scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DRYING METHODS ON SEED GERMINATION OF TWO PEPPER VARIETIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Hasan Pinar ◽  
Funga Ulrich ◽  
Mahmut Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Seed Industry ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Positive Effect

High seed germination is an important criteria in the seed industry, so the discovery of new processing processing methods that can improve percentage germination will be of great benefit for seed producers as well as for farmers. Seed germination tests of two pepper varieties (Bozok and pinar) that were dried using common (sun, shade, greenhouse) and novel (oven, microwave, liyofilization) drying methods were experimented. Two types of solid medium were used, one which was a mixture of peat and perlite (M1) and the other that contained only vermiculite (M2), a paper wet test in petridish (M3) was also performed, but was not replicated. There were no difference between both medium but a difference in viability in both varieties, Bozok was found to be more viable. Sun drying gave the highest emmergence rate 80% and 60% respectively in M2 and M1 for Bozok. Novel drying methods had no positive effect on seed germination.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE EXTRACT OF SOME CROPS AND SOIL RESIDUES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Nielsen ◽  
W. B. Woods ◽  
T. F. Cuddy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Six plant species were germinated in sand wetted with water extracts of tissues of five field crops and three soils. Deionized water was used as a check f he study was conducted using standard seed germination techniques.Alter 7 to 10 days all of the germinated seeds were harvested and measurements made of the shoot and root lengths.Alfalfa extract caused the greatest reduction in shoot and root length as well as m percentage germination. It caused the greatest increase in the time required for germination. Timothy extract was not quite as harmful as the alfalfa. Extracts of oats, corn and potatoes were still less harmful with potato extract causing the least effect.The soil extracts generally had very little effect when compared with deionized water.Plant species showed marked differences in tolerance to the extracts alfalfa being the most resistant and timothy the least.Where water alone was used rate of germination and per cent germination were as high or higher than with the other extracts, but the root and shoot lengths were not always the greatest.

scholarly journals Effect of Drying Methods and Packaging on the Nutritional Values of Onions (Allium cepa L.) Bulbs

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Toyin Afolabi ◽  
Vadlya Tizhe Tame
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Onion Bulbs ◽  
Other Hand

This research work was designed to give an insight on physiochemical properties of Allium cepa. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of three drying methods on the physiochemical properties of onion bulbs and to determine the effective packaging material on the physiochemical properties of onion. Freshly harvested onion bulbs at a fully matured stage and fully ripe was purchased from a commercial farm at Locco farms from Song LGA of Adamawa State, Nigeria. The experiment consists of six treatments which include oven drying plastic container, oven drying polythene bags, sun drying plastic container, sun drying polythene bags, shade drying plastic container and shade drying polythene bags. The experiment was replicated three (3) times and data was collected on parameters such as color, bulk density, fat, carbohydrate and, fiber. The various drying methods used were capable of preserving the nutrients in A. Cepa without total loss of any nutrient. Shade dried and oven dried samples were found to be more nutritive, on the other hand, oven drying and sun drying were faster in drying than the shade drying method. Oven drying was more cost effective and gave the lowest moisture content in this study, suggesting higher capacity to prevent microbial growth and decay in the dried samples, thus confers a greater increase in shelf-life on the dried samples. On the other hand, plastic container packaging was found to be better in terms of maintaining physical and chemical properties of the dried samples followed, by polythene bags. Further study should be carried out on the factors that affect the storability of onion bulbs in both dried and fresh samples.

scholarly journals Soluções crioprotetoras na conservação de sementes de orquídea estrela e orquídea bambu em nitrogênio líquido

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-346
Author(s):  
Jean Carlo Baudraz de Paula ◽  
Douglas Junior Bertoncelli ◽  
Guilherme Augusto Cito Alves ◽  
Gabriel Barraca Men ◽  
Tatiana Fattori Mathias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

An alternative for the conservation of orchid species threatened with extinction is the seeds preservation for long periods by cryopreservation. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of cryogenic solutions on the orchids Epidendrum radicans and Arundina bambusifolia seeds cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen. Seven treatments were performed: 0.4 M sucrose; 2 M glycerol; PVS1; PVS2; PVS3; PVS2 + 1% phloroglucinol and the control. After liquid nitrogen removal, half of the seeds were subjected to tetrazolium test, and another half was in vitro cultured. After 30 days seed germination was evaluated. There was no significant difference between A. bambusifolia and E. radicans in tetrazolium test and seeds germination. On the other hand, it was observed that in A. bambusifolia tetrazolium and seed germination tests the solutions of PVS1, PVS2, PVS2 + 1% phloroglucinol showed the best results. E. radicans seeds with 4% water content cryopreservation does not require the use of cryoprotectant. On the other hand, cryoprotectant´s use resulted in positive effect in maintenance and viability preservation of A. bambusifolia seeds. PVS1, PVS2 and PVS2 + 1% phloroglucinol showed best seeds survival rates after cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Drying Methods on Untargeted Phenolic Metabolites, and Antioxidant Activity in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis) and Nightshade (Solanum retroflexum Dun.)

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millicent G. Managa ◽  
Yasmina Sultanbawa ◽  
Dharini Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Solanum Retroflexum

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis) and Nightshade (Solanum retroflexum are popular traditional leafy vegetables consumed predominantly by rural Africans. Sun drying is adopted as a traditional method of postharvest preservation to store theses leaves during off seasons. The influence of different types of postharvest processing treatments, such as conventional oven drying, solar cabinet drying, sun drying and freeze drying, on the changes on colour properties and antioxidant components were investigated. Freeze-drying retained the ascorbic acid content, antioxidant activities, total chlorophyll content, green colour by reducing the colour difference (∆E). With regard to Chinese cabbage and Nightshade leaves, sun and microwave drying respectively had the most negative impact on all the identified phenolic compounds. The OPLS-DA and the UPLC–QTOF/MS and chemometric approach showed kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside, kaempferol-3-sophorotrioside-7-glucoside and hydroxyoctadecenedioic acid as the markers responsible for the separation of sun-dried samples from the other drying treatments in Chinese cabbage. Sinapoyl malate was not detected in sun-dried samples. Caffeoylmalic acid was identified as the marker compound to separate the other drying treatments from the microwave dried samples of Nightshade leaves. Trihydroxyoctadecadiene derivative and hydroxyoctadecanedioic acid were detected in microwaved samples. Due to the cost effectiveness, solar dryer cabinet treatment was recommended for drying both vegetables. The proximate analysis of solar dried functional powder of Chinese cabbage and Nightshade vegetables demonstrated higher contents of protein and dietary fibre.

Effect of Seed Treatments and Potting Medium on Seed Germination and Associate Parameters in Critically Endangered Litsea glutinosa (Lour.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Naseer Mohammad ◽  
Ankur Dahayat ◽  
Yogeshwar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Germination Energy ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Litsea Glutinosa ◽  
Germination Value ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Peak Value

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different seed treatment and soil media on germination percentage and associate parameters in Litsea glutinosa during May to June, 2013 at vegetative multiplication nursery of Genetics and Plant Propagation Division of Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh). Data on daily seed germination from twenty treatment combination was recorded and used for estimation of germination percentage, germination energy (%), energy period, germination value and peak value of mean germination. Critical perusal of analysis revealed that seed treatment with ‘Water+200 ppm GA3’ was resulted in positive effect on all the characters studied i.e. germination percentage, germination energy, energy period, germination value and peak value of mean germination. Whereas, potting mixture of ‘1/3 Sand+1/3 FYM+1/3 Soil’ revealed positive effect on all the characters studied among all the potting mixture tried.

scholarly journals Effect of drying methods and packaging on retention of carotenoid pigment in dried petals of marigold cv. seracole

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-585
Author(s):  
Sangita Mahanta ◽  
Madhumita Choudhury Talukdar ◽  
Priyanka Das
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Carotenoid Pigment ◽  
Sun Drying

An experiment was conducted in Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, to study the effect of drying methods and packaging on retention of carotenoid content in dried petals of marigold cv. Seracole during 2016-2017. Petals were subjected to drying employing three different methods viz., sun drying, shade drying and cabinet drying. Among the various drying methods tested, cabinet drying gave the highest carotenoid content (337.64μg/g) compared to the other methods. Three different packaging materials viz., LDPE 200 gauge, LDPE 300 gauge and LDPE 400 gauge were utilized for the experiment. The carotenoid content was highest in the first month with LDPE packaging materials of 400 gauge (270.47 μg/g), 300 gauge (269.64 μg/g) and 200 gauge (266.94 μg/g) which decreased with advancement of storage period.

scholarly journals Seed Germination of Two Provenances of Atlantic White-Cedar as Influenced by Stratification, Temperature, and Light

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-163
Author(s):  
Laura G. Jull ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
L. Eric Hinesley
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Light Requirement ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
The North ◽  
High Germination

Abstract Seeds from two provenances (Wayne Co., NC, and Escambia Co., AL) of Atlantic white-cedar [Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P.] were stratified (moist-prechilled) for 0, 30, 60 or 90 days at 4C (39F). Following stratification, seeds were germinated at 25C (77F) or 8/16 hr thermoperiods of 25/15C (77/59F) or 30/20C (86/68F) with daily photoperiods at each temperature of total darkness, ½, 1,2, 4, 8, 12, or 24 hr. Seed germination of the Alabama provenance was greater than the North Carolina provenance for all treatments. There were no significant differences in percentage germination between 25/15C (77/59F) and 30/20C (86/68F) for any durations of stratification for either provenance. Regardless of stratification, germination was lowest at 25C (77F) for both provenances. When nonstratified seeds from the North Carolina provenance were germinated at photoperiods ≤ 12 hr, total germination never exceeded 5%, indicating an obligate light requirement. On the other hand, an obligate light requirement was not observed for seeds from the Alabama provenance since 15% of the nonstratified seeds germinated in darkness. However, for both provenances, stratification and daily photoperiods ≥ ½ hr greatly increased germination. The North Carolina provenance required 90 days stratification to maximize germination (66%), whereas the Alabama provenance needed only 30 days (80%). High germination percentages were due, in part, to rigorous seed cleaning.

The Determinants of Capital Adequacy Ratio: The Case of the Vietnamese Banking System in the Period 2011-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc Anh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Asset ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Hand Size ◽  
Net Interest Margin ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Positive Effect

The analysis of a data set of observation for Vietnamese banks in period from 2011 - 2015 shows how Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is influenced by selected factors: asset of the bank SIZE, loans in total asset LOA, leverage LEV, net interest margin NIM, loans lost reserve LLR, Cash and Precious Metals in total asset LIQ. Results indicate based on data that NIM, LIQ have significant effect on CAR. On the other hand, SIZE and LEV do not appear to have significant effect on CAR. Variables NIM, LIQ have positive effect on CAR, while variables LLR and LOA are negatively related with CAR.

Seed-borne fungi of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] and their possible control in vitro using locally available fungicides in Botswana.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 5016 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Khare* ◽  
Loeto D. ◽  
Wale K. ◽  
Salani M.
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Petri Plate

Seeds of three cowpea cultivars namely Black eye, ER 7 and Tswana obtained from the Department of Agriculture Research, Gaborone were tested for the presence of seed-borne fungi, and their possible control in vitro using locally available fungicides. Four hundred fifty seeds of each cultivar of cowpea were disinfected with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 min and washed three times with sterile distilled water before placing them in PDA plates (5 seeds/9 cm Petri plate), incubated at 22±2o C for 12 hour each under continuous light and dark. A total of eight fungi were detected from seeds of cowpea. These were Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cylindrocarpon sp., Fusarium equisiti, F. oxyaporum, Penicillium chyrosogenum, Rhizopus oligosporus and R. stolonifer. Rhizopus spp. were dominant fungi recovered from seeds, followed by Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Cylindrocarpon. The fungi detected resulted in decay and rotting of seeds, and thereby reducing percentage germination of seeds (22%, 37% and 63 % seed germination in Black eye, ER7 and Tswana varieties of cowpea respectively). Out of four fungicides tested, benlate, captan, dithane M 45 and chlorothalanil. Dithane M45 effectively controlled seed-borne fungi, and enhanced seed germination to an average of 86% (93% germination with no fungi detected in Tswana variety) as compared to chlorothalonile (79%), benlate and captan (77%) and un-treated seeds (45%). The fungal incidence was reduced to 2.3%, 4.3%, 5.3% and 5.3% when seeds were treated with dithane M-45, chlorothalonil, benlate and captan respectively as compared to 62% in non-treated seeds.

The Effects of Online Assignments and Weekly Deadlines on Student Outcomes in a Macroeconomics Course

2020 ◽  
pp. 056943452096825
Author(s):  
Laurie A. Miller ◽  
James R. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Student Retention ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Student Outcomes ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
The Other ◽  
Student Knowledge ◽  
Final Exam ◽  
Online Assignments ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Jel Classifications

This study examined how weekly, externally set deadlines affected the completion of adaptive learning assignments and student outcomes in an introductory macroeconomics course. We imposed different deadline schemes for the same adaptive learning assignments in two sections of the course. One section was given flexible deadlines and the other section was given rigid weekly deadlines. We found that weekly deadlines did not affect assignment completions or total points earned on unit exams. We investigated how the adaptive learning assignments affected student retention of material. A measure of staying on pace in the course provided a positive effect on the comprehensive final exam for students with weekly deadlines. The weekly deadlines may not have influenced assignment completions but consistent engagement with the flow of topics through the course increased student knowledge retention. Regardless of deadline type, completions of adaptive learning assignments positively affected outcomes on the unit exams and final exam. JEL Classifications: A20, A22

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