scholarly journals Síndrome do jaleco branco em crianças na emergência: estudo descritivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1515-1529
Author(s):  
Silvia Helena Oliveira Da Cunha ◽  
Eliane Ramos Pereira ◽  
Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade Silva ◽  
Daniela Chaves Costa ◽  
Vivian Moreira Mencari

O momento na hospitalização da criança gera uma mudança brusca na vida de uma família, pois envolvem circunstâncias, como a interrupção do cotidiano, onde ela se vê longe de seus irmãos, do pai e amigos; de seu lar e de seus hábitos. É um evento social que mobiliza todos, tem seu caráter segregante, pois afasta  a criança e sua família da vida em sociedade, mas por outro lado, tem-se o desafio de conhecer novos ambientes, outras pessoas e por que não dizer, a possibilidade de fazer amizades e de retornar ao lar com a saúde restaurada. A criança hospitalizada passa por todo este processo e precisa do suporte familiar e educativo, a fim de que entenda aos poucos o processo no qual está inserida. Objetivos: descrever o fenômeno de extremo medo apresentado pela criança quando está na presença do jaleco branco. Visa também, apontar contribuições na minimização de manifestações de medo extremo e da síndrome do jaleco branco em crianças. Método: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa e adotando conceitos da visão fenomenológica desenvolvido no setor de emergência pediátrica de um hospital universitário. Utilizou-se a técnica da entrevista semiestruturada, evocações livres e observação participante com treze familiares, a fim de produzir dados acerca da cultura do medo reproduzida pela família nas crianças hospitalizadas. Resultados: Os dados foram submetidos à análise de Bardin, onde se estabeleceram cinco categorias: Profissionais de saúde; objetos estranhos; evento indesejável; infecções e bactérias hospitalares e medo da morte da criança. Detectou-se o fenômeno de intenso medo pela criança comparado à “síndrome do jaleco branco em adultos” no qual foi interpretado sob o ponto de vista fenomenológico. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que a articulação de estratégias terapêuticas, é ferramenta indispensável tanto na prevenção da síndrome do jaleco branco em crianças, quanto no fortalecimento do estado de resiliência e no enfrentamento do medo pela criança e família.   The moment a child is hospitalized generates an abrupt change in the life of a family, because it involves circumstances, such as the interruption of daily life, where the child is far from his/her siblings, father and friends; from his/her home and habits. It is a social event that mobilizes everyone; it has its segregating character, as it distances the child and his family from life in society, but on the other hand, there is the challenge of getting to know new environments, other people, and why not say, the possibility of making friends and returning home with his health restored. The hospitalized child goes through this whole process and needs family and educational support, so that he/she can gradually understand the process in which he/she is inserted. Objectives: to describe the phenomenon of extreme fear presented by the child when in the presence of the white coat. It also aims to point out contributions to minimize manifestations of extreme fear and the white coat syndrome in children. Method: A descriptive study, with a qualitative approach and adopting concepts from the phenomenological view, developed in the pediatric emergency department of a university hospital. We used the technique of semi-structured interview, free evocations and participant observation with thirteen family members, in order to produce data about the culture of fear reproduced by the family in hospitalized children. Results: The data were submitted to Bardin analysis, where five categories were established: health professionals; foreign objects; undesirable event; hospital infections and bacteria and fear of the child's death. The phenomenon of intense fear for the child was detected, compared to the "white coat syndrome in adults", which was interpreted from a phenomenological point of view. Conclusion: It was concluded that the articulation of therapeutic strategies is an indispensable tool both in the prevention of white coat syndrome in children and in the strengthening of the state of resilience and coping with fear by the child and the family.  

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1530-1549
Author(s):  
Silvia Helena Oliveira Da Cunha ◽  
Eliane Ramos Pereira ◽  
Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade Silva ◽  
Renata Carla Nencetti Pereira Rocha

Problema: Relações entre família e criança hospitalizada no contexto da emergência, reforçam frequentemente a cultura do medo por meio de condutas que a amedrontam demasiadamente, especialmente quando submetidas aos procedimentos dolorosos. Objetivos: analisar representações sociais da família acerca do sofrimento da criança na emergência; identificar a cultura do medo no contexto das representações da família e implicações; elaborar cartilha aos familiares como ferramenta facilitadora na minimização do estresse psicológico da criança. Método: Estudo descritivo, abordagem qualitativa, pautada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, utilizou-se técnicas de evocação livre, entrevista semiestruturada e observação participante. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de Bardin e classificados em cinco categorias: 1) profissionais de saúde; 2) objetos estranhos; 3) evento indesejável; 4) bactéria e infecção hospitalares e 5) medo da morte da criança. O estudo realizado na emergência pediátrica de um hospital universitário no município de Niterói/RJ e cujos sujeitos foram os familiares que acompanharam as crianças hospitalizadas. Conclusão: Percebe-se no cotidiano da emergência, que crianças sofrem dor emocional, antes da dor física, visto que medo excessivo da criança é culturalmente incentivado e aceito pelas famílias. Desconstruí-lo com educação e reforço positivo é eficaz ferramenta estratégica de promoção da saúde emocional ao binômio criança-família.   Problem: Relationships between hospitalized family and child in the emergency context often reinforce the culture of fear through behaviors that frighten her too much, especially when subjected to painful procedures. Objectives: to analyze social representations of the family about the suffering of the child in the emergency; Identify the culture of fear in the context of family representations and implications; To elaborate a booklet for the family as a facilitating tool in minimizing the psychological stress of the child. Method: Descriptive study, qualitative approach, based on Social Representations Theory, we used free evocation techniques, semi-structured interview and participant observation. The data were submitted to the analysis of Bardin and classified into five categories: 1) health professionals; 2) foreign objects; 3) undesirable event; 4) hospital bacterium and infection; and 5) fear of child death. The study carried out in the pediatric emergency of a university hospital in the city of Niterói / RJ and whose subjects were the relatives who accompanied the hospitalized children. Conclusion: It is noticed in the daily emergency that children suffer emotional pain, before physical pain, since excessive fear of the child is culturally encouraged and accepted by families. Deconstructing it with education and positive reinforcement is an effective strategic tool for promoting emotional health to the binomial child-family.


2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Costanza Torri

The vast majority of the medicinal plants in Chile have been studied from a pharmacological point of view. These studies, although giving important insights into the understanding of the Mapuche’s traditional medicine in terms of the therapeutical value of the plants, fail, however, to portray the numerous sociocultural and symbolic aspects of this form of medicine. This article aims to overcome this shortcoming by analyzing the sociocultural and religious values of medicinal plants among the Mapuche’s rural communities in Araucanía, Chile, as well as their role in traditional medicine. The methods utilized combined participant observation with individual interviews with local shamans (machi) and villagers. Data from free-list interviews and conversations with research participants were used to develop a series of semi-structured interview questions on knowledge of herbal medicines and plants. Data show that the therapeutic efficacy of Mapuche medicine is not only based on ‘‘active agents’’ but is also related to the symbolic and religious meaning attributed to the treatments by healers and patients. The article concludes that in order to fully understand the therapeutic efficacy of the plants, it is thus necessary to comprehend the sociocultural context in which they are used.


SCIENTIARVM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Francis Wendell Jácobo Valdivia ◽  
◽  
Arlett K. Jácobo Valdivia ◽  
María A. Manrique Aguirre ◽  
◽  
...  

The objective of this research was to analyze the experiences and the subjective world of self-injurious behavior called “Cutting” in adolescents from Arequipa. The sample consisted of 6 male and female adolescents between the ages of 14 and 17. The methodology was approached from a qualitative paradigm, working with the Phenomenological method, which allowed to analyze the experiences, emotions, experiences, feelings, and thoughts of adolescents in front of the "Cutting" through participant observation and in-depth interview. The Research is governed from a Cognitive - Behavioral approach. A structured interview and a sociodemographic record were applied to the adolescents to obtain data. The Results showed in detail the subjective world, experiences, characteristics and phenomena associated with Cutting, showing that adolescents self-harm due to family problems and males to manipulate and attract the attention of the family and partner, the beginning of the behavior Self-harm occurs from the age of 13, with a duration of 1 to 3 years, the behaviors found are impulsivity, aggressiveness, showing emotions of regret, depressed mood, anxious features, at the same time feeling relief and tranquility; the consequences they found are social discrimination, marks and scars on the body, low self-esteem, school absenteeism and poor academic performance. Keywords: Self-injury, Cutting Cognitive Behavioral Approach, Adolescence and self-harm


2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 6) ◽  
pp. 2666-2674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cléton Salbego ◽  
Elisabeta Albertina Nietsche ◽  
Elizabeth Teixeira ◽  
Nara Marilene Oliveira Girardon-Perlini ◽  
Camila Fernandes Wild ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the praxis of nurses in the hospital context and, from this, to define a concept about Care-Educational Technologies. Method: qualitative, exploratory-descriptive research, developed in a university hospital in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, with 21 nurses (non-probabilistic sampling), through non-participant observation and semi-structured interview, conducted from March to December 2015. Records were analyzed through content analysis. Results: the results showed that in the context of nurses' work, it is possible to deduce care-educational possibilities, based on the person-person, person-tool and/or person-universe relationship. The concept was defined based on the intertwining of caring-training and training-caring for oneself and other people. Final considerations: the reflections point to the need to develop or strengthen the autonomy of those involved in the health-disease process. This is based on the empowerment of people under their lives' conditions, in their multidimensionality, within human praxis.


2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ozdogan ◽  
M Davutoglu ◽  
M Bosnak ◽  
M Tutanc ◽  
K Haspolat

Current detailed information about the causes, management, and clinical course of acute childhood poisonings in Turkey is scarce. Therefore, we have conducted a descriptive study of children presenting with acute poisoning to the pediatric emergency department of Dicle University Hospital throughout an 8-month period. Two hundred unselected children with poisoning were evaluated in terms of clinical, epidemiological and socioeconomic aspects. The mean age of patients was 5.7 ± 4.0 years. The majority of the patients ( n = 108, 54%) were aged from 13 months to 4 years ( P < 0.05). In majority of patients (66.5%, n = 133), poisonings were accidental. Intentional poisonings accounted for 3.5% ( n = 7) and food poisoning accounted for 30% ( n = 60) of all cases. The families had more than three children in 129 (97%) of accidentally poisoned and in seven (100%) of intentionally poisoned patients, six were girls and one was a boy. The parents of most patients were uneducated. Furthermore, more than two third of families had low level of income. In all, 171 patients (85.5%) were discharged after an observation period of 24 h. Four patients died. In conclusion, factors such as low educational level of parents, presence of more than three children in the family, and low income increase the incidence of childhood poisonings. The low educational level of girls increases the incidence of intentional poisoning.


2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-130
Author(s):  
Rafael Böcker Zavaro

This article sets out the results of research which aims to determine the characteristics of fishing development in the province of Tarragona, from the social, territorial and economic point of view, as well as the perspective of the public policies implemented for this sector. It considers the role played by the various social, economic and institutional agents, and the importance of sustainable and responsible management of fishing. The research method we have chosen is the case study. The comparative analysis of the seven fishing ports in the south of Catalonia is even more significant in that each one has different sales volumes. The techniques used for gathering information were: the semi-structured interview, non-participant observation and the use of secondary statistical and documentary sources.


Author(s):  
N. Lange-Herr ◽  
A. Rindlisbacher ◽  
F. Romano ◽  
C. Jackowski

AbstractThe examination of children suspected of being abused poses a great challenge for forensic pathologists. The risk of misjudgment is high and can have serious consequences for the child and the family. In unclear cases, an assessment should always be carried out on an interdisciplinary basis with the involvement of the relevant disciplines such as pediatrics, dermatology, or radiology. We present the case of a 2.5-year-old boy who was presented by his parents at the Pediatric Emergency Department of a Swiss University Hospital due to fever and weight loss. During the physical examination, conspicuous findings on the abdomen were present, and the responsible emergency physicians informed the child protective services. A clinical forensic examination occurred on behalf of the child protection services. The abdomen of the child showed several symmetrical scars. The initial questioning of the parents did not provide clear information about the origin of the injuries. Further professional questioning of the family by the child protective services concluded that the injuries were the result of a traditional medical treatment in Somalia, which occurred several weeks before.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-85
Author(s):  
Zombieta Bening Tatas Kamantyan ◽  
Vina Salviana Darvina Soedarwo ◽  
Rachmad K. Dwi Susilo

Future orientation is a design, plan, and view of an individual in the context of his education in the future which aims to direct himself to behave in accordance with the expected future. The future orientation of girls' education is shaped by parents through a preference. Preference is a choice or decision that must be prioritized, prioritized, and prioritized. Parents' preferences in the future orientation of girls' education, do not want their daughters to go to college. The cultural system of society influences the construction of a person's thinking so that it forms a preference within the scope of the family which is the smallest institution in society. Among fishermen's families, the level of education can be said to be lower because the struggle to meet the daily needs of a fisherman is at sea facing big waves, uncertain weather, and income which is determined by the number of fish caught makes a problem that is hampering the fulfillment of educational needs. child. This study aims to describe and explain the forms and factors that influence parental preferences in the future orientation of girls' education among fishing families in Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency. This research chooses a qualitative approach with an ethnographic research type that aims to understand the indigenous people's point of view regarding the relationship with life, namely studying society and learning from society. Data collection techniques used participant observation, interviews, and document studies. The results of the research data obtained that preferences are divided into several forms, while the influencing factors are the family economy, community culture, and the mindset of parents. These forms and factors are collaborated with the concept of patriarchal culture.


2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danieley Cristini Lucca ◽  
Karina Silveira de Almeida Hammerschmidt ◽  
Juliana Balbinot Reis Girondi ◽  
Darla Lusia Ropelato Fernandez ◽  
Anderson Abreu de Carvalho ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and apply educational gerontotechnology through the articulation of playfulness, aimed at promoting the health of the elderly undergoing haemodialysis. Method: Convergent Care Research, following phases: conception, research structure (problem, objective and literature review); instrumentation, involving decisions about delimitation/detailing of the location (haemodialysis clinic), participants (ten elderly patients on haemodialysis), data collection instruments (semi-structured interview, participant observation and documentary/medical analysis); screening, rigorous investigation of haemodialysis treatment and analysis, guided by apprehension, synthesis, theorization and transfer. Results: Health needs of emerging elderly: Complications and worsening of chronic kidney disease; Self-care; Empowerment; Deficit of activities; Health promotion and Nursing care; and Importance of the family. Gerontotechnology developed: Game of Attitudes; its application aroused feelings - overcoming, occupation and knowledge. Final considerations: Game of attitudes makes it possible to remodel the care of the elderly undergoing haemodialysis; it is a tool that enriches the practice, allows innovation, aiding in the success of the treatment.


2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1267
Author(s):  
Fabiana Santos Silva ◽  
Cibelly Aliny Siqueira Lima Freitas ◽  
Dayse Paixão E Vasconcelos ◽  
Regina Célia Carvalho Da Silva ◽  
Denise Lima Nogueira ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTObjective: to reveal the perception of women with epilepsy facing the acquaintance with the disease and investigate the knowledge of the carriers on it. Methodology: case study with qualitative approach, carried out from April to June 2005, through the technique of focus group, semi-structured interview, and participant observation with four epileptic women assisted by the Family Health Strategy in Sinha Saboia de Sobral neighborhood, Ceara, Brazil, approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research Involving Human Subjects of Universidade Estadual Vale do Acarau in Sobral city, Ceará, Brazil, under the Recommendation 250/2005. Results: the information obtained favored the emergence of four categories: Women conceptualizing epilepsy; Response facing the diagnosis of epilepsy; Changes in the family after the diagnosis of epilepsy; The importance of family in the treatment of epilepsy, from the perspective of women. Conclusion: it was found that women lacked knowledge about epilepsy, sometimes they were involved with feelings of sadness, sometimes with resignation, and they expressed, after the diagnosis, feelings of concern and non-acceptance of the disease, stating that the family plays a key role in the treatment of this disease. It was felt, then, that there is a need to finally break free from the social stigma attached to the patients, who often hide from themselves. Descriptors: epilepsy; women; prejudice.RESUMOObjetivo: desvelar a percepção de mulheres portadoras de epilepsia diante da convivência com a doença e investigar o conhecimento das portadoras sobre ela. Metodologia: estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa, realizado durante os meses de abril e junho de 2005, por meio da técnica de grupo focal, entrevista semiestruturada e observação participante com quatro epilépticas atendidas na Estratégia Saúde da Família do bairro Sinhá Sabóia de Sobral/CE, aprovado Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa Envolvendo Seres Humanos da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú em Sobral/CE, com Parecer n. 250/2005. Resultados: as informações obtidas favoreceram o surgimento de quatro categorias: Mulheres conceituando epilepsia; Resposta diante do diagnóstico de epilepsia; Mudanças na família após o diagnóstico de epilepsia; A importância da família no tratamento da epilepsia, sob a óptica das mulheres. Conclusão: verificou-se que as mulheres apresentavam desconhecimento sobre a epilepsia, estavam envolvidas ora com sentimentos de tristeza, ora de conformação, expressaram, após o diagnóstico, sentimentos de preocupação e não aceitação da doença, afirmando a família ter papel fundamental no tratamento da doença. Percebeu-se, então, que se faz necessário romper definitivamente com o estigma social que acompanha os pacientes, que geralmente se escondem de si mesmos. Descritores: epilepsia; mulheres; preconceito.RESUMENObjetivo: poner de manifiesto la percepción de las mujeres con epilepsia delante de la convivencia con la enfermedady investigar el conocimiento de las portadoras sobre ella. Metodología: estudio de caso de abordaje cualitativa, realizado durante los meses de abril a junio de 2005, a través de la técnica de grupo focal, entrevista semi-estructurada y observación participante con cuatro epilépticas en la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia en el barrio de Sinhá Sabóia de Sobral, Ceará, Brasil, aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación en Seres Humanos de la Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú en Sobral, Ceará, Brasil, con el Dictamen 250/2005. Resultados: las informaciones obtenidas favorecieron la aparición de cuatro categorías: Mujeres conceptualizando la epilepsia; Respuesta frente al diagnóstico de la epilepsia; Cambios en la familia después del diagnóstico de la epilepsia; La importancia de la familia en el tratamiento de la epilepsia, desde la perspectiva de las mujeres. Conclusión: se encontró que las mujeres presentaban desconocimiento sobre la epilepsia, estaban enredadas a veces con sentimientos de tristeza, a veces de resignacíon, expresaron, después del diagnóstico, los sentimientos de preocupación y no aceptación de la enfermedad, diciendo que la familia juega un papel clave en el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Se consideró, entonces, que es necesario romper finalmente con el estigma social asociado a los pacientes, que a menudo se esconden de si mismos. Descriptores: epilepsia; mujeres; prejuicio.


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