scholarly journals ЕЛЕМЕНТИ БОЖИЋНЕ ОБРЕДНЕ ПРАКСЕ КОД ПОМОРИШКИХ СРБА У РУМУНИЈИ

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 355-367
Author(s):  
Благоје Чоботин
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Community Living ◽  
The Past ◽  
Important People ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time

This study is the result of field research that we have conducted in some of the villages situated on the shores of Mures River, where a Serbian community still exists and therefore I managed to identify some important people that know the customs and popular traditions of the Church. The content of the article presents the elements of the Christmas rituals, those that are still retained and used, as well as those rituals from the past that have been lost over time and are no longer practiced today. We have also tried to identify the causes that contributed to the forgetting or loss of these Christmas habits and rituals of the Serbian community living on the shores of Mures River.

scholarly journals ‘Dragging Seventy Little Plaits of Her Across the Land of the Altai’: Haircare, Hairstyles, and Hair Ornaments of the Southern Altaians from Historical and Cultural Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Tereza Hejzlarová ◽  
Martin Rychlík
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Universals ◽  
The World ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Over Time

This study deals with haircare, hair ornaments, hairstyles, and hairrelated rituals of the Southern Altaians (Altai Kizhi, Telengits) and their development over time. Haircare has played an important role in Altaian society for centuries. It has been a ritual symbol, an indicator of gender, age, marital or social status. In context, hair has played a significant cultural and social role across societies and historical periods around the world. For this reason, haircare has also been sometimes included among the so-called cultural or human universals, i.e. phenomena that are common to all known human cultures in time and space. The source of information for this study was the authors’ own field research, relevant literature and visual sources documenting the broader context of haircare. The issue is viewed from historical and cultural perspectives, with the main focus on the current haircare of the Altaian people in connection with changes compared to the past. The study focuses on selected phenomena that proved to be the most important in the field research in terms of their existence and the role they currently play in Altaian society. It does not therefore aim to cover the full breadth of the topic, but leaves room for further research on sub-topics.

scholarly journals Historical and Ethnographic Features and Modern Tendencies of Mordovian Wedding Rituals (Based on Field Materials From the Village of Adashevo)

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Т.И. Янгайкина ◽  
П.Н. Назин
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Wedding Ceremony ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time

Цель статьи – изучить современные формы мордовской свадебной обрядности, выявить степень их соответствия традиционным обрядовым практикам прошлого и показать основные тенденции их эволюции (на полевом материале села Адашево Кадошкинского района Республики Мордовия). В качестве источников использованы этнографические факты, отраженные в собранных авторами полевых материалах, архивные документы, результаты исследований российских этнографов. Особенностью исследования является личное участие авторов в связанных со свадьбой событиях (праздничной процессии и православно-обрядовой части). Большинство выявленных и использованных материалов вводится в научный оборот впервые. Проведенные изыскания позволяют сделать вывод о том, что в прошлом мордовская свадьба заключала в себе сакральный смысл, однако в современном обществе обряды и традиции сохраняются лишь частично и являются скорее «театрализованной» постановкой. The aimof the study is to assess the degree of compliance of the modern forms of Mordovian wedding rituals spread in the village of Adashevo with traditional ritual practices of the past and to identify the main trends in their evolution. The sources used were ethnographic facts reflected in the field materials the authors collected, archival documents, the results of research by Russian and Mordovian ethnographers. Within the framework of the historical and ethnographic approach, the study used various methods: historiographic, comparative, logical, systemic analysis; empirical (conversation, interview, questioning, visiting rituals), which made it possible to collect the necessary information in archival and field conditions. An example for studying was the wedding of a young Mordovian couple, which took place in the village of Adashevo. The details of the matchmaking, reproduced according to a local informant’s testimony, are considered; the details of the process and the related planning of the upcoming wedding are characterized. Archpriest Pavel (Nazin), one of the authors of the article, conducted the wedding ceremony in the local Trinity Church. The authors give a detailed description of the traditional wedding rituals that follow the church wedding (dressing the bride, naming, gift-giving rituals). The role of some objects (towels, bells, etc.) in wedding rituals is characterized. Special attention is paid to the street procession of guests and to the specific rite of avozen' praftoma [rolling the mother-in-law]. Among the rituals on the second day of the wedding, the custom of making pancakes by the daughter-in-law and the toron kandy [groomsman], and ceremonies with the posazhyonnaya mat’ [woman giving the bride to the groom], are described. The role and place of newlyweds at the wedding table in the past and present are characterized. The general and special elements of the Mordovian wedding ritual complex, common in the village of Adashevo, have been identified. It has been established that most of the traditional rituals are still preserved: matchmaking, weddings, bride complaints, weddings in national costumes. Over time, many rituals lost their original meaning and were performed only according to tradition, some received a new understanding, and others acquired a comic playful character. Most of the rituals are currently perceived not as a truly sacred act, but rather are a simple reproduction of forms that took place in the past, a kind of tribute to tradition, the adherence to which is not accompanied by a deep comprehension.

scholarly journals RUA DO LAZER NO CENTRO DE GOIÂNIA: uma análise a partir do conceito de lugar

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 202122
Author(s):  
Josiane Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Mendes de Morais ◽  
Marcos Pedro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Place Meaning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

RUA DO LAZER IN THE CENTER OF GOIÂNIA: an analysis based on the concept of placeRUA DO LAZER EN EL CENTRO DE GOIÂNIA: un análisis basado en el concepto de lugarRESUMOA proposta deste artigo almeja esboçar uma análise da Rua do Lazer a partir do conceito de lugar por meio das narrativas dos sujeitos que ali expressam seu cotidiano, colocando a rua como lugar de significado e de diferentes dimensões enquanto movimento da vida, possível de ser apreendido pela memória. O caminho do passado dessa rua, por intermédio da história oral, torna-se um elemento primordial para entender seu sentido na vida dos sujeitos. Nessa perspectiva, a pesquisa foi realizada com comerciantes que atuam em sua maioria desde a década de 1960 e que ali persistiram apesar das diferentes reconfigurações ocorridas ao longo do tempo. Com aporte da história oral, a pesquisa buscou compreender o significado de lugar atribuído à Rua do Lazer por esses comerciantes e suas perspectivas em relação ao processo de revitalização, ocorrido no decorrer do ano de 2019, por meio de uma parceria público-privada. Como caminho metodológico, incluiu-se a abordagem qualitativa, pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, com a utilização de entrevistas realizadas in loco. Dessa forma, os dados coletados apontam a relação estabelecida entre a Rua do Lazer e os sujeitos que nela vivem, bem como para as mudanças que a configuram atualmente.Palavras-chave: Lugar; Significado; Memórias; Rua do Lazer – GO.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article aims to outline an analysis of Rua do Lazer from the concept of place through the narratives of the subjects who express their daily life there, placing the street as a place of meaning and of different dimensions as a movement of life, possible to be apprehended by memory. The path of the past of this street, through oral history, becomes a primordial element to understand its meaning in the subjects' lives. In this perspective, the research was carried out with traders who have been operating mostly since the 1960s and who have persisted with the different reconfigurations that occurred over time. With the contribution of oral history, the research sought to understand the meaning of place attributed to Rua do Lazer by these sellers and their perspectives in relation to the revitalization process, which occurred during the year 2019, through a public-private partnership. As a methodological approach, a qualitative approach, bibliographic, documentary and field research was included, with the use of on-the-spot interviews. Thus, the data collected point us to the relationship that is established between Rua do Lazer and the subjects who live on it, as well as to the changes that currently configure it.Keywords: Place; Meaning; Memoirs; Rua do Lazer – GO.RESUMENEl propósito de este artículo tiene como objetivo esbozar un análisis de la Rua do Lazer desde el concepto de lugar a través de las narraciones de los sujetos que expresan su vida cotidiana allí, colocando la calle como un lugar de significado y de diferentes dimensiones como un movimiento de la vida, que puede ser aprehendido. a través de la memoria. El camino del pasado de esta calle, a través de la historia oral, se convierte en un elemento primordial para comprender su significado en la vida de los sujetos. En esta perspectiva, la investigación se llevó a cabo con comerciantes que han estado operando principalmente desde la década de 1960 y que allí han persistido pese a las diferentes reconfiguraciones que ocurrieron con el tiempo. Con el apoyo de la historia oral, la investigación buscó comprender el significado de lugar atribuido a la Rua do Lazer por estos comerciantes y sus perspectivas con respecto al proceso de revitalización, que se produjo durante el año 2019, a través de una asociación público-privada. Como enfoque metodológico, se incluyó un enfoque cualitativo, bibliográfico, documental y de investigación de campo, con el uso de entrevistas sobre el terreno. Por lo tanto, los datos recopilados nos señalan la relación establecida entre la Rua do Lazer y los sujetos que viven en ella, así como los cambios que actualmente la configuran.Palabras clave: Lugar; Significado; Recuerdos; Rua do Lazer – GO.

Writing History

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Martin Luther ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
German Scholar ◽  
Matthias Flacius Illyricus ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Ideological Assumptions

During the Renaissance and Reformation historical writing underwent dramatic changes in Europe and England. The recovery of many of the texts of classical antiquity that began in Italy in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries became a focus for university scholars and literary circles. The German scholar Martin Luther, who protested against papal indulgences in 1517, provided the foundation for a radically different approach to the scriptures and to the study of the past. A school of historians led by Matthias Flacius Illyricus produced a series of volumes that showed that the Church had changed significantly over time in its teaching and practices. In England the Elizabethan Society of Antiquaries sought to avoid legends, distortions, and ideological assumptions and find a new approach to the investigation of the past. William Camden, a member of the society, helped to provide a new kind of history, one that significantly influenced Fuller.

Logic and time

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Ordinary Language ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Divine Knowledge ◽  
Excluded Middle ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time

‘In Time rigorous abstraction, in Time the highest, in Time divine knowledge, is comprehended’Atharva VedaFollowing McTaggart [17], we may distinguish two aspects of time: The A-series, running through the past to the present and on into the future, and the B-series, running from earlier to later. In Indo-European languages at least, verbs are tensed, so we cannot help but place whatever we speak of in one of the three divisions of the A-series. But these divisions are not permanent: what is present was future and will be past. Hence a typical statement, e.g. ‘Socrates is sitting’, may well be true at one time and false at another. The instability of truth-value over time was a commonplace among pre-Renaissance logicians, but most modern writers have ‘abstracted from’, i.e. ignored, this feature of ordinary language.Early logicians were quite interested in time: Aristotle questioned the applicability of the excluded middle to predictions of future contingencies in the famous ‘sea-fight’ passage of On interpretation. Later Greek logicians debated whether that which neither is nor will be can legitimately be called possible, and whether, in order for the conditional ‘if p, then q’ to be true, it is required that ‘not both p and not ∼q’ be true (not just now but) always. Mediaeval logicians in Western Europe struggled with logical difficulties created by the Dogmas of the Church, Omniscience and Free Will. Their counterparts in the Islamic world puzzled over the semantics of the temporal adverbs, ‘always’, ‘usually’, ‘often’, ‘sometimes’, ‘seldom’, ‘never’.

The zoonotic potential of bat-borne coronaviruses

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-381
Author(s):  
Ny Anjara Fifi Ravelomanantsoa ◽  
Sarah Guth ◽  
Angelo Andrianiaina ◽  
Santino Andry ◽  
Anecia Gentles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Horseshoe Bat ◽  
Human Infections

Seven zoonoses — human infections of animal origin — have emerged from the Coronaviridae family in the past century, including three viruses responsible for significant human mortality (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) in the past twenty years alone. These three viruses, in addition to two older CoV zoonoses (HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63) are believed to be originally derived from wild bat reservoir species. We review the molecular biology of the bat-derived Alpha- and Betacoronavirus genera, highlighting features that contribute to their potential for cross-species emergence, including the use of well-conserved mammalian host cell machinery for cell entry and a unique capacity for adaptation to novel host environments after host switching. The adaptive capacity of coronaviruses largely results from their large genomes, which reduce the risk of deleterious mutational errors and facilitate range-expanding recombination events by offering heightened redundancy in essential genetic material. Large CoV genomes are made possible by the unique proofreading capacity encoded for their RNA-dependent polymerase. We find that bat-borne SARS-related coronaviruses in the subgenus Sarbecovirus, the source clade for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, present a particularly poignant pandemic threat, due to the extraordinary viral genetic diversity represented among several sympatric species of their horseshoe bat hosts. To date, Sarbecovirus surveillance has been almost entirely restricted to China. More vigorous field research efforts tracking the circulation of Sarbecoviruses specifically and Betacoronaviruses more generally is needed across a broader global range if we are to avoid future repeats of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Kedudukan dan Fungsi Bahasa dalam Permuseuman

Metahumaniora ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Erlina Zulkifli Mahmud ◽  
Taufik Ampera ◽  
Yuyu Yohana Risagarniwa ◽  
Inu Isnaeni Sidiq
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Communicative Function ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Library Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Museum Guides ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi manusia mencakup seluruh bidang kehidupan termasuk ilmu pengetahuan antara lain terkait sejarah peradaban manusia; bagaimana manusia mempertahankan hidupnya, bagaimana manusia memperlakukan alam, bagaimana alam menyediakan segala kebutuhan manusia. Apa yang dilakukan manusia saat ini, saat lampau, dan apa yang dilakukan manusia jauh di masa prasejarah, bagaimana kondisi alam di masa-masa tersebut, apa perubahan dan perkembangannya, dapat didokumentasikan melalui bahasa, divisualisasikan kembali, lalu dipajang sebagai salah satu upaya konversai dan preservasi dalam satu institusi yang disebut museum. Penelitian ini membahas kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa dalam permuseuman. Bagaimana kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa dalam permuseuman baik dalam informasi yang disampaikan oleh pemandu wisata museumnya maupun yang terpajang menyertai benda-benda dan gambar-gambar merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah gabungan antara metode lapangan dan metode literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum kedudukan bahasa Indonesia berada pada urutan pertama setelah Bahasa Inggris dan keberadaan kedua bahasa dalam permuseuman ini melibatkan dua fungsi utama bahasa, yakni fungsi komunikatif dan fungsi informatif.The existence and function of language  as a medium of communication covers all fields of human life including knowledge, one of them is the history of human civilization; how humans survived, how human utilized nature for their lives, and how nature provides all the necessities for humans. What humans have been doing now, what they have done in the past and far before that in the pre-history time, how the conditions of the nature at those times were and what changes as well as progresses occurred are documented using language, then re-visualized,  displayed as one of conservation and preservation acts in an institution called museum. This research discusess the existence and function of language in museums. How important the existence of a language in museums and what language functions used in museums both in informations given by the museum guides and on the displays accompanying objects and pictures are the aims of this research. The methods used are the combination between field research and library research. The results show that generally the existence of Indonesian language plays more important role than English and both languages have two main functions; communicative function and informative function.     

A LOOK INTO THE EARTH: EVALUATING THE USE OF MAGNETIC SURVEY IN AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGY

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Magnavita ◽  
Norbert Schleifer
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Magnetic Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Technique ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Prehistoric Settlements ◽  
Present Case Study

In the last decades, geophysical methods such as magnetic survey have become a common technique for prospecting archaeological sites. At sub-Saharan archaeological sites, however, magnetic survey and correlated techniques never came into broad use and there are no signs for an immediate change of this situation. This paper examines the magnetic survey undertaken on the Nigerian site of Zilum, a settlement of the Gajiganna Culture (ca 1800-400 BC) located in the Chad Basin and dated to ca 600-400 BC. By means of the present case study, we demonstrate the significance of this particular type of investigation in yielding complementary data for understanding the character of prehistoric settlements. In conclusion, we point out that geophysical methods should play a more important role in modern archaeological field research, as they furnish a class of documentation not achievable by traditional survey and excavation methods, thus creating new perspectives for interpreting the past of African societies.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telesca Giuseppe
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
Final Goal ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Over Time

The ambition of this book is to combine different bodies of scholarship that in the past have been interested in (1) providing social/structural analysis of financial elites, (2) measuring their influence, or (3) exploring their degree of persistence/circulation. The final goal of the volume is to investigate the adjustment of financial elites to institutional change, and to assess financial elites’ contribution to institutional change. To reach this goal, the nine chapters of the book introduced here look at financial elites’ role in different European societies and markets over time, and provide historical comparisons and country and cross-country analysis of their adaptation and contribution to the transformation of the national and international regulatory/cultural context in the wake of a crisis or in a longer term perspective.

The Invention of Papal History

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Reformation ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Standards ◽  
Commissioned Works ◽  
The One ◽  
Late Renaissance ◽  
The Church

How was the history of post-classical Rome and of the Church written in the Catholic Reformation? Historical texts composed in Rome at this time have been considered secondary to the city’s significance for the history of art. The Invention of Papal History corrects this distorting emphasis and shows how history-writing became part of a comprehensive formation of the image and self-perception of the papacy. By presenting and fully contextualizing the path-breaking works of the Augustinian historian Onofrio Panvinio (1530–68), this book shows what type of historical research was possible in the late Renaissance and the Catholic Reformation. Historiography in this period by no means consisted entirely of commissioned works written for patrons; rather, a creative interplay existed between, on the one hand, the endeavours of authors to explore the past and, on the other hand, the constraints of patronage and ideology placed on them. This book sheds new light on the changing priorities, mentalities, and cultural standards that flourished in the transition from the Renaissance to the Catholic Reformation.

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