scholarly journals Invarianza multicultural y validación del índice de fortaleza mental en deportistas norteamericanos y mexicanos (Multicultural Invariance and Validation of the Mental Toughness Index in North American and Mexican Athletes)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 643-650
Author(s):  
Andreas Stamatis ◽  
Grant B. Morgan ◽  
Pedro Julián Flores ◽  
Lenin Tlamatini Barajas Pineda ◽  
Adriana Isabel Andrade Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Toughness Index ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Multiple Groups ◽  
Invariance Test ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Invariance Model

 La fortaleza mental (MT) es un tema ampliamente indagado y relacionado con profesiones, personalidades y la actividad deportiva. El trabajo del psicólogo del deporte es apoyar en el manejo de emociones, el afrontamiento a estresores y establecimiento de metas, haciendo uso de las características multiculturales de los deportistas. Se examinó la invariancia de MT entre atletas estadounidenses y mexicanos a través de la prueba de invarianza, mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio de grupos múltiples con modelos cada vez más restrictivos. El ajuste de los datos del modelo en ambas muestras fue satisfactorio (CFI mexicano = .988, RMSEA mexicano = .085; CFI US = .998, RMSEA US = .032). El modelo de invariancia escalar se seleccionó como el mejor ajuste (escalar CFI = .981, escalar RMSEA = .077). Los resultados implican que el significado del constructo es igual en ambas culturas y sus puntajes pueden compararse directamente.  Abstract. Mental toughness (TM) is a widely investigated topic related to professions, personalities and sports activity. The work of the sports psychologist is to support the management of emotions, coping with factors and setting goals, making use of the multicultural characteristics of athletes. The invariance of TM was examined between American and Mexican athletes through the invariance test. It was performed by confirmatory factor analysis of multiple groups with increasingly restrictive models. The fit of the model data in both samples was very good (Mexican CFI = .988, Mexican RMSEA = .085; US CFI = .998, US RMSEA = .032). The scalar invariance model was selected as the best fit (CFI scalar = .981, RMSEA scalar = .077). The results imply that the meaning of the construct is the same in both cultures and its scores can be directly compared.

scholarly journals A self-report measure of perfectionism: A confirmatory factor analysis of the Swedish version of the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Parks ◽  
Jakob Clason van de Leur ◽  
Marcus Strååt ◽  
Fredrik Elfving ◽  
Gerhard Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Structural Validity ◽  
Swedish Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Report Measure

Background Perfectionism is often defined as the strive for achievement and high standards, but can also lead to negative consequences. In addition to affecting performance and interpersonal relationships, perfectionism can result in mental distress. A number of different self-report measures have been put forward to assess perfectionism. Specifically intended for clinical practice and research, the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ) was developed and is presently available in English and Persian. To promote its use in additional contexts, the current study has translated and investigated the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the CPQ. Method A Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed to examine the best fit with data, using a priori-models and a sample of treatment-seeking participants screened for eligibility to receive Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (n = 223). Results The results indicated a lack of fit with data. A two-factor structure without the two reversed items (2 and 8) exhibited the best fit, perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns, but still had poor structural validity. Correlations with self-report measures of perfectionism, depression, anxiety, dysfunctional beliefs, self-criticism, quality of life, and self-compassion were all in the expected directions. Eight-week test-retest correlation was Pearson r = .62, 95% Confidence Interval [.45, .74], using data from 72 participants in the wait-list control, and the internal consistency for the CPQ, once removing the reversely scored items, was Cronbach’s α = .72. Conclusion The CPQ can be used as a self-report measure in Swedish, but further research on its structural validity is needed.

The Structure of Violent Behavior

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Michie ◽  
David J. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Violent Acts ◽  
Weapon Use ◽  
Best Fit

Common difficulties in measures of violent behavior are their multidimensional nature, the nonempirical ordering of violent acts, the inclusion of undiscriminating items, and differential precision of measurement across the range of seriousness. Data collected on a sample of 250 male Scottish prisoners, using the MacArthur Community Violence Screening Instrument, are examined using confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory (IRT) analysis. A hierarchical model with a coherent superordinate factor overarching two lower order factors—violence based on weapon use and violence without weapon use—provide the best fit to the data. The ordering of the items on the scale does not conform to the order indicated by IRT analysis. Items vary considerably in the amount of information they provide, with the precision of measurement of the total scale being poor at high levels of the scale. Ways of improving the measurement of violence are discussed.

scholarly journals Morningness in German and Spanish students: a comparative study

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Randler ◽  
Juan Francisco Díaz‐Morales
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Factorial Invariance ◽  
Composite Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Structural Invariance ◽  
Multiple Groups ◽  
Three Factor

Humans show pronounced individual differences in circadian orientation. Transcultural comparisons are interesting since biological (or environmental) factors together with cultural ones may contribute to differences in morningness–eveningness. We compared Spanish and German undergraduates using the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) to assess circadian preferences. Confirmatory and multiple groups confirmatory factor analysis were used to assess factor structure and structural invariance across countries. The results showed that a three‐factor model of morningness best characterises the CSM structure of both samples. Partial factorial invariance (factor loadings) across countries was demonstrated for the factors ‘morningness’ and ‘morning alertness’. Scores of both factors were higher in German students. Potential cultural and biological explanations for the differences are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Measurement Invariance pada Indonesian Tawadhu Scale (ITS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Yonathan Natanael ◽  
Mirna Devi ◽  
Yasril Ananta Burhanudin ◽  
Jamiludin Nur
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Instrument Testing ◽  
Multiple Groups ◽  
Interpersonal Dimension

The purpose of this study to develop a new instrument of tawadhu that valid, unbiased, and can be used in Indonesia. The research method uses combination similarization in Islamic Psychological studies and psychological construction scale. The number of participants in this research is 613 Muslims with range 16 to 45 years old. Instrument consists of 7 items measuring intrapersonal dimension and 13 items measuring interpersonal dimension. Methods that used measuring instrument testing are Aiken validity and Multiple Groups Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) with a multidimensional model. The results of Aiken analysis show that all items are valid measuring tawadhu. Also, MGCFA shows that Indonesian Tawadhu Scale is an unbias scale. This instrument can be used by Muslims in Indonesia as it integrates the concept of Psychology and Islam.

scholarly journals The Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ): A psychometric evaluation of the Turkish version

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Okan Miçooğulları
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fit Index

The objective of this study was to adapt the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) for use in Turkey, and to test its reliability and validity. With a sample of 184 males (mean ± s: age 24.22 ± 3.01 years) and 153 females (mean ± s: age 21.54 ± 3.82 years) total 337 athletes (mean ± s: age 21.76 ± 4.2 years) drawn from 20 sport classifications, confirmatory factor analysis technique to evaluate the psychometric properties of the SMTQ. Athletes completed 14 item SMTQ was applied to all volunteered participants. Afterwards Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted by Analysis Moments of Structures 18. Comparative fit index, non-normed fit index and root mean square error of approximation were used to check if the model fit the data. Chi-square/degrees of freedom ratio was found as (χ2/df) 1.46. The other parameters were determined as RMSEA= .74, NNFI= .90, and CFI= .90. The confirmatory factor analysis results supported the three-factor structure and indicated proper models should include correlations among the three factors. Internal consistency estimates ranged from .69 to .78 and were consistent with values reported by previous studies. Based on these findings, “Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire” was found to be a valid and reliable instrument.

I will do it tomorrow! Exploring the dimensionality of procrastination in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta M Przepiorka ◽  
Agata Blachnio ◽  
Juan F Díaz-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
International Debate ◽  
Total Correlation ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Decisional Procrastination ◽  
Best Fit

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the widely used general procrastination, decisional procrastination, and adult inventory of procrastination scales in both undergraduate and adult Polish populations. Polish versions of these scales were filled out by 390 student and 513 adult participants. Principal component analysis indicated one-factor structure for each scale. The pattern of loadings was congruent between student and adult samples. The item-total correlation coefficients were adequate in each sample, with higher Cronbach's alpha values in adults compared to students, who reported higher procrastination scores in general procrastination and decisional procrastination scales. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the unidimensional model emerged as the best fit when the three scales were considered together. The results of the study suggest that Polish versions of the three procrastination scales are effective and reliable and contribute to the international debate about the dimensionality of procrastination.

scholarly journals The Development and Validation of a Mental Toughness Scale for Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah McGeown ◽  
Helen St. Clair-Thompson ◽  
David W. Putwain
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
And Control

The present study examined the validity of a newly developed instrument, the Mental Toughness Scale for Adolescents, which examines the attributes of challenge, commitment, confidence (abilities and interpersonal), and control (life and emotion). The six-factor model was supported using exploratory factor analysis ( n = 373) and confirmatory factor analysis ( n = 372). In addition, the mental toughness attributes correlated with adolescents’ academic motivation and engagement ( n = 439), well-being (depression and anxiety; n = 279), and test anxiety ( n = 279), indicating relations with a number of affective, cognitive, and behavioral dispositions, and demonstrating relevance in education and potentially mental health contexts.

The Factor Structure of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Population

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Skilbeck ◽  
Kieran Holm ◽  
Mark Slatyer ◽  
Matthew Thomas ◽  
Tony Bell
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Best Fit

Abstractrimary Objectives:To examine the HADS structure in TBI, using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and investigate the effects of TBI severity, Gender, and Age on factor scores.Methods and Procedures:HADS data from 186 TBI patients in a population study in Tasmania were subjected to EFA. HADS data from a second sample of 185 TBI participants in the same study underwent CFA. One-month follow-up data were used, allowing inclusion of severe TBI patients while still being early post-injury. Factor loadings were used to investigate the effects of demographic and clinical variables at 2 weeks post-injury.Results:While EFA suggested 2-factor (anxiety, depression) and 3-factor (anxiety, psychomotor, depression) structures provided adequate descriptions, CFA strongly supported the 3-factor model. Using this model, significant effects of TBI severity were noted on Psychomotor and Depression scores at 2 weeks post-injury. Males reported significantly fewer symptoms on all 3 factors, as did younger participants.Conclusions:CFA indicates that a 3-factor model provides the best fit for HADS data in TBI. One factor, Psychomotor, has been relatively neglected in the literature, and the current findings suggest its assessment and rehabilitation should receive more attention.

scholarly journals Testing the Mental Toughness Model in the Setting of Chinese Martial Arts

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Veronika PARTIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Mental Skills ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Mental Skills Training ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

BACKGROUND: Aim of this paper is to test the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) in the setting of Chinese martial arts. The target population is adult European practitioners of modern and traditional wushu. Mental toughness is an established concept of being able to perform under pressure while remaining positive and perseverant. However, it has not yet been tested on this population. It is argued that Chinese martial arts can generate unique types of pressure situations, such as dealing with pain, body to body contact, fear of sparring, and a lack of designated levels of achievement, such as a belt ranking system.  METHODS: 277 respondents (85 female) were sampled from 28 countries. The exploratory factor analysis was conducted in SPSS, and internal consistency was calculated. Confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS was used to evaluate the model fit. RESULTS: The EFA resulted in losing four items, with two items switching places on the components. The model reached a good fit of x 2/df = 1.307, IFI = .965, CFI = .963 and RMSEA = .047. CONCLUSIONS: This paper provided the validation of the SMTQ scale for a Chinese martial arts setting. Researching mental skills in the specific environment of Chinese martial arts may be a fruitful direction for further research, especially when developing a mental skills training program for this population. The modified model resulting from this study is the first step in this respect. Moreover, it confirms the recently discussed multidimensionality of the mental toughness model.

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