scholarly journals Calcaneal Bone Quality and Physique in Elite Hungarian Male Athletes.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Recreational Sport ◽  
Bone Status ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Type Of Exercise

Abstract Regular physical activity has favourable influence on the bone status. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between the bone quality index (BQI) in the calcaneus and anthropometric variables in male elite athletes. Participants were Hungarian elite male athletes: kayak-canoe (KC, n=43); triathlon (T, n=16); track & field (TF, n=46); water-polo (WP, n=19). Their physique was characterised by Heath-Carter somatotype. Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) parameters were registered by Sonost3000 densitometer. Differences in bone quality between the groups and correlation patterns between QUS and physique were analysed (p<0.05). There were significant differences in QUS parameters. T and TF had significantly higher SOS (speed of sound, m/s) values than WP. KC had lower SOS values than T athletes (TF: 1519.3±16.0; T: 1512.9±20.8; KC: 1505.6±12.4; W: 1495.1±10.8. BUA (broadband ultrasound attenuation, dB/MHz) was the largestest in TF but this only differed significantly from WP (TF: 106.5±14.8; T: 98.9±11.5; KC: 98.7±16.5; WP: 92.2±8.8). BQI (αSOS+βBUA) was higher in TF (92.0±16.7) than in KC (79.2±13.1), WP (69.3±10.0); it was higher in T (84.8±19.6) than WP. Muscle percentage correlated positively, while absolute bone measurements correlated inversely with bone parameters. Higher QUS values were associated with lower endomorphy and mesomorphy, while more linear physiques correlated with better bone parameters. Physique and type of exercise training appear to be associated with bone status. Both weight-bearing and non-weight bearing exercise improve calcaneus bone parameters such as BQI to different extents. It might be preferable to combine some weight-bearing exercise during the sessions, and it is also highly recommended after a competitive period and during recreational sport activities.

Bone Status in Activity-Restricted Pregnant Women Assessed Using Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Brandao ◽  
Michelle F. Mottola ◽  
Robert Gratton ◽  
Judith Maloni
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Restriction ◽  
Bone Status ◽  
Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound

Objective: Pregnancy-induced bone loss may be further exacerbated by activity restriction (AR). The authors compared the bone status of AR hospitalized (≥7 days) pregnant women in the third trimester to ambulatory (AM) women at the same gestational age, using a prospective cross-sectional design. Method: AR was quantified in AR women by daily step counts using a pedometer for 7 consecutive days. Bone status was evaluated in the left and right calcaneus bones of both AR ( n = 13) and AM ( n = 20) women using quantitative ultrasound (QUS). Results: AR women took an average of 1,504 ± 1,377 steps/day. Speed of sound scores (1,543.05 ± 41.97 m/s vs. 1,569.60 ± 46.12 m/s) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) scores (107.93 ± 9.59 dB/MHz vs. 114.69 ± 17.06 dB/MHz) were not different between the AR and AM groups, respectively ( p > .05). However, bone stiffness index (SI) scores (84.0 ± 16.2 vs. 95.8 ± 22.1, respectively, p < .05) were different between groups, indicating a greater relative risk of future fracture in the AR women. Conclusion: Increased fracture risk appears to be a negative side effect incurred through an average of 16 days of hospitalized AR in late pregnancy. Further investigations using a larger sample size are necessary to evaluate the effect of antepartum AR on bone status in the postpartum period to determine if bone status is further attenuated by breastfeeding or if recovery occurs with resumption of ambulation and return of menses and to assess future risk in these women as they age. Prenatal care providers should be made aware of these risks.

scholarly journals Ceramic Artificial Talus as the Initial Treatment for Comminuted Talar Fractures

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuhei Katsui ◽  
Yoshinori Takakura ◽  
Akira Taniguchi ◽  
Yasuhito Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Talar Fractures ◽  
American Orthopaedic ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study

Background: Comminuted talar fractures are rare. Generally, this fracture occurs as a result of high-energy injuries. Therefore, this operation is challenging for the surgeon. We started to replace the whole talus with a total talar prosthesis in cases of aseptic talar necrosis in 2005. Based on these results, replacement with a ceramic artificial talus was performed as the initial treatment for comminuted talar fractures. Methods: From 2009 to 2016, a total of 6 feet of 6 patients with comminuted talar dome fractures or talar body defects were replaced with a ceramic artificial talus. The patients’ mean age was 40.3 years (range, 19-59). Postoperative assessments were performed in accordance with the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle/hindfoot score system. Postoperative range of motion and sports activities were also evaluated. Follow-up ranged from 12 to 84 (mean, 46.8) months. Results: The postoperative AOFAS score was on average 78.8 (64-100). The postoperative range of motion was on average 10 degrees (5-20) for dorsiflexion and 31 degrees (15-50) for plantarflexion. Three patients had returned to sport activities. Conclusion: Prosthetic total talar replacement was a useful procedure for patients with comminuted talar fractures, which had good congruency of the custom-made implant with the adjacent joints, resulting in stability, and maintained ankle function. Furthermore, this procedure could prevent the complications of long-term external fixation and non-weight-bearing walking seen after open reduction and arthrodesis. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective comparative study.

scholarly journals Assessment of the bone quality of black male athletes using calcaneal ultrasound: a cross-sectional study

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel P Laabes ◽  
Dorothy J VanderJagt ◽  
Michael O Obadofin ◽  
Ayuba J Sendeht ◽  
Robert H Glew
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Black Male ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Calcaneal Ultrasound

scholarly journals Bone quality is affected by food restriction and by nutrition-induced catch-up growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakefet Pando ◽  
Majdi Masarwi ◽  
Biana Shtaif ◽  
Anna Idelevich ◽  
Efrat Monsonego-Ornan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Epiphyseal Growth Plate ◽  
Plate Height ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Catch Up

Growth stunting constitutes the most common effect of malnutrition. When the primary cause of malnutrition is resolved, catch-up (CU) growth usually occurs. In this study, we have explored the effect of food restriction (RES) and refeeding on bone structure and mechanical properties. Sprague–Dawley male rats aged 24 days were subjected to 10 days of 40% RES, followed by refeeding for 1 (CU) or 26 days long-term CU (LTCU). The rats fedad libitumserved as controls. The growth plates were measured, osteoclasts were identified using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and micro-computed tomography (CT) scanning and mechanical testing were used to study structure and mechanical properties. Micro-CT analysis showed that RES led to a significant reduction in trabecular BV/TV and trabecular number (Tb.N), concomitant with an increase in trabecular separation (Tb.Sp). Trabecular BV/TV and Tb.N were significantly greater in the CU group than in the RES in both short- and long-term experiments. Mechanical testing showed that RES led to weaker and less compliant bones; interestingly, bones of the CU group were also more fragile after 1 day of CU. Longer term of refeeding enabled correction of the bone parameters; however, LTCU did not achieve full recovery. These results suggest that RES in young rats attenuated growth and reduced trabecular bone parameters. While nutrition-induced CU growth led to an immediate increase in epiphyseal growth plate height and active bone modeling, it was also associated with a transient reduction in bone quality. This should be taken into consideration when treating children undergoing CU growth.

scholarly journals Relationship between ultrasound bone parameters, lung function, and body mass index in healthy student population

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Cvijetić ◽  
Ivana Sabolić Pipinić ◽  
Veda Maria Varnai ◽  
Jelena Macan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
University Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Ultrasound Bone

Abstract Low bone mineral density has been reported in paediatric and adult patients with different lung diseases, but limited data are available on the association between lung function and bone density in a healthy young population. We explored the predictors of association between bone mass and pulmonary function in healthy first-year university students, focusing on body mass index (BMI). In this cross-sectional study we measured bone density with ultrasound and lung function with spirometry in 370 university students (271 girls and 99 boys). Information on lifestyle habits, such as physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption were obtained with a questionnaire. All lung function and bone parameters were significantly higher in boys than in girls (P<0.001). Underweight students had a significantly lower forced vital capacity (FVC%) (P=0.001 girls; P=0.012 boys), while overweight students had a significantly higher FVC% than normal weight students (P=0.024 girls; P=0.001 boys). BMI significantly correlated with FVC% (P=0.001) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1 %) in both genders (P=0.001 girls; P=0.018 boys) and with broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) in boys. There were no significant associations between any of the bone and lung function parameters either in boys or girls. The most important determinant of lung function and ultrasound bone parameters in our study population was body mass index, with no direct association between bone density and lung function.

scholarly journals Anticonvulsant use and bone health in a population-based study of men and women: cross-sectional data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinoomika Chandrasekaran ◽  
Julie A Pasco ◽  
Amanda L Stuart ◽  
Sharon L Brennan-Olsen ◽  
Michael Berk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Geelong Osteoporosis Study

Abstract Background: Anticonvulsant use has been linked to bone deficits in specific patient populations. We studied the association between anticonvulsant use and bone health in a population-based sample of men and women.Methods: Data from 926 men (24-73yr) and 1070 women (21-94yr) participating in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were included. Bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) of the PA-spine and total hip was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar). Bone quality was determined using quantitative heel ultrasound (QUS). Anthropometry was conducted and socioeconomic status was determined. Medication and lifestyle information was obtained via questionnaire. Linear regression was used to test associations between anticonvulsant use and bone health before and after adjustment for potential confounders. Results: Seventeen (1.8%) men and 20 (1.9%) women reported anticonvulsant use. In men, anticonvulsant users had 9.1% lower adjusted mean BMD at the spine and hip compared to non-users. Body mass index was an effect modifier at the spine. Anticonvulsant users also had 1.8% lower speed of sound (SOS), 10.6% lower broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and 13.7% lower stiffness index (SI) compared to non-users. In women, BMD tended to be lower at the hip compared to non-users as with the bone quality measure, BUA. No significant associations were observed at the spine or the other bone quality measures, SOS and SI. Conclusion: Our data suggest that bone quantity and quality, assessed using BMD and QUS, are lower for men and possibly women who use anticonvulsants. While further exploration into potential mechanisms is needed, our findings suggest that monitoring bone health among users of anticonvulsants is warranted.

Morningness-Eveningness Personality and Creative Thinking Among Young People Who Play Recreational Sport

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido M. Cavallera ◽  
Giuseppe Boari ◽  
Dina Labbrozzi ◽  
Emilia Del Bello
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Recreational Sport ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
The Relationship

Morningness-eveningness personality and creative thinking were investigated in a sample of young people who play recreational sports. Results showed that male participants were more eveningness-oriented than females; evening types had lower scores in creative thinking, although these were not statistically significant; the elaboration factor of the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (Torrance, 1989) was positively correlated with taking part in sport activities in the whole sample; and the elaboration and fluidity factors were negatively correlated with intermediate and morningness dispositions. The relationship between the number of hours per week of sport activity, morningness-eveningness personality, and creative thinking was also explored.

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