A REVIEW ON HERBAL EXCIPIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 05-08
Author(s):  
Arpita singh ◽  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Amresh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Form ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Great Merit ◽  
Novel Drug

The Herbal or natural excipients have great merit over their synthetic analogs as these are non-toxic, low-cost, and freely obtainable. The performance of the excipients partly determines the quality of the medicines. The plant acquired gums, mucilage from the natural origin for example carrageenan, thaumatin, lard, storax, agar, gum acacia, tragacanth, and excipients.  They can also be easily altered to meet the specific needs, thereby being a potent many more to name comply with many requirements of the pharmaceutical and economic vehicle for transporting active pharmaceutical ingredients in the formulation. Thus present study aims to throw light on the probable of natural excipients which can be present to be used as a diluent, binder, disintegrant as well as lubricant in different types of formulations as they are biocompatible and capable of giving additional nutrition to the developed dosage form. This article gives an overview of natural excipients which are used in conventional dosage forms as well as novel drug delivery systems.

A Review on Microspheres: Types, Method of Preparation, Characterization and Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Gurunath S. Dhadde ◽  
Hanmant S. Mali ◽  
Indrayani D. Raut ◽  
Manoj M. Nitalikar ◽  
Mangesh A. Bhutkar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Novel Drug Delivery System ◽  
Novel Drug

The microspheres are one of the novel drug delivery system in which effective therapeutic alternative to conventional or immediate release single-unit dosage forms. Microspheres can be characterized as solid, diameter having between 1–1000μm.there are different types of microsphere explained. These microspheres prepared and fill them in a hard gelatin or compress them directly. The microspheres which are prepared by using different technique that are changes their effectiveness and administration of the dosage form as compare to conventional dosage form. Microsphere will be evaluated by using different methods that analyses quality of the microsphere. The microspheres which will get central place in novel drug delivery in future.

Nanoemulsion: A Novel Drug Delivery Approach for Enhancement of Bioavailability

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-293
Author(s):  
Parijat Pandey ◽  
Nisha Gulati ◽  
Manish Makhija ◽  
Deepika Purohit ◽  
Harish Dureja
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Immiscible Fluids ◽  
Bcs Class Ii ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Common Operation ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Delivery Approach

Background: Poor bioavailability and solubility of drugs in aqueous phase are the most important problems of newly developed chemical entities that can be improved by nanoemulsion. Objectives: BCS class II and IV which are poorly soluble in water demonstrate various problems in conventional dosage forms. For the improvement of solubility, bioavailability and getting the best therapeutic effect of poorly soluble drugs nanoemulsion is the best solution. Methods: Nanoemulsion are thermodynamically unstable isotropic system with droplet size 1-100 nm in which two immiscible fluids are combined together to form one phase by using an emulsifying agent. Nanoemulsion can be designed to promote the bioavailability of API by trapping them inside. Results: Nanoemulsion can be developed in many dosage forms such as oral, parenteral, topical, ophthalmic dosage form in large scale using common operation at a very low cost. Large range of lipophilic drugs can be easily incorporated in nanoemulsion. Conclusion: In this review, attention is focused on the type of nanoemulsions, their advantages over other dosage form, method for their preparation, characterization, applications and patents in various fields.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Lipid Micro/Nanoparticles for Oral Administration by Spray-Cooling

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Carmen S. Favaro-Trindade ◽  
Fernando E. de Matos Junior ◽  
Paula K. Okuro ◽  
João Dias-Ferreira ◽  
Amanda Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Spray Cooling ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Taste And Odor ◽  
Cooling Technology ◽  
Simple Technology

Nanoencapsulation via spray cooling (also known as spray chilling and spray congealing) has been used with the aim to improve the functionality, solubility, and protection of drugs; as well as to reduce hygroscopicity; to modify taste and odor to enable oral administration; and many times to achieve a controlled release profile. It is a relatively simple technology, it does not require the use of low-cost solvents (mostly associated to toxicological risk), and it can be applied for lipid raw materials as excipients of oral pharmaceutical formulations. The objective of this work was to revise and discuss the advances of spray cooling technology, with a greater emphasis on the development of lipid micro/nanoparticles to the load of active pharmaceutical ingredients for oral administration.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical Excipients and Drug Metabolism: A Mini-Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8224
Author(s):  
Rahul Patel ◽  
James Barker ◽  
Amr ElShaer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Drug Metabolism ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
Incubation Condition ◽  
Pharmaceutical Excipients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Form Design ◽  
The Right

Conclusions from previously reported articles have revealed that many commonly used pharmaceutical excipients, known to be pharmacologically inert, show effects on drug transporters and/or metabolic enzymes. Thus, the pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination) of active pharmaceutical ingredients are possibly altered because of their transport and metabolism modulation from the incorporated excipients. The aim of this review is to present studies on the interaction of various commonly-used excipients on pre-systemic metabolism by CYP450 enzymes. Excipients such as surfactants, polymers, fatty acids and solvents are discussed. Based on all the reported outcomes, the most potent inhibitors were found to be surfactants and the least effective were organic solvents. However, there are many factors that can influence the inhibition of CYP450, for instance type of excipient, concentration of excipient, type of CYP450 isoenzyme, incubation condition, etc. Such evidence will be very useful in dosage form design, so that the right formulation can be designed to maximize drug bioavailability, especially for poorly bioavailable drugs.

scholarly journals Cellulose Nanocrystals Preparation as Pharmaceuticals Excipient : a Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Margaretha Efa Putri ◽  
Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa ◽  
Marline Abdassah
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Isolation Procedure ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Form ◽  
Pharmaceutical Excipient ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Solid Dosage ◽  
Different Characteristics

Cellulose nanocrystals is a cellulose derivates which has been widely researched and observed as an chemical agent. Different with cellulose that has been widely used as pharmaceutical excipient especially in solid dosage form, cellulose in nanocrystals form is not available in pharmaceutical grade. Cellulose nanocrystals have different characteristics and quality which is depend on its preparation including sourcing, isolation procedure, and hydrolysis reaction involved. This difference is very important to deeply observed its impact in pharmaceutical dosage form with different active ingredients. In addition, cellulose nanocrystals should meet FDA requirement as pharmaceutical excipient. This review  describe cellulose nanocrystals preparation and its characteristics, its application to active pharmaceutical ingredients, and its properties in order to meet FDA requirement.Keywords: Cellulose, nanocrystals, pharmaceutical excipient

scholarly journals Recovery of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients from Unused Solid Dosage-Form Drugs

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (45) ◽  
pp. 29147-29157
Author(s):  
Dhanang Edy Pratama ◽  
Wen-Chen Hsieh ◽  
Ahmed Elmaamoun ◽  
Hung Lin Lee ◽  
Tu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Form ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Solid Dosage Form ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Solid Dosage
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