scholarly journals Disability Policies In Pakistan: The Way Forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Razia Gul
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
Inclusive Society ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Way

This research article reflects policy development regarding disabled people in Pakistan. International efforts and policy development for the wellbeing of disabled people paved the way for generating debates and discussions on the condition and the rights of disabled people in Pakistan. Subsequently, laws have been enacted for the protection and promotion of the rights of disabled people in the country. Available literature on the polices related to disabled people have been critically reviewed and discussed. UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) possesses immense and historic importance for inclusive society and it is being considered the first legally binding international treaty by which communities can hold their respective states for the enforcement of its articles and promote the quality of life of disabled people. Pakistan has ratified CRPD in the year 2011, following government’s commitment to promote social, political, economic and civil rights of disabled people. In this regard, Pakistan enacted sporadic but important laws both in Provincial and National Assemblies. However, these policies could not bring about changes in the lives of disabled people. There is no proper mechanism at national and local level to implement the policies developed for the wellbeing of such downtrodden people.

‘Necessity is Neither Condemned nor Praised’: Social Workers’ Meanings of Guardianship for Disabled People

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Holler ◽  
S Werner
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Guardianship Law ◽  
Current Reform

Abstract Throughout the years, disabled people, especially those with intellectual and mental disabilities, have frequently been appointed authorised guardians. Having been criticised for restricting individual freedom and autonomy and in line with the 2006 UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, a 2016 reform in Israel's Legal Capacity and Guardianship Law called for restricting the use of guardianship and preferring less restrictive alternatives, specifically supported decision making (SDM). The success of this reform rests largely on social workers. This study examined the meanings social worker attach to guardianship and SDM. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-seven Israeli social workers. The findings showed that whilst they acknowledged the shortcomings of guardianship, they nevertheless perceived it to be vital. They provided three justifications for this view: guardianship as a safeguarding practice, guardianship as promoting individual well-being and guardianship in the service of third parties. These findings are discussed in terms of their meaning for guardianship as a risk-aversive practice designed to promote service users’ well-being and quality of life and in terms of the role played by third parties in bringing SDM into force. Recommended steps for moving the current reform in guardianship from paper to practice are highlighted.

scholarly journals Kosningar, lýðræði og fatlað fólk

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rannveig Traustadóttir ◽  
James G. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
International Research ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Public Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Voting Participation ◽  
The Right

The right to vote is a fundamental right of citizenship in democratic nations, and participation in elections in one of the most important acts undertaken by citizens. Although these rights are guaranteed to all citizens, international research shows that disabled people are widely excluded from participation in elections. Disabled people are less likely to vote than non-disabled people and often encounter various obstacles when they try to participate in elections. This article discusses the voting participation of disabled people in consideration of the international research. The main barriers that disabled people encounter in the voting process will first be outlined. This will be followed by questions concerning the effects these obstacles produce, not only for disabled citizens, but what this means overall for the health of democracy and democratic institutions when a portion of the citizenry encounter serious obstacles concerning their basic civil rights. Icelandic research in this field is extremely limited and no systematic statistical data exists on the participation of disabled people in elections, or politics in general, in this country. Based on data drawn from sources from two of the largest disabled people’s organization in the country, the focus here is on the experiences, circumstances and opportunities for disabled people to participate in elections in the country. The findings draw attention to the obligations of the state to promote and ensure the participation of disabled people in politics and public life in light of the recent ratification in Iceland of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).

Conditions for compliance with the requirements for ensuring the accessibility of transport facilities of Russian Railways through interim solutions and the adoption of compensatory measures to serve people with limited mobility, including people with disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-352
Author(s):  
Timofey M. SHMANEV ◽  
◽  
Victoria I. A ULYANITSKAY ◽  
Marina S. PUKHOVA ◽  
Pavel S. PANOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Compensatory Programs ◽  
Barrier Free

Objective: Formation of an effective mechanism for the creation or gradual redistribution of resources to ensure a universal barrier-free environment not only among disabled people (of all categories), but among representatives of people with limited mobility (PLM), through interim solutions and the adoption of compensatory programs (measures). Based on finding the optimal balance of costs and benefits, in cases of lack of technical or material capabilities associated with improving the development or design of an accessible environment. Methods: The main tools of analysis and management are used: Pareto diagram, cause-effect diagram (Ishikawa), goal setting, structuring, dynamic changes, etc. Results: A variant of the mechanism for the implementation of the step-by-step creation of a universal barrier- free environment is presented not only among disabled people (of all categories), but among PLM. It has been established that if the existing infrastructure facilities of the passenger complex, before their reconstruction or overhaul, cannot be fully adapted to the needs of disabled people, then the introduction of a comprehensive program (roadmap), compensating measures, interim solutions allows minimizing or eliminating the company’s costs. Practical importance: On the example of the obtained algorithm (sequence) of organizing the process to ensure the accessibility of the environment of the passenger complex of the Oktyabrskaya Railway, the principle of phased implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on Russian Railways, which is universal, is shown. Formalized solutions should help improve the quality of service, reduce costs and increase customer focus on the Russian Railways network.

scholarly journals R-E-S-P-E-C-T: The Relationship Between Being Respected and Quality of Life of Disabled People

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carli Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

The United Nations exclaims "all human beings have the right to be treated with dignity and respect" (Annan, 2005, p. 34). Yet, disabled people have long been denied respect in the United States and have been subjected to disability oppression and ableism. For these reasons, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between respect and disability, particularly respect's impact on the quality of life of disabled people. We had two research questions: (1.) what factors predict disabled people being respected? and, (2.) how does being respected impact the quality of life of disabled people? To explore these questions, we used secondary Personal Outcome Measures® data from approximately 1,500 disabled people; we analyzed this data to examine relationships between disabled people's interpretations of feeling and being respected, and their quality of life. Our findings revealed being respected had a significant impact on every area of ones' quality of life. Problematically, this also included areas which should be considered non-negotiable fundamental human and civil rights, that should not depend on if, and how, people respect disabled people. While the attitudes underlying the disrespect of disabled people are harmful and problematic, human and civil rights should be inalienable – ones' access to exercise their rights, to safety, to health, and to many other domains should not depend on others' attitudes about, and treatment toward, you.

scholarly journals Social Integration of Disabled People in Russia Using Virtual Computer Technologies

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Galina Ivanovna Efremova ◽  
Zhanna Alexandrovna Maksimenko ◽  
Rimma Mikhailovna Aysina ◽  
Inna Vladimirovna Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Community Literacy ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Topical Problem ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Psychological Barriers ◽  
Computer Technologies ◽  
Virtual Computer

<p class="zhengwen"><span lang="EN-GB">The article is devoted to the topical problem of persons with disabilities integration into society. Intensions and realities of social policy for disabled people in Russia are introduced. social and psychological barriers, obstructive to this process are described. The results of the survey in a sample of 268 disabled individuals are presented. It is concluded that the low level of community literacy, the lack of communication skills, social s</span><span lang="EN-US">tereotypes concerning disabled people and “rental income attitude” of persons with disabilities are the most severe social and psychological barriers. Virtual computer technologies are offered as one of the modern tools, aimed at overcoming the barriers. Global and domestic experience of using virtual technologies for rehabilitation of disabled people are discussed. Technology of improving the life quality of persons with disabilities by means of virtualistics is proposed. </span></p>

Lifting the Barriers: Accessible and Inclusive Urban Planning-A case of Trivandrum City

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sruthy George
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Inclusive Society ◽  
Right Of Access

People with disabilities have the same basic right of access as any other citizen. An inclusive and accessible physical environment is a critical element in mainstreaming disabled people, particularly in developing countries such as India. A freely accessible environment without any physical barrier is the most important requirement of an inclusive society as it determines what differently abled people can be and do. With the increased emphasis on the rights of differently abled people in recent years, it is important to understand the barriers faced by them when accessing the public spaces and facilities. This paper uses focus group discussions and interviews to try to determine the disabling factors in the urban environment that prevent disabled people from participating and explores the role of urban planning in making an accessible and inclusive city. For this the Smart city mission Trivandrum was taken as a platform, as improving the quality of citizens' life is a major goal of India’s smart cities development.

scholarly journals Dis-Equality: Exploring the Juxtaposition of Disability and Equality

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Bronagh Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Complex Forms ◽  
Rules Of The Game ◽  
The Way

The (in)equality issues facing disabled people are extensive and long-enduring. The way(s) in which equality is conceptualised has important consequences for understandings of disability. The ambiguity of what I call <em>dis-equality</em> theory is two-fold; the apparent failure of mainstream equality theorising in, firstly, embracing disability concepts at all, and secondly, in fully incorporating the logistics of disability, particularly in relation to the social construction of such. Practices of institutional and more complex forms of discrimination are part of those deeper structures of domination and oppression which maintain disabled people in positions of disadvantage. Everyday practices, in the ‘ordinary order of things’ (Bourdieu, 2000), continue to be misrecognised as natural and taken for granted. This article critically explores the complexity of <em>dis-equality</em> theorising utilising a Bourdieusian lens which explicitly incorporates complex and subtle forms of discrimination, and by examining the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities’ approach to equality. I argue that the way forward for <em>dis-equality</em> theorising in today’s rights based era must be one that considers the nuances of the ‘rules of the game’ (Young, 1990) if it is to be effective in challenging the inequalities to which disabled people have long been subject.

Improving the quality of life of persons with disabilities by using digital technologies

2017 ◽  
pp. 539-552
Author(s):  
Dejan Maslikovic ◽  
Natasa Krstic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Inclusive Processes ◽  
Inclusive Society

In today?s postinformation society, digital technology has the technological means and innovative solutions which can personalize and customize services to meet the requirements of every user without any barriers. Service personalization is most apparent in the use of the internet, mobile phones, TV, and e-government. Consequently, due to its characteristics, adaptability and openness, digital technology can greatly facilitate and accelerate inclusive processes in society. Mobile devices and services, the internet together with digital cable and terrestrial TV network are just some of technological tools available to modern society for the inclusion of marginalized social groups, including the persons with disabilities. The introductory chapter considers the basis for the use of digital technology in developing an inclusive society, while the research shows the extent to which digital technology is used, as well as the real needs of persons with disabilities for the purpose of finding potential to improve the quality of their life. The conducted research is based on a quantitative testing of two hypotheses, namely, whether persons with disabilities use digital technology to the same extent as persons without disabilities, and whether there are any differences with respect to the improvements of the quality of life as a result of the use of digital technology. For the purpose of testing the hypotheses, based on the sample group of 185 respondents, with 95 of them being persons with disabilities and 90 being persons without disabilities, a comparison was done of average values through t-test, as well as the comparison of relative frequencies by applying x2 test for independent samples. The results have shown that persons with disabilities use digital technology less than persons without disabilities, which only exacerbates the digital exclusion of persons with disabilities. Nevertheless, both groups have the same expectations with respect to the possibility of improving their lives. Noticeable potential for improving the quality of life for persons with disabilities has been noted by raising the use of digital technology to a higher level, especially with the use of mobile phones and the internet. The analysis of the research results has provided data which are significant for estimating the capacity of digital technology and further application of the technology in developing an inclusive society. This paper also proved that an interdisciplinary approach to such a vulnerable subject as inclusion and the social status of persons with disabilities can have beneficial results, as it can be used as guidance in further development of available tools, applications and other digital gadgets.

scholarly journals Kosningar, lýðræði og fatlað fólk

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Rannveig Traustadóttir ◽  
James G. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
International Research ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Public Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Voting Participation ◽  
The Right

The right to vote is a fundamental right of citizenship in democratic nations, and participation in elections in one of the most important acts undertaken by citizens. Although these rights are guaranteed to all citizens, international research shows that disabled people are widely excluded from participation in elections. Disabled people are less likely to vote than non-disabled people and often encounter various obstacles when they try to participate in elections. This article discusses the voting participation of disabled people in consideration of the international research. The main barriers that disabled people encounter in the voting process will first be outlined. This will be followed by questions concerning the effects these obstacles produce, not only for disabled citizens, but what this means overall for the health of democracy and democratic institutions when a portion of the citizenry encounter serious obstacles concerning their basic civil rights. Icelandic research in this field is extremely limited and no systematic statistical data exists on the participation of disabled people in elections, or politics in general, in this country. Based on data drawn from sources from two of the largest disabled people’s organization in the country, the focus here is on the experiences, circumstances and opportunities for disabled people to participate in elections in the country. The findings draw attention to the obligations of the state to promote and ensure the participation of disabled people in politics and public life in light of the recent ratification in Iceland of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).

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