scholarly journals Penciptaan Alkitabiah dan Evolusi: Berbagai Upaya untuk Merekonsiliasi Keduanya

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-116
Author(s):  
Yohanes Verdianto
Keyword(s):  
Human Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Biblical Authority ◽  
Secondary Resources ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Made In

 Since Charles Darwin wrote his book on the theory of human evolution in 1859, the paradigm of Christians and even Christian theologians have partially endorsed it or at least tried to reconcile ideas about biblical creation and the theory of evolution. Attempts have been made in literary form by Christian theologians who strongly believe in the Bible but at the same time believe in evolution, in their effort to reconcile both. This paper attempts to examine the writings of several theologians on evolution and biblical creation, and then provide rebuttals regarding the views of those who try to reconcile six-day biblical creation with the millions of years of evolutionary theory, but override the authority of Scripture. The expected result in this paper is that the biblical authority and its validity in the story of God’s creation during the six days is literal and cannot be reconciled with the theory of evolution. This paper using a documentary research method, in which the primary resources are the theologians who believe in God and simultaneously believe in the theory of evolution. Secondary resources are needed as a comparison and provide input in connection with this research. AbstrakSejak Charles Darwin menulis bukunya tentang teori evolusi manusia pada tahun 1859, paradigma orang Kristen dan bahkan para teolog Kristen pun sebagian telah mendukungnya atau setidaknya mencoba menyelaraskan ide tentang penciptaan alkitabiah dan teori evolusi. Berbagai upaya telah dibuat dalam bentuk literatur oleh para teolog Kristen yang sangat memercayai Alkitab tapi di saat yang sama juga memercayai evolusi, dalam upaya mereka untuk menyelaraskan keduanya. Makalah ini mencoba untuk menelaah tulisan beberapa teolog sehubungan dengan hal tersebut dan memberikan sanggahan sehubungan dengan pandangan mereka yang mencoba menyelaraskan penciptaan alkitabiah selama enam hari dengan teori evolusi yang berlangsung jutaan tahun, namun dengan mengesampingkan otoritas Kitab Suci. Hasil yang diharapkan dalam makalah ini bahwa otoritas Alkitab dan keabsahannya dalam kisah penciptaan Allah selama enam hari literal adalah benar dan tidak dapat diselaraskan dengan teori evolusi. Makalah ini menggunakan metode studi literatur, di mana sumber utama adalah tulisan para teolog yang memercayai Allah dan secara bersamaan memercayai teori evolusi. Sumber sekunder diperlukan sebagai pembanding dan memberikan masukan sehubungan dengan penelitian ini.

scholarly journals Darwin's Use of Intellectual Disability in The Descent of Man

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Gelb
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Descent Of Man

When Charles Darwin turned his attention to writing about human descent in 1871 he attempted to narrow the fossil gap between human beings and higher primates by presenting persons with intellectual disabilities — "idiots" in the language of the day — as evidence in support of the theory of evolution. This paper explores the four ways that Darwin used persons with intellectual disabilities in The Descent of Man: 1) as intermediate rung on the evolutionary ladder connecting humans and primates; 2) as exemplars of the inevitable waste and loss produced by natural selection acting upon variability; 3) as the floor of a scale representing the "lowest", most unfit variety of any species when individuals were rank ordered by intelligence; and 4) as atavistic reversions to extinct forms whose study would reveal the characteristics of earlier stages of human evolution. Darwin's strategic use of intellectual disability is brought to bear on the controversy regarding the mental state of Darwin's last child.

Evolution by Blind Chance

1986 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-360
Author(s):  
Barrie Britton
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
World Views ◽  
Literal Interpretation ◽  
Origin Of Species ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Universe

Ever since Charles Darwin first published his revolutionary book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, there has been considerable disagreement among Christians concerning both the truth of evolutionary theory and its possible reconciliation with the Bible. Some Christians have taken the so-called ‘fundamentalist creationist’ position believing in a literal interpretation of the first few chapters of Genesis. Others have adopted so-called ‘theistic evolutionist’ views accepting to various different degrees Darwinian ideas about origins. One point however on which most Christians (and indeed non-Christians) are agreed, is that an evolutionary process based on blind chance must necessarily conflict with all possible theistic world views and stands irreconcilable with the biblical text. It is this assertion which in this essay I hope to refute, as based on misunderstanding of the meaning of blind chance, of the mechanism of evolution and of the involvement of God in the universe.

Books on the Theory of Evolution in the Libraries of Russia (to the 150th Anniversary of “The Origin of Species” by Charles Darwin Publication)

2010 ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Mikhail B. Konashev
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Synthetic Theory ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Second Home ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Basic Features

The role of the Russian libraries in the perception and the development of evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin and modern (“synthetic”) theory of evolution is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the basic features of library acquisition of publications on evolutionary theory and the influence of censorship on this process. The conclusion is that due to the libraries Russia, according to K. Timiryazev has become “a second home Darwinism”, and the Soviet Union — “a second home for the modern theory of evolution”.

Writing and Evolutionary Theory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seán Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Natural Theology ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Nature Study ◽  
The Impact

The development of evolutionary theory over the course of the 19th century was not confined to the theory of evolution by natural selection posited by Charles Darwin (b. 1809–d. 1882) and Alfred Russell Wallace (b. 1823–d. 1913). Encompassing the burgeoning science of geology, natural history, and biology and eventually being adapted into sociology, psychology, political theory, economics, and cultural anthropology, the theory of evolution quickly became both pervasive and divisive. Prior to Darwin’s intervention with the Origin of Species (1859), various theories of evolution were circulating, being accommodated within the field of natural theology or constituting a challenge to theories of intelligent design. Over the period, the interplay between literature and evolutionary theory was complex and pronounced: advances in science provoked new formal and thematic concerns for writers, and scientists used poetry and literary techniques to disseminate their arguments to wide readerships. During the period, the rise of natural historical study as a popular pursuit, and the Victorian emphasis on nature study as a moral, even religious, pursuit, meant that evolutionary ideas were adapted for various purposes and contested in both popular and specialist texts. Pre-Darwinian literature circulated evolutionary ideas mainly within the framework of natural theology (proving and discussing God’s existence through the study of Creation), but visions of harmony and beneficent design were challenged through the theory of natural selection, meaning that post-Darwinian literature more fully encompasses anthropological anxiety and the falling off of faith. Religious texts, and theological concerns, are thus central to the interplay between literature and science in the period. Toward the end of the century, the adaptation of Darwinism and evolutionary theory into various disciplines saw a proliferation of social Darwinism, branching off into eugenics, the impact of which would be felt most fully in the 20th century. This article focuses on writing and evolutionary theory in its immediate British and 19th-century contexts.

scholarly journals TEORI EVOLUSI MANUSIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN

el-'Umdah ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-132
Author(s):  
Aas Siti Sholichah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The West ◽  
Chinese Philosopher ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Greek Philosopher ◽  
British Scientist ◽  
Interpretation Method

This paper will analyze the theory of human evolution that developed in the West and the theory of human evolution that is explained in the Qur'an with the interpretation approach. The method used in this paper is to use qualitative methods derived from sharing books relating to the above problems. The approach to the interpretation method of the Qur'an uses the thematic method, because this method can study contemporary problems. The theory of evolution began to be studied and debated in the 6th century BC, beginning with the Greek philosopher Anaximander, Empedocles, Lucretius, the same opinion was expressed by Arab biologist Al Jahiz, Persian philosopher Ibn Miskawaih, Ikhwan As-Shafa, and Chinese philosopher Zhuangzi. Furthermore, the theory of evolution was published by a British scientist named Charles Darwin, the results of his research on evolution, especially human evolution, explained that the theory of evolution was not created by God but stood alone. This opinion caused debate among scientists and religious leaders especially Islam was rejected because it contradicted the Qur'an.

scholarly journals A Reflection on the legacies of Charles Darwin

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-47
Author(s):  
J. M. Agai
Keyword(s):  
Human Evolution ◽  
Biological Theory ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Historical Reflection

The biological theory of human evolution existed before Charles Darwin. His view on the origins of animals attracted much debate among scientists and Chris-tians since 1859. Darwin’s view on the causes of variation among species which led to the emergence of humans has contributed to the development of an ideology according to which he is the father of evolution. This research is a historical reflection on Darwin’s life and his theory of evolution. The author describes the views that existed and still exist as responses to Darwin's life and his theory of evolution. The research is aimed at appreciating Darwin’s legacies and his contribution to the development of the various schools of thoughts among Christians regarding the creation/evolution debate.

scholarly journals Reasons of How Adventists Pioneers Accepted the Truth about Sabbath (1844-1863)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1908-1926
Author(s):  
Yohanes Verdianto
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Research Method ◽  
New World ◽  
Seventh Day Adventist ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Secondary Resources ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Ten Commandments ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Temple

Introduction: Seventh-day Adventist Church (SDA) emerged as a denomination in the nineteenth century amid Sunday’s observance domination. The majority of the SDA pioneers are Sunday keepers. The seventh-day Sabbath was first brought to the Millerite Adventists by Rachel Oakes. She is a member of the Seventh-day Baptist who joined the Millerite Adventists. The first time the seventh-day Sabbath was introduced in Millerite Adventists, there was upheaval and conflict. But finally, a group of Sabbatarian Adventists was formed which kept the seventh-day Sabbath. This group finally became SDA Church. The purpose of this work is to find out what were the reasons for the Adventists pioneers to accept the Sabbath.    Result: This paper argued that there were four reasons why Sabbatarian Adventists received the seventh-day Sabbath. First, the Sabbatarian Adventists kept the seventh-day Sabbath because of their investigation of the Bible, which led them to abandon Sunday observance and accepted the Sabbath. Second, one of the co-founders of the SDA, Ellen G. White, confirmed that the Sabbath is related to the temple in heaven, because the Ten Commandments, including the fourth commandment, still remains there and never been eliminated. Third, the pioneers of the SDA also found that there was a connection between the Sabbath and the three angels’ messages, in which the issue will be the worship of God and its closely related to the seventh-day Sabbath. Fourth, they saw that Sabbath was related to eschatology. In this understanding, they understood that Sabbath would still be observed in the new world.    Method: This paper is a historical approach using documentary research method. For each reasons, researcher utilizes primary resources. Secondary resources are employed only to see current opinions about the issue.

Darwinian Evolutionary Theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ruse
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Origin Of Species ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Descent Of Man

Charles Robert Darwin, the English naturalist, published On the Origin of Species in 1859 and the follow-up work The Descent of Man in 1871. In these works, he argued for his theory of evolution through natural selection, applying it to all organisms, living and dead, including our own species, Homo sapiens. Although controversial from the start, Darwin’s thinking was deeply embedded in the culture of his day, that of a middle-class Englishman. Evolution as such was an immediate success in scientific circles, but although the mechanism of selection had supporters in the scientific community (especially among those working with fast-breeding organisms), its real success was in the popular domain. Natural selection, and particularly the side mechanism of sexual selection, were known to all and popular themes in fiction and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Information about Human Evolution: An Analysis of News Published in Communication Media in Spanish between 2015 and 2017

Publications ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Jon Ander Garibi ◽  
Alvaro Antón ◽  
José Domingo Villarroel
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Scientific Journalism

The present study examines a sample of 220 pieces of news related to human evolution, written in Spanish and published over a period of two years, both in digital and print media. The aim of this study is to assess the rigor and coherence of the information in the news in our sample with scientific knowledge on the theory of evolution. To this end, errors and the incorrect use of concepts related to biological evolution are identified, classified according to criteria resulting from the review of previous studies, and finally, the frequency of errors identified in news published in print media is compared with that identified in digital media. The results presented allow us to highlight the significantly high frequency of errors in the news analyzed and the most frequent error categories. Results are discussed within the frame of the important role that scientific journalism plays in the processes of knowledge dissemination, in this case, related to human evolution.

Missing Links in the History of Life

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 97-118
Author(s):  
Charles R. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Species

Ever since Darwin proposed his theory of evolution (or more correctly, theories; see Mayr, 1991) it has been assumed that intermediates now extinct once existed between living species. For some, the hunt for these so-called missing links in the fossil record became an obsession, a search for evidence thought needed to establish the veracity of evolutionary theory. Few modern paleontologists, however, search explicitly for ancestors in the fossil record because we now know that fossils can be used to chart the order of evolution regardless of whether they are directly ancestral either to extinct organisms or to those living today.

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