creation of Scientific Schools in Pedagogy

10.12737/619 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Артемьева ◽  
Svetlana Artemyeva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
State University ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
School Formation ◽  
Moscow State University

The author analyzes the content of concept «scientific school» in the past and present times, describes the experience of «Education Quality Monitoring» scientific school formation on the basis of «Pedagogy and Psychology» Chair of Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky.

scholarly journals Modern principles of surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis

2019 ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kopchak ◽  
Mykhailo Nychytailo ◽  
Oleksandr Duvalko ◽  
Vasyl Khanenko ◽  
Volodymyr Trachuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Pancreatic Duct ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Distal Pancreatic Resection ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Beger Procedure ◽  
Repeated Surgery ◽  
Resection Of The Pancreas

We reviewed the charts of 752 patients, who have undergone surgery for various forms of chronic pancreatitis at “Shalimov’s National Institute of Surgery and Transplantation of the NAMS of Ukraine” in the years from 2007 to 2017. The average age of the 591 males (78,6 %) and 161 females (22,4 %) was 43,0 ± 3,2 years. Out of these, 446 (62,4 %) patients with pseudocysts and pancreatic fistula and also with isolated main pancreatic duct lithiasis underwent drainage procedures. The 269 (37.6%) patients were subjected to different types of resection, including the Frey operation, pancreatoenterostomy with artificial pancreatic duct formation, the Berne technique, the Beger procedure, pancreatoduodenectomy, distal-pancreatic resection and other procedures. After pancreatic resections, the patients did not require repeated surgical interventions for chronic pancreatitis. In some cases of chronic pancreatitis, there was an isolated lesion of the pancreas: in such cases (13 patients), we performed distal resection of the pancreas. Among the observed patients here were no fatal cases. Satisfactory results were obtained in 92.6 % of cases at longterm follow-up. Post-operative complications occurred in 27 patients (4.6 %), in 6 (1.03 %) patients there was a need for repeated surgery. Progression of the disease in patients previously operated in our clinic was observed in 32 (5.5 %), and 72 patients, initially operated in other medical institutions. Patients after direct resection of the pancreas did not require repeated surgery for chronic pancreatitis. The main causes of unsatisfactory results of the surgical treatment for chronic pancreatitis have been found to be: false indications for initial surgery, improper primary surgical techniques, insufficient use of drainage procedures, as well as, performing a drainage procedure instead of a resection. Key words: chronic pancreatitis, surgical treatment, resection and drainage procedures. For citation: Usenko OY, Kopchak VM, Nychytailo MY, Duvalko OV, Khanenko VV, Trachuk VI, Khomiak AI. Modern principles of surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis. Journal of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. 2019;25(3):306–12

scholarly journals How Anesthetic, Analgesic and Other Non-Surgical Techniques During Cancer Surgery Might Affect Postoperative Oncologic Outcomes: A Summary of Current State of Evidence

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice Forget ◽  
Jose A. Aguirre ◽  
Ivanka Bencic ◽  
Alain Borgeat ◽  
Allessandro Cama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Network ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Cancer Resection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State

The question of whether anesthetic, analgesic or other perioperative intervention during cancer resection surgery might influence long-term oncologic outcomes has generated much attention over the past 13 years. A wealth of experimental and observational clinical data have been published, but the results of prospective, randomized clinical trials are awaited. The European Union supports a pan-European network of researchers, clinicians and industry partners engaged in this question (COST Action 15204: Euro-Periscope). In this narrative review, members of the Euro-Periscope network briefly summarize the current state of evidence pertaining to the potential effects of the most commonly deployed anesthetic and analgesic techniques and other non-surgical interventions during cancer resection surgery on tumor recurrence or metastasis.

scholarly journals RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF NON-PARASITIC SPLENIC CYSTS IN CHILDREN

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
A. V. Myzin ◽  
Vasily G. Kuleshov ◽  
A. E. Stepanov ◽  
N. V. Gerasimova ◽  
K. Yu. Ashmanov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Splenic Cysts ◽  
Good Cosmetic

Introduction. Currently, there are different views on the treatment of non-parasitic spleen cysts in children. The choice of method of treatment is under discussion. The aim of our study was to evaluate and analyze the immediate and long-term results of surgical interventions performed on nonparasitic spleen cysts in children. Material and methods. There are presented results of surgical treatment of the 21 patient, who was on treatment at the Department of Abdominal Surgery of the Russian Children Clinical Hospital over the period from 2013 to 2016. Patients were examined by means of ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, CT, MRI. All patients have been operated. 22 surgical interventions were performed by using laparoscopic access, out of which 2 partial resections of the spleen, 1 splenectomy, 19 fenestrations of spleen cysts.Results. During the course of the operation and in the immediate postoperative period there were no complications. Patients were observed for the period of from 1 year to 3 years. Good results of treatment were obtained in 20 (95.2%) children. In a long-term period a relapse occurred in the one patient one year after the operation. The patient was reoperated, splenectomy was performed. Conclusion. The surgical treatment of spleen cysts is the basic one. It is indicated for cysts sized larger than 5 cm and cysts with clinical symptoms. Minimally invasive interventions in children are optimal because of their low traumatism and good cosmetic effect. Our study showed a high efficiency of laparoscopic operations in children suffered from non-parasitic spleen cysts with good long-term results.

scholarly journals Long-term variability of aerosol optical thickness in Eastern Europe over 2001–2014 according to the measurements at the Moscow MSU MO AERONET site with additional cloud and NO<sub>2</sub> correction

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 7843-7878
Author(s):  
N. Y. Chubarova ◽  
A. A. Poliukhov ◽  
I. D. Gorlova
Keyword(s):  
Optical Thickness ◽  
Aerosol Optical Thickness ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
State University ◽  
Data Control ◽  
Uv Irradiance ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
Moscow State University

Abstract. The aerosol properties of the atmosphere were obtained within the framework of the AERONET program at the Moscow State University Meteorological Observatory (Moscow MSU MO) over 2001–2014 period. The quality data control has revealed the necessity of their additional cloud and NO2 correction. The application of cloud correction according to hourly visual cloud observations provides a decrease in average aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 500 nm of up to 0.03 compared with the standard dataset. We also show that the additional NO2 correction of the AERONET data is needed in large megalopolis, like Moscow, with 12 million residents and the NOx emission rates of about 100 kt yr−1. According to the developed method we estimated monthly mean NO2 content, which provides an additional decrease of 0.01 for AOT at 340 nm, and of about 0.015 – for AOT at 380 and 440 nm. The ratios of NO2 optical thickness to AOT at 380 and 440 nm are about 5–6 % in summer and reach 15–20 % in winter when both factors have similar effects on UV irradiance. Seasonal cycle of AOT at 500 nm is characterized by a noticeable summer and spring maxima, and minimum in winter conditions, changing from 0.08 in December and January up to 0.3 in August. The application of the additional cloud correction removes a local AOT maximum in February, and lowered the December artificial high AOT values. The pronounced negative AOT trends of about −1–5 % yr−1 have been obtained for most months, which could be attributed to the negative trends in emissions (E) of different aerosol precursors of about 116 Gg yr−2 in ESOx, 78 Gg yr−2 in ENMVOC, and 272 Gg yr−2 in ECO over European territory of Russia. No influence of natural factors on temporal AOT variations has been revealed.

scholarly journals SURGICAL TREATMENT OF THE CYSTIC ADENOMATOUS PULMONARY MALFORMATION IN CHILDREN

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
G. I. Chepurnoy ◽  
V. B. Katsupeev ◽  
Mikhail G. Chepurnoy ◽  
R. L. Karagezyan ◽  
A. V. Leyga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Spiral Computed ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Decisive Importance ◽  
Healthy Lung Tissue ◽  
Healthy Lung

There is presented the analysis of 13 patients with polycystic lung disease. In the diagnosis of the disease, spiral computed tomography has a decisive importance. The technique of performing surgical interventions aimed at maximum preservation of healthy lung tissue is described in detail. The excision of cystic membranes and reliable suturing of bronchial fistulas determines the radicality of surgical interventions that provided favorable outcomes in the long term after operations in all patients.

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