scholarly journals A Community based Study of Anaemia Burden using Hemocue 201 in Eastern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Vikas Bhatia ◽  
Swayam Pragyan Parida ◽  
Preetam B Mahajan ◽  
Durgesh Prasad Sahoo ◽  
Sourav Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Iron Folic Acid

Background: India is facing a serious burden of anemia where majority of the women (51%) of reproductive age suffer from anemia. Though there are many programs being run for decades to fight anaemia, it still persist to be a major health challenge in Odisha where around half of the women and children are anemic (children age 6-59 months; 44.6%, pregnant women of age 15-49; 47.6%, all women of age 15-49 years; 51.0%). Objectives: AIIMS Bhubaneswar, in partnership with Govt. of Odisha and UNICEF aimed to assess the burden of anaemia in the state. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 3974 beneficiaries between March to July 2016. Hemoglobin estimation was done using Hemocue 201. Results:  Prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anemia was observed to be 39-58%, 7-20% and 1-3%, respectively in 4 districts. Coverage of iron folic acid tablets amongst adolescent girls, adolescent boys, pregnant women, lactating mothers, and women of reproductive age groups were 38%, 16%, 73%, 46%, 11% respectively. Conclusion: The study has shown that prevalence of severe and moderate anaemia has decreased to a greater extent, however the prevalence of mild anaemia is still very high.

scholarly journals Study on factors affecting fertility of Bangladeshi women

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Monowar Ahmad Tarafdar ◽  
Nadia Begum ◽  
Shila Rani Das ◽  
Sultana Begum ◽  
Mehruba Afrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Factors Affecting

This is a cross sectional study conducted among Currently Married Women of Reproductive Age (CMWRA) with a sample size of 476 selected purposively using a semi-structured questionnaire in 2018 at Moulvibazar Sadar to explore the factors affecting fertility. The result shows that 55.26% respondents were within 35 years age whereas only 4.28% from age group 46-49 years age group, 33% of the respondents got married at <16 years of age and 18.70% were illiterate, 47.90% had primary education. It is evident that 76% of the respondents were from rural area; 88% were Muslims, 29.41% from lower middle class followed by upper middle class (25.42%) and poorest comprised only 7.56%. The result explored that 73.91% of the respondents were from age group 41-45 got married before 16 years of age followed by 36-40 years (68.24%), 46-49 years (66%), 20-25 and 26-30 years age groups 52.38% and 52.75% respectively; 73.33% of respondents from rural area got married at <16 years of age, 68.42% of the Muslim at <16 years. The study explored that 96.39% from poorer section and 83.33% from poorest section got married at <16 years of age. Current study revealed that 82.91% of the respondents having secondary education got married before 16 years of age followed by illiterate (82.02%). It is explored that the age at marriage is statistically associated with residence, education, wealth index and religion (p= 0.001, 0.03, 0.001, 0.001 respectively). We conclude that the sociodemographic condition contributes mostly to fertility differentials in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anaemia in pregnant and lactating women in rural Vijayapur

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Santosh D. Patil ◽  
Ravindranath A. Bhovi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Haemoglobin Content

Background: Nutritional anaemia is defined as a condition in which the haemoglobin content of the blood is lower than normal as a result of deficiency of one or more essential nutrients. Anaemia is the late manifestation of deficiency of nutrient(s) needed for haemoglobin synthesis. The prevalence of anaemia in developing countries is estimated to be 43% and that of developed countries is 9%. Anaemia is estimated to contribute to more than 115000 maternal deaths and 591000 prenatal deaths globally per year. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of anaemia among the pregnant women and lactating mothers and to explore the associated factors with anaemia.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant and lactating women in Ukkali a rural field practice area Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapur. Criteria for inclusion were pregnant women- current pregnancy of more than 6 months and lactating mother with child aged up to 6 months of age. Estimation of haemoglobin was carried by standard Sahlis pipette method. Anaemia was classified according to WHO grading criteria.Results: The maximum number of pregnant women (85.71%) in the age group of 35-49 years was anaemic followed by those who were in the age group of 20-34 years (61.54%). Prevalence of anaemia was 72 % in women of less than 20 years, whereas it was as high as 80% among lactating women of 35-49 years age group.Conclusions: Anaemia continues to be a problem with the existing health care resources. Socio-economic status, literacy of women and awareness related to health concerns are the major determinants that contribute to the problem of anaemia.

Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Methods Use in Piple, Chitwan of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Rajani Shah ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Malla
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Living Children

 Background: Family planning contributes in preventing maternal and child mortality and empowers women. For the past ten years contraceptive prevalence rate has remained stagnant in Nepal. This study aimed at iden­tifying the use and factors associated with modern contraceptive methods in Piple, Chitwan, Nepal. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Piple village development com­mittee was selected purposively, in which two wards were randomly se­lected. Married women of reproductive age (n=332) of each household were interviewed. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results: About half (49%) of the respondents had used a modern contra­ceptive method. Women in the age groups 25-39 years [aOR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.16 - 4.92] and 40-49 years [aOR: 4.67; 95% CI: 1.71 - 12.70] were more likely to use modern contraceptives compared to the women in the age group 15-24 years. Similarly, women having 3 or more living children [aOR: 2.98; 95% CI: 1.19 - 7.50] were more likely to use the modern contracep­tives than women with upto two children. Women whose husbands would approve of using the contraceptives [aOR: 11.33; 95% CI: 3.93-32.62] were more likely to use the methods than those who got or perceived no ap­proval from husband. Conclusions: Information and service on modern contraceptive methods should be focused to younger women. Involvement of husbands in family planning program would contribute to use of modern contraceptives by women.

Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendran Gayathri ◽  
Sakthivel Manikandanesan ◽  
Jayaseelan Venkatachalam ◽  
Sarveswaran Gokul ◽  
Arivarasan Yashodha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Medication Compliance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Anaemia is a global health problem and an important cause of morbidity in all age groups, especially among women and children. Various programmes have been implemented to combat anaemia in India and National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI) is the latest programme to be implemented. Aim To ascertain the proportion of reproductive age women receiving iron supplementation under the NIPI and assess the compliance and factors hindering the implementation and compliance of the programme. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) during November 2017. The participants were interviewed at their household using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to obtain information on socio-demographic details, whether they were receiving iron supplements and compliance to the programme. Results Out of 302 study participants, only 138 (45.7%) were found to be receiving the supplements under the NIPI. The major source of iron supplementation was various health facilities (69.4%). Of those not receiving the tablets, 96.3% were non-pregnant non-lactating women. The proportion of study participants receiving iron supplementation through house visits by auxiliary nurse mid-wives (ANMs) was only 1.45%. Of the 138 women receiving supplementation, 85 (61%) were compliant with their medication. Compliance also tended to be higher among pregnant and lactating women. The most important reasons for non-compliance were adverse effects and forgetfulness. The presence of regular house visits by ANMs had a significant association with reception of tablets [prevalence ratio (PR)–1.43]. Pregnant women had a significant association with both reception (PR–2.19) and compliance (PR–1.8) with iron supplementation. Conclusion The current NIPI programme needs to be regularly evaluated to ensure its effective implementation. Importance should be given to non-pregnant non-lactating women to increase coverage among them.

scholarly journals Passive Surveillance of Malaria in Pregnant Women, Non-pregnant Women and Children Under 5 Years of Age in Bannu District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humera Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Imran Khan ◽  
Akhlaq Ahmad ◽  
Usman Ayub Awan ◽  
Aamer Ali Khattak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Surveillance ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Children Under 5

Background: Malaria among pregnant women is one of the major causes of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, especially in high-risk areas. Therefore, our study identified the burden of malaria for pregnant women, non-pregnant women, and children under 5 years of age, and malaria service health facilities in Bannu district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. In this survey, 15,650 individuals were surveyed, and 1,283 were malaria-positive detected. The data were collected from 80 different healthcare centers. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. ArcGIS version 10.8 was used for study area mapping.Results: Malaria was detected in 23.3% of children under five, 4.4% of pregnant women, and 72.3% of non-pregnant women, respectively. Moreover, P. falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection had a prevalence of 2.1, 96.8, and 1.1%. The most often used and effective medications to treat malaria were chloroquine (29.7%) and primaquine (69.4%).Conclusion: This study's findings depict that malaria's prevalence in the non-pregnant women's group was high. Additionally, P. vivax infection was found to be more prevalent than other types of malaria infection. Due to the scarcity of healthcare facilities in this endemic region, special attention should be directed to strengthening the malaria surveillance and eradication programs.

scholarly journals Barriers to utilization of anganwadi services by pregnant women and lactating mothers: a hospital based cross sectional study in rural South Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Jessy Jose ◽  
Avita Rose Johnson ◽  
Anupa Thomas ◽  
Delfi Mendez ◽  
Cristeena Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Birth Preparedness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Supplementary Nutrition

Background: Antenatal care and supplementary nutrition are evidence-based strategies to improve neonatal outcomes and birth weight, and are currently provided free of cost by the government in every village through the ICDS. This study aims to assess the utilization of Anganwadi services by pregnant and lactating mothers in a rural area and the various barriers to utilization of Anganwadi services.Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women (more than 28 weeks gestation) and lactating mothers (up to 6 months after delivery) availing maternal and child health services at a maternity hospital in a rural area of Ramnagara district in South Karnataka, using a pre-tested questionnaire.Results: Awareness regarding Anganwadi services available for pregnant and lactating mothers like IFA, calcium and deworming tablets, TT and health check-ups was found to be poor. While more than half of the women had received health education from Anganwadi teacher, important topics like dangers signs, birth preparedness and essential antenatal care were not discussed.Conclusions: Utilization of health care services at the Anganwadi was poor among the subjects. Supplementary nutrition was not utilized by 54% of pregnant women and 43% of lactating mothers. Those who had been visited by Anganwadi teacher at home and those who received nutrition education by the Anganwadi teacher had significantly higher consumption of supplementary nutrition. The common barriers to utilization were lack of awareness of services and perception of poor quality and hygiene of the supplementary nutrition.

scholarly journals Kecacingan, malaria, dan status besi ibu hamil di Kabupaten Batang Hari Provinsi Jambi

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Helfiyan Helfiyan ◽  
Hamam Hadi ◽  
Siti Helmyati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Necator Americanus ◽  
Before And After

Background: Anemia among pregnant women may increase abortion, premature, low birth weight and even mortality before and after delivery. Factors causing anemia in Indonesia are lack of Fe, inadequate intake, demanding needs, and lack of nutrient facilitating Fe absorption. Besides, infection such as worm and malaria may cause anemia as well. Result of household health survey 2001 stated that prevalence of pregnant women with anemia was 40% in Indonesia. In Jambi Province, it was 39% in 2003 and 42.3% for Batang Hari Regency while infection of malaria was 50.0% in all age groups and many other districts that its environment were woods, humid, and wasted that may increase infection of hookworm.Objective: The study was proposed to know the correlation of hookworm, malaria with anemia among pregnant women by analyzing correlation of hookworm, malaria, and anemia and correlation of hookworm, malaria and Fe status among pregnant women.Method: This was cross sectional study. It held from September until December 2005 in Batang Hari Regency, Jambi Province. Subjects were 132 pregnant women. Examination of blood for Hb, malaria and ferritin were taken together while feces were later.Results: There were no significant correlation of Ascaris lumbricoides infection with anemia (p = 0.36; OR = 2.43), Trichiuris thrichiura infection with anemia (p = 0.30), 2 kinds of worm Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichiuris trichiura with anemia (p = 0.08; OR = 4.87), and infection of Ascaris lumbricoides + Necator americanus with anemia (p = 0.30). There was significant correlation of 3 kinds of worm Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichiuris trichiura + Necator americanus with anemia (p = 0.018; OR = 7.3). There were no significant correlation of Ascaris lumbricoides with ferritin (p = 0.17; OR = 3.23) and Trichiuris trichiura with ferritin (p = 0.25). There was significant correlation of 2 kinds of worm Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichiuris trichiura with ferritin (p = 0.04; OR = 6.4). There was no significant correlation of Ascaris lumbricoides + Necator americanus with ferritin p = 0.25. There were significant correlation of 3 kinds of worm (Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichiuris trichiura + Necator americanus) with ferritin p = 0.007; OR = 9.69 and ferritin with anemia p = 0.0001; OR = 17.45.Conclusion: There was no significant correlation of hookworms Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichiuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichius trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides + Necator americanus with anemia. There were significant correlation of infection of Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichiuris trichiura + Necator americanus with anemia and malaria with anemia. There was no correlation of hookworms Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichiuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides + Neca- tor americanus with anemia. There were correlation of infection Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichiuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides + Trichiuris trichiuris + Necator americanus with ferritin, malaria with ferritin, and ferritin with anemia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia among the Reproductive Age Group Women Attending the Unani Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazharul Islam ◽  
Atiya Khan ◽  
Arish Mohammad Khan Sherwani
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Introduction: Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) is the most widespread micronutrient deficiency. Globally, nearly two billion people are affected by anaemia. This disease most often affects children, women of child-bearing age, and pregnant women. Nearly half of the pregnant women in the world are estimated to be anaemic. Its prevalence varies according to region and socio-economic conditions. The majority of those who are anaemic live in developing countries where the problem is exacerbated by limited access to inadequate resources and appropriate treatment. Aim: To find out the prevalence of IDA in the reproductive age group women and its associated factors. Materials and Methods: This hospital based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 females, of age group 15-49 years. After obtaining the written informed consent, eligible subjects were inquired about socio-demographic variables, socio-economic status, anthropometric measurements and risk factors. Required investigations were done. All the information was recorded on the semi-structured schedule form. Chi-square/Fisher’s-exact test was used to find the significance of study parameters on categorical scale between two or more groups. Results: Prevalence of IDA was found to be 42% (168/400). Prevalence of IDA was significant with habitat (p=0.0180), exercise (p=0.0004), amount of blood loss during menstruation (p<0.0001), duration of flow during menstruation, (p=0.0020), consumption of fish (p=0.0002), consumption of legumes (p=0.002), consumption of green leafy vegetable (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Results confirmed an increased prevalence of IDA in women of reproductive age group.

scholarly journals Self-medication among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Tertiary Care Center of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Sah ◽  
Anish Giri ◽  
Anjan Palikhey ◽  
Roshan Kumar Chaurasiya ◽  
Sudeep Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and Objectives: Self-medication can cause significant challenges for the individuals and community, especially in women during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of self-medication among the pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a tertiary care center of Nepal. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 225 pregnant women were evaluated for the prevalence of self-medication during pregnancy. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis of data. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of self-medication, in pregnant women was 41.3%. The leading illness/ symptoms which led to self-medication among pregnant women attending clinic were to relieve headaches 29 (31.2%), cough 21 (22.6%), vomiting 13 (14%), treat fever 11 (11.8%), urinary tract infections 11 (11.8%) and drugs commonly reported for self-medication were paracetamol (30.10%), cough remedies (19.30%), antiemetics (16.13%), analgesics (10.75%). Conclusion: Prevalence of self-medication among pregnant women is high in Nepal. This is a threat to the safety of the developing foetus and the pregnant woman. Therefore, it seems necessary to provide public trainings for all women of reproductive age and train them about the dangers and side effects of self-medication.

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