scholarly journals Natural-geographic factor in the historical process of the Adyghs

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
R.V. Chuntyzheva
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Geographical Factor ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
A Value ◽  
Geographic Factor ◽  
Semantic Dimension

The desire to have a better grip of the history and to interpret the causes and nature of certain social phenomena is characteristic of humanity at all stages of development. Expansion of cognitive capabilities of historical research, the creation of new units in the mental lexicon allow us to increase the range of vision of history, to give the understanding of the past a holistic, more capacious understanding. Translation of history in the context of many sciences creates resources for the emergence of generally accepted attitudes into a different semantic dimension, filling them with more weighty argumentation. In the modern scientific space historical geography appears to be a promising territory, given a certain conditionality of the development of society at all stages of the existence influenced by the natural-geographical factor. In the early stages of human development the existence of people depended on the characteristics of nature to a much greater extent than today. Nevertheless, modern civilization, despite the scientific progress, has not managed to distance itself from the influence of nature and is still interconnected with it by many threads. This general situation is fully true for the Circassians, the borders of the territory, which were deliberately created by nature itself for the conservation of the population within its natural limits. In this regard, the subject of the research is the problem of the influence of the natural-geographical factor on the historical process of the Circassians. The object of the research is the peculiarities of the geography of the region, reflecting the degree of the role of the natural environment in the formation of the Adygh ethnos. The aim of the research is to analyze the nature of the interaction and conditionality of the Adygeyan history by the natural environment, rightfully recognized as one of the most ancient and unique cradles of the landscape map of our country. To achieve this goal tasks were set related to the analysis of the content, orientation and mediation of the progressive development of the Circassians by the peculiarities of the natural environment. In this research the understanding of the sought problem is based on the ideas of major philosophers, historians, sociologists, and cultural scientists. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity, which allows us to see new facets in understanding many phenomena of the Adyghe history, to give them a value characteristic.

scholarly journals Effacing the Dilemma of the Rumouring Subject: A Value-oriented Approach towards Studying Misinformation on Social Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Aricat
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
A Value ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Oriented Approach ◽  
True False

Rumour has been part of collective human life for centuries. Communities deal with anxiety and make sense of the unknowable by mixing apprehensions with what is already known to them. With modernity, and in line with studies on a range of social phenomena, there have been efforts to develop a science on rumour. Most of these studies deal with rumour at the propositional level, such that the rumouring or rumour-rebutting subject invariably belongs to one of the two sides of the ‘true–false’ divide. Similar categories are followed in the study of rumour in social media, where the nodes in a rumour chain are, however, less hierarchical, and where images are increasingly used for persuasion. This paper, following a value-oriented approach, argues that the science on rumour has objectivized the problem, and has suggested instrumental solutions like enhancing the digital literacy of social media users. Whereas a value position should ideally attempt to efface the dilemma of the rumouring/rumour-rebutting subject, and locate rumours within the larger socio-political and historical context of a society.

scholarly journals Law myth as a value basis of the law reality of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Andrey Skorobogatov ◽  
Alexandr Krasnov
Keyword(s):  
Constructivist Approach ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Stable Law ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Politics And Law

The purpose of this article is an axiological research of the role of the law myth in the construction and functioning of the law reality of Russia. The methodological basis of the research is a postclassical paradigm, which focused on an interdisciplinary philosophical and law research of law phenomena in a broad historical and sociocultural context, and the corresponding socio-constructivist approach, which involving the research of law reality as a result of human subjective and intersubjective creative activity. One of the areas of human activity is the law myth, which plays a large role in the creation and functioning of law reality. Results: Axiological research of law myths allows to identify their theoretical and practical potential in the law life of a person and law reality. Each epoch has its own authoritarian and stable law myths, which are designed to create a certain image of law reality, which correlates with the value expectations of subjects of law consciousness and law culture. The law myth always has its core law value. The law myth appears as an internally-ordered imperative statement, which is aimed at the formation of a certain element of the image of law reality. Through law mythology, there is a legitimization of the processes taking place in society, primarily in the most normative spheres of society in politics and law. There is an attribution one or another meaning to social phenomena. Thus, law myths penetrate to legislation, acquiring the role of an ideological source of law. Identification of the myth by the law conscience turns it into a definite matrix, which serves as a standard for assessing the relevant law behavior. The law myth has a dichotomous nature. On the one hand, it is intended to interpret law reality. On the other hand, myths construct reality not only mentally, but also verbally.

The Pilot Land Reform Program and Land Reform in Pilot Villages: A Study of Pilot Land Reform and Party Consolidation in Lucheng, Shanxi

Rural China ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-37
Author(s):  
Weiqiang Ma ◽  
Hongqin Deng ◽  
Lichao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Northern China ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Pilot Program ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Reform Program ◽  
Pilot Programs

William Hinton’s widely influential Fanshen is notable for its nuanced description of the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) consolidation and land reform in Long Bow village (Hinton’s pseudonym for Zhangzhuang 张庄). But how representative was Long Bow? What was the situation in other villages? Did Hinton accurately describe what really happened in the party consolidation and land reform? Or did he miss important points? Scholars have either considered the situation in Long Bow as representative of the general situation of party consolidation and land reform in northern China or else have left these questions open, and thus have failed to distinguish between pilot programs of party consolidation and the overall consolidation of the party. Based on documents from the Communist Party Committee of Lucheng county and pilot villages including Long Bow, this article seeks to clarify the sequence of events surrounding party consolidation and land reform in Long Bow and its role in the pilot program of land reform and party consolidation in Lucheng county by setting Long Bow in the context of the larger administrative region of which it was part and reviewing the historical process of the land reform and party consolidation pilot program. In this way, this article reveals the historical significance of land reform and party consolidation for rural political change and democratic development.

scholarly journals Progress and Directionality in Science, the Humanities, Society and Evolution

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-50
Author(s):  
Robin Attfield
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Epistemology ◽  
Natural Evolution ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
A Value ◽  
Organic World ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Nature And Society

This essay discusses progress and directionality, both in nature, in science and in society, treating as its starting-point the reflections, parallelisms and comparisons of Ruse’s essay, ‘A Threefold Parallelism for Our Time? Progressive Development in Society, Science and the Organic World’, but reaching substantially different conclusions. The essay thus ranges over progress and directionality in the world of natural evolution, in the sciences and the humanities, and in history and society. It defends non-relative progress in science and the humanities, criticising here both the approach to these disciplines of the strongly evolutionary epistemology of Hull and the more moderate evolutionary epistemology of Ruse. It further defends the possibility of progress and directionality in history and society, and also, following Rolston, in the course of evolution within the world of nature, where the kind of directionality to be found has multiple directions rather than being unilinear. Subsequently it relates conclusions about these fields to theological reflections (characteristic of Judaism, Christianity and Islam) about the creation of nature and society by a value-loving intelligence.

scholarly journals Nieformalna edukacja środowiskowa na przykładzie regionalnej prasy w województwie lubelskim

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-414
Author(s):  
Renata Stoczkowska ◽  
Maria Obrębska ◽  
Ryszard Kowalski ◽  
Magdalena Maluchnik-Pucek
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Daily Press ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Press ◽  
A Priority

The press fulfills an important role if it comes to culture, it also influences public opinion, therefore, it can be an important tool in forming the view of society according to the problems of degradation and protection of the natural environment, the aim of this article is to estimate engagement of the regional press on the example of lubelskie province, the hypothesis is that the regional daily press in lubelskie province leads informal environmental education, however, they do not use their potential and means in order to form pro-ecological attitudes and opinions among its readers, the results of the research have shown that the number of articles about nature has systematically increased comparing to other thematic ranges, which is a very positive fact. However, the texts which are sensational and do not touch the problem still prevail in the press, there are not enough articles that present the natural environment as a value that should be protected because of economic, spiritual, healthy, and esthetic reasons. Taking into account that the problems connected with degradation and protection of nature ought to be treated as a priority, the local press should involve in environmental education much stronger, they can get through to the readers by interesting and convincing articles, and contribute to the improvement of the natural environment.

scholarly journals TERRITORIALIDADES E ESTRATÉGIAS DE SOBREVIVÊNCIA DE POPULAÇÕES AMAZÔNIDAS NO RIO ACARAQUI (ABAETETUBA-AMAZÔNIA-BRASIL)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 08
Author(s):  
Christian Nunes da Silva ◽  
Thiago Maciel Vilhena ◽  
João Marcio Palheta da Silva ◽  
Ricardo Ângelo Pereira de Lima ◽  
Hugo Pinon de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Participatory Mapping ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Escape Route ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Current Context

TERRITORIALITIES AND SURVIVAL STRATEGIES OF AMAZONIAN POPULATIONS ON THE ACARAQUI RIVER (ABAETETUBA-PARÁ-BRAZIL)TERRITORIALIDADES Y ESTRATEGIAS DE SUPERVIVENCIA DE POBLACIONES AMAZONAS EN EL RÍO ACARAQUI (ABAETETUBA-AMAZONIA-BRASIL)Os usos sustentáveis dos recursos naturais surgem como via escapatória para amenizar a depredação ambiental e contornar o problema da escassez destes recursos no contexto atual. Com isso, um conjunto de situações leva a sociedade a buscar alternativas relacionadas ao manejo sustentável destes recursos. É diante desta perspectiva que esta pesquisa norteia sua análise, buscando uma compreensão maior dos fenômenos sociais e de sua relação com o meio natural. A necessidade desta pesquisa está em proporcionar mais informações sobre a importância das atividades produtivas realizadas pelas populações amazônidas, buscando entender como essas populações se territorializam e se reproduzem por meio de estratégias de sobrevivência no seu território. Destinamos o estudo deste enfoque na comunidade de Acaraqui, localizada às margens do rio de mesmo nome, no município de Abaetetuba, estado do Pará. A análise tende a dar maior ênfase em quais são as atividades produtivas realizadas pelos moradores da localidade, realizando observações acerca das estratégias de sobrevivência usadas ao longo do ano, de forma a elaborar um mapeamento participativo dos territórios de (con)vivência dos moradores.Palavras-chave: Estratégias de Sobrevivência; Territorialidades; Amazônia; Rio Acaraqui.ABSTRACTThe sustainable uses of natural resources appear as an escape route to alleviate environmental depredation and to overcome the problem of the scarcity of these resources in the current context. With this, a set of situations lead society to seek alternatives related to the sustainable management of these resources. It is from this perspective that this research guides its analysis, seeking a greater understanding of social phenomena and their relationship with the natural environment. The need of this research is to provide more information about the importance of the productive activities carried out by the Amazonian populations, trying to understand how these populations are territorialized and reproduce themselves through survival strategies in their territory. We aim to study this approach in the community of Acaraqui, located on the banks of the river of the same name, in the municipality of Abaetetuba, state of Pará. The analysis tends to place greater emphasis on what are the productive activities carried out by local residents, making observations about the survival strategies used throughout the year in order to prepare a participatory mapping the territories of (co)existence of the residentes.Keywords: Survival Strategies; Territorialities; Amazon; Acaraqui River.RESUMENLos usos sostenibles de los recursos naturales surgen como vía escapatoria para amenizar la depredación ambiental y eludir el problema de la escasez de estos recursos en el contexto actual. Con ello, un conjunto de situaciones llevan a la sociedad a buscar alternativas relacionadas al manejo sustentable de estos recursos. Ante esta perspectiva es que esta investigación orienta su análisis, buscando una comprensión mayor de los fenómenos sociales y de su relación con el medio natural. La necesidad de esta investigación está en proporcionar más información sobre la importancia de las actividades productivas realizadas por las poblaciones amazónicas, buscando entender cómo esas ellas se territorializan y se reproducen por medio de estrategias de supervivencia en su territorio. El análisis tiende a dar mayor énfasis en cuáles son las actividades productivas realizadas por los pobladores de la localidad, realizando observaciones acerca de las actividades productivas realizadas por la gente de la localidad, de las estrategias de supervivencia usadas a lo largo del año, para elaborar un mapa participativo de los territorios de (con) vivencia de los habitantes.Palabras clave: Estrategias de Supervivencia; Territorialidades; Amazonia; RíoAcaraqui.

scholarly journals Evolução da exploração agrícola no Rio Grande do Sul

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Vera Maria Favila Miorin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Space Organization

The geographical studies of rural space in recent years are above all directed towards agrarian organization. The present work approaches the question of the process of accupation of the territory of Rio Grande do Sul trying to capture the dynamics of space organization through an analysis of the evolution of agriculture in the State. The relationships that results from the natural environment and from the historical process are understood as determinant elements of the structural and conjunctural transformations that were estabilished in recent years, separating the Old Rio Grande from the New Rio Grande.

Twenty years of environment and development economics: advice to graduate students

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-304
Author(s):  
Aart de Zeeuw
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Development Economics ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Environment And Development

My first advice to graduate students is always that they should follow their own motivation. That is, in my view, the key to success for the students and the main driver for scientific progress: only motivated researchers will make a difference, in academia and in society. But of course environment and development economics is a good choice: it is very relevant and intellectually challenging. Alleviating poverty and preserving a balance between the human sphere and the natural environment are the major issues of our world. The parts of the world that are still developing are also the parts of the world where important choices will be made on preserving this balance. This makes the field very relevant.

scholarly journals 21 Code of Federal Regulations Part 11–Compliant Digital Signature Solution for Cancer Clinical Trials: A Single-Institution Feasibility Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 854-864
Author(s):  
Therica M. Miller ◽  
Jenny Lester ◽  
Lorna Kwan ◽  
Megha D. Tandel ◽  
Beth Y. Karlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Digital Signatures ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Staff Time ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Time To Completion ◽  
A Value ◽  
Trial Efficiency

PURPOSE Inefficiencies in the clinical trial infrastructure result in protracted trial completion timelines, physician-investigator turnover, and a shrinking skilled labor force and present obstacles to research participation. Taken together, these barriers hinder scientific progress. Technological solutions to improve clinical trial efficiency have emerged, yet adoption remains slow because of concerns with cost, regulatory compliance, and implementation. METHODS A prospective pilot study that compared regulatory-compliant digital and traditional wet ink paper signatures was conducted over a 6.5-month period in a hospital-based health system. Staff time and effort, error rate, costs, and time to completion were measured. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare staff time and time to completion. A value analysis was conducted. A survey was administered to measure user satisfaction. RESULTS There where 96 participants (47 digital, 49 paper), 132 studies included (31 digital, 101 paper), and 265 documents processed (156 digital, 109 paper). A moderate reduction in staff time required to prepare documents for signature was observed ( P < .0001). Error rates were reported in 5.1% of digital and 2.8% of paper documents, but this difference was not significant. Discrepancies requiring revisions included incomplete mandatory fields, inaccurate information submitted, and technical issues. A value analysis demonstrated a 19% labor savings with the use of digital signatures. Survey response rate was 57.4% (n = 27). Most participants (85.2%) preferred digital signatures. The time to complete documents was faster with digital signatures compared with paper ( P = .0241). CONCLUSION The use of digital signatures resulted in a decrease in document completion time and regulatory burden as represented by staff hours. Additional cost and time savings and information liquidity could be realized by integrating digital signatures and electronic document management systems.

scholarly journals HENRIQUE KATZENBERG: INCIDENTES ENVOLVENDO UM IMIGRANTE ALEMÃO DURANTE O ESTADO NOVO * HENRIQUE KATZENBERG: INCIDENTS INVOLVING A GERMAN IMMIGRANT DURING THE “ESTADO NOVO”

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Fernanda Gälzer ◽  
Roswithia Weber
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
National Context ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
German Immigrants ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Subject ◽  
German Immigrant

Este artigo analisa a situação de um imigrante alemão, residente no município de São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, no contexto de nacionalização. Utiliza-se como objeto de pesquisa, correspondências recebidas pela prefeitura de São Leopoldo, no período de 1941 a 1943, relacionadas ao imigrante Henrique Katzenberg. As mesmas são analisadas tendo em vista o contexto local, nacional com base em autores que abordam o Estado Novo e a Campanha de Nacionalização. Analisar correspondências e relacioná-las com o período em que estão inseridas é uma forma de valorizar o sujeito no processo histórico. O estudo permite compreender a influência da Campanha de Nacionalização durante o Estado Novo, no cotidiano da população, de imigrantes e descendentes alemães, na localidade pesquisada.*This paper analyzes the situation of a German immigrant, resident in the municipality of São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, in the context of nationalization. We used as research object the correspondence received by the prefecture of São Leopoldo, from 1941 to 1943, related to the immigrant Henrique Katzenberg. These are analyzed in view of the local, national context based on authors who approached the New State (Estado Novo) and the Nationalization Campaign. Analyzing the correspondence and relating it to the period in which it is inserted is a way to put a value on the subject in the historical process. The study allows us to understand the influence of the Nationalization Campaign during the New State “Estado Novo”, in the daily life of the population, of German immigrants and descendants, in the researched locality.

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