scholarly journals Image of Kumgang Mountains (Geumgangsan) in Korean fine arts: tradition and modernity

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-117
Author(s):  
Ю.И. Гутарёва
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Korean Art ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Central Image ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Artistic Image

В статье исследуются особенности корейской пейзажной живописи, развитие которой с начала XVIII века оказывается неразрывно связано со знаменитой горной цепью Корейского полуострова Кымгансан. Утвердившись как центральный образ в пейзажах «подлинного вида», горы Кымган со временем приобретают значение не только художественного феномена, но и знакового национального символа родной земли в корейском культурном сознании, оставаясь для художников воплощением естественных красот и сплетением разнообразной символики. Цель статьи — определить значимость образа гор Кымган в корейском изобразительном искусстве как выразителя национальной самобытности искусства Кореи и хранителя художественно-ценностных традиций. В статье изложен анализ произведений корейских художников с XVIII столетия и до наших дней. Исследуются произведения ряда современных северокорейских и южнокорейских художников, чьи работы, разные по стилю и технике исполнения, объединяет единство мировосприятия гор Кымган как духовного источника, репрезентируя стремление к этнической аутентичности, возрождение традиций и выражение патриотизма в современном искусстве Республики Корея и КНДР. Предлагается обзор тенденций в корейском изобразительном искусстве, где в данном образе проявился национальный подход, натурное видение природы родной страны и творческое переосмысление открытий великих корейских пейзажистов в контексте адаптации новых художественно-выразительных особенностей в рамках традиционной системы дальневосточной живописи тушью и творческих экспериментов с разнообразными техниками. В заключение делается вывод о важности художественного образа гор Кымган, который, утвердившись в корейском пейзаже в XVIII веке, стал прочной основой для развития корейской живописи современного периода, демонстрируя не только приверженность традициям, но и способность к новациям как в приобретении новых символических оттенков в его прочтении, так и в расширении творческих поисков для выражения его эстетического идеала в картине мира современности. The article examines the features of Korean landscape painting, the development of which since the beginning of the 18th century is inextricably linked with the famous mountain range of the Korean Peninsula Kumgangsan (Diamond Mountains). Having established itself as the central image in landscapes of “true appearance”, the Kumgang Mountains over time acquire the significance of not only an artistic phenomenon, but also an iconic national symbol of the native land in the Korean cultural consciousness, remaining for artists the embodiment of natural beauties and the interweaving of various symbols. The purpose of the article is to determine the significance of the image of the Kumgang Mountains in Korean fine art of past and present eras, as an exponent of the national identity of Korean art and a keeper of artistic value traditions. The main objective of the article is to study the image of the Kumgang Mountains based on the analysis of the works of Korean artists from the 18th century to the present day, with the definition of its role and place in the contemporary fine arts of Korea. The article analyzes the works of a number of modern North Korean and South Korean artists, different in style and technique of execution, but similar in perception of the Kumgang mountains as a spiritual source, representing the desire for ethnic authenticity, the revival of traditions and the expression of patriotism in contemporary art of the Republic of Korea and the DPRK. The article provides an overview of trends in Korean painting, where this image manifests a national approach, a natural vision of the native country and a creative rethinking of the discoveries of the great Korean landscape painters in the context of adapting new artistic and expressive features within the traditional system of Far Eastern ink painting and creative experiments with various techniques. It is concluded that the artistic image of the Kumgang mountains is important as it has established itself in the Korean landscape in the 18th century, and become a solid foundation for the development of Korean painting in the modern period, demonstrating not only adherence to traditions, but also the ability to innovate, both in acquiring new symbolic shades, and expanding artistic and expressive means to display its aesthetic ideal in the picture of the world of our time.

Vyshnivetsky Castle Library of Prince Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky – Historical Book Heritage and Object of Bibliological and Historical Reconstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 166-182
Author(s):  
Iryna Tsiborovska-Rymarovych
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Cultural Images ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Definition Of

The article has as its object the elucidation of the history of the Vyshnivetsky Castle Library, definition of the content of its fund, its historical and cultural significance, correlation of the founder of the Library Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky with the Book.The Vyshnivetsky Castle Library was formed in the Ukrainian historical region of Volyn’, in the Vyshnivets town – “family nest” of the old Ukrainian noble family of the Vyshnivetskies under the “Korybut” coat of arm. The founder of the Library was Prince Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky (1680–1744) – Grand Hetman and Grand Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Vilno Voievoda. He was a politician, an erudite and great bibliophile. In the 30th–40th of the 18th century the main Prince’s residence Vyshnivets became an important centre of magnate’s culture in Rich Pospolyta. M. S. Vyshnivetsky’s contemporaries from the noble class and clergy knew quite well about his library and really appreciated it. According to historical documents 5 periods are defined in the Library’s history. In the historical sources the first place is occupied by old-printed books of Library collection and 7 Library manuscript catalogues dating from 1745 up to the 1835 which give information about quantity and topical structures of Library collection.The Library is a historical and cultural symbol of the Enlightenment epoch. The Enlightenment and those particular concepts and cultural images pertaining to that epoch had their effect on the formation of Library’s fund. Its main features are as follow: comprehensive nature of the stock, predominance of French eighteenth century editions, presence of academic books and editions on orientalistics as well as works of the ideologues of the Enlightenment and new kinds of literature, which generated as a result of this movement – encyclopaedias, encyclopaedian dictionaries, almanacs, etc. Besides the universal nature of its stock books on history, social and political thought, fiction were dominating.The reconstruction of the history of Vyshnivetsky’s Library, the historical analysis of the provenances in its editions give us better understanding of the personality of its owners and in some cases their philanthropic activities, and a better ability to identify the role of this Library in the culture life of society in a certain epoch.

Triumvirate and Principate

1973 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 50-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fergus Millar
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
New Method ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Res Publica

More than thirty years after its publication The Roman Revolution still stands unrivalled, not as the ‘definitive’ account of the emergence of a monarch from the ruins of the Republic but as something far more than that, the demonstration of a new method in the presentation of historical change. The aspect of this method, which has found most imitation, is of course prosopography; and it is indeed essential to it. But far more important is the use made of contemporary literature to mirror events, and to analyse and define the concepts and the terms in which the events were seen by those who lived through them.It is the common characteristic, perhaps even the definition, of great works of history that they invite imitation and offer a challenge, not just to apply their methods and standards to other areas, but to pursue their own conclusions further. The present paper is gratefully offered as an attempt to portray with a different emphasis some aspects of the establishment of Octavian as a monarch, first by demonstrating the extent to which the institutions of the res publica remained active in the Triumviral period, and secondly by redefining the change which culminated in 27 B.C., precisely by asking again in what terms it and the novus status which emerged from it were seen by contemporaries.

Exile and the Republic: Thomas McGrath and the Legacy of Jefferson's America

Prospects ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
David Haven Blake
Keyword(s):  
American Revolution ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
American Empire ◽  
Modernist Poetry ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Thomas Mcgrath ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many ◽  
Usable Past ◽  
Willful Defiance

Of the many authorities Thomas McGrath rejected during his life, one of the most significant was the American Revolution, for his work explicitly questions the founders as a source of aesthetic and political creativity. “The National Past has its houses,” he writes in Letter to an Imaginary Friend, “but their fires have long gone out!” From his pronouncing the death of Virginia's deified presidents to his condemnation of the “local colorist” hunting for patriotic “HEADwaters” by which to camp, the poet's renunciation of the “false Past” amounts to a coherent commentary on the relations between American politics and modernist poetry (Letter, 315). E. P. Thompson has remarked in paving homage to his friend that “McGrath is a poet of alienation…. His trajectory has been that of willful defiance … At every point when the applause – anyone's applause, even the applause of the alienated – seemed about to salute him, he has taken a jagged fork to a wilderness of his own making.” Although his language strongly recalls that of Emerson's “Self-Reliance,” Thompson views McGrath as more than a romantic individualist. McGrath's alienation was not simply the estrangement that Marx saw afflicting all of capitalist society, nor was it a momentarily fashionable pose; rather, it was a calculated and thorough opposition to what Thompson calls “official culture” and its destruction of political, historical, and literary values. McGrath's refusal to make a “usable past” out of the American Revolution participates in this general defiance of “official culture,” as his work insistently reminds us that among the regular patrons of Monticello and Mt. Vernon were the many establishment poets well entrenched in bourgeois universities. In defying modernism's efforts to renovate the 18th century, McGrath makes a wilderness of his own, a wilderness which grows in opposition to the wellplowed fields of American empire.

Two Commentaries on Euclid's Definition of Proportional Magnitudes

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Vahabzadeh
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Identical Manner ◽  
Definition Of

Euclid's definition of proportional magnitudes in the Fifth Book of the Elements gave rise to many commentaries. We examine closely two of these commentaries, one by al-Jayyānī (11th century) and the other by Saunderson (18th century). Both al-Jayyānī and Saunderson attempted to defend Euclid's definition by making explicit what Euclid had only implied. We show that the two authors explain Euclid's position in a virtually identical manner.

Digital Technology: the Answer to the Art Historical Conundrum of A ccessibility?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Berry
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Art History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
The People ◽  
Accessibility Problem ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

The famous anthropologist Pierre Bourdieu argued that there is an “unnatural idea of inborn culture, of a gift of culture, bestowed on certain people by Nature.” [1] Bourdieu is arguing that people, who have not been born into a higher class, or who cannot receive a high level of education, are unable to appreciate and understand art. The study of art history is expensive, and often involves extremely high travel costs, thus making it inaccessible to anybody who does not enjoy the means to pursue it. How can we address this accessibility problem in the study of art history? Is there any way to bring art to the people who do not possess “inborn culture?” Bourdieu wrote his book on art and class in 1984, at a time when the computer, and its democratizing potential, was a new and little -understood invention. My research proposes that modern technology provides an answer to this problem, which has plagued the discipline of art history. This presentation will examine three research projects that I’ve been working on at Queen’s. Each project uses digital technologies to improve the general public’s knowledge and access to art. The projects are all different: the first focuses on creating a digital model of 18th - century Canterbury Cathedral based on a book from W.D. Jordan Rare Books and Special Collections, the second project works on understanding Herstmonceux Castle and medieval England through technology, and the third involves image processing for art historical investigations. Despite their differences, each project makes art accessible to people who do not possess Bourdieu’s definition of “inborn culture.”        

Zur Frage der doktrinellen Auslegung des Artikels 61 Pkt. 3 der Verfassung der Republik Kasachstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Ermek B. Abdrasulov
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
National Business

This article examines the issues of differentiation of legislative and subordinate regulation of public relations. It is noted that in the process of law-making activities, including the legislative process, practical questions often arise about the competence of various state bodies to establish various legal norms and rules. These issues are related to the need to establish a clear legal meaning of the constitutional norms devoted to the definition of the subject of regulation of laws. In particular, there is a need to clarify the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 61 of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan in terms of the concepts "the most important public relations", "all other relations", "subsidiary legislation", as well as to establish the relationship between these concepts. Interpretation is also required by the provisions of p. 4 of Article 61 of the Constitution in terms of clarifying the question of whether the conclusion follows from mentioned provisions that all possible social relations in the Republic of Kazakhstan are subject to legal regulation, including those that are subject to other social and technical regulators (morality, national, business and professional traditions and customs, religion, standards, technical regulations, etc.). Answering the questions raised, the author emphasizes that the law and bylaws, as a rule, constitute a single system of legislation, performing the functions of primary and secondary acts. However, the secondary nature of subsidiary legislation does not mean that they regulate "unimportant" public relations. The law is essentially aimed at regulating all important social relations.

Criminological assessment of the identity of the offender serving a sentence of imprisonment for crimes related to drug trafficking for the purpose of sale (on the example of the Republic of Belarus)

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Светлана Михайловна Казакевич
Keyword(s):  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Illicit Drug Trafficking ◽  
Criminological Analysis

В статье проанализированы имеющиеся в научной литературе точки зрения относительно понятия «личность преступника», представлена авторская дефиниция личности преступника, совершающего преступления в сфере незаконного оборота наркотиков с целью сбыта. Криминологическому анализу подвергнуты осужденные, отбывающие наказание в виде лишения за преступления, связанные с незаконным оборотом наркотиков, по ч. 2, 3 ст. 328 Уголовного кодекса Республики Беларусь. По результатам проведенного эмпирического исследования выявлены особенности социально-демографического, медицинского, уголовно-правового и нравственно-психологического характера, присущие осужденным указанной категории. Обосновывается необходимость осуществления сотрудниками исправительных учреждений постоянного мониторинга личностных качеств осужденных за преступления, связанные с незаконным оборотом наркотиков с целью сбыта, и выработки на этой основе наиболее оптимальных вариантов проведения с ними индивидуальной воспитательной работы. Представлена авторская разработка криминологической модели личности преступника, отбывающего наказание в виде лишения свободы за преступления, связанные с незаконным оборотом наркотиков с целью сбыта. The article analyzes the points of view of scientists regarding the concept of “the identity of the criminal”, presents the author’s definition of the identity of the criminal who commits crimes in the sphere of illicit drug trafficking with a view to marketing. Convicted prisoners who are serving a sentence of deprivation for crimes related to drug trafficking, according to the following parts, are subjected to criminological analysis. 2, 3 tbsp. 328 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus. According to the results of the empirical research, the peculiarities of the socio-demographic, medical, criminal law, and moral-psychological nature of the convicts of this category were revealed. It justifies the need for employees of correctional institutions to continuously monitor the personal qualities of those convicted of crimes related to drug trafficking with a view to selling, and to develop on this basis the most optimal options for carrying out individual educational work with them. The author presents the development of a criminological model of the identity of a criminal who is serving a sentence of imprisonment for crimes related to drug trafficking with a view to selling.

Turkish Basis in Toponimization System

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (121) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Zh Konyratbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Cultural Symbol ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Internal Objects ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

Recently, three major processes are taking place in the urban space of the capital: 1) the process of national transonymization, ie the implementation of the names of newly established, renamed objects on the memorial principle (including national memoranda); 2) historical and cultural process; that is, the reproduction of object names in the nature of a national cultural symbol; 3) the process of national toponymization, ie the acquisition of common nouns. The main purpose of the article is to reveal and identify the Turkic basis of the layer of onymsformed as a result of this process of toponymization – one of the most productive internal resourcedevelopment in the urban space of the capital. That is, by conducting an etymological analysis ofthe system of urbanonymy, to show that the main source of optimized units belongs to the group ofTurkic languages.In the process of toponymization in the space of urbanism of the capital, the share of internalresource development is predominant, ie most of the layer of onyms on its onomastic map wasformed as a result of the Turkic basis. As a result, the urban design of the capital of Kazakhstan hasbecome the only historical and cultural center that meets the principles of language policy andnaming / renaming of the Republic of Kazakhstan. And we understand that the definition of thelayer of onyms in the laws of naming the internal objects of the city will be revealed in more depthby conducting a diachronic study of them.

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