JPMA-2019-06-735 Bioevaluation of agro-waste for postprandial glucose and insulin concentration in blood

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Huma Umbreen ◽  
Sadia Javed ◽  
Razia Noreen ◽  
Munazzah Meraj ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Human Study ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
White Flour ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fruit Processing ◽  
Mango Peels

Abstract Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of apple pomace and mango peels powder supplemented cookies on postprandial glucose and insulin concentration to promote nutraceutical snacks between the meals. Methods: This single subject experimental study was conducted during Feb-Aug 2018 at Nutrition Counseling Center, GCWUF. In this study different cookies with apple pomace and mango peels powder were prepared and the most nutritive acceptable cookies were further used to determine their postprandial effect on glucose and insulin concentrations against the control cookies in female subjects. Thirty females were selected through advertisement having age 25±10 years with normal BMI (19-24.9) while the subjects having obesity, diabetes, hypertension or allergic reaction to any of content were excluded from this study. A written informed consent was obtained from all subjects. The data obtained was analyzed statistically to know the significant difference between the means. Results: The results showed that cookies supplemented with up to 15% of either mango peels or apple pomace powders were acceptable, which were further used for bio-evaluation. The human study showed that overall blood glucose and insulin concentrations were significantly lower in the treatment group specially in group with mango peels enriched cookies (103.53±2.44 mg/dL; 130.48±12.52 mg/dL) as compared to control group receiving white flour based cookies (145.00±1.15 mg/dL; 186.47±26.47 mg/dL). Conclusion: On the basis of the study it can be concluded that fruit processing waste can be used as nutraceutical agent in diet based modules and thus promoting healthy snacking which maintains postprandial

scholarly journals Evidence for altered control of glucose disposal after total colectomy

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Denise Robertson ◽  
Geoff Livesey ◽  
Shelagh M. Hampton ◽  
John C. Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Insulin Concentration ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Steady State Kinetics

Colonic fermentation of organic matter to short-chain fatty acids has been implicated in the improvement in insulin sensitivity achieved by feeding diets rich in complex carbohydrates. The present study assessed the potential role of the colon in determining postprandial glucose kinetics. Metabolic responses to a complex-carbohydrate test meal were determined in conjunction with a primed continuous infusion of D-[6,6-2H]glucose in a group of ileostomists and sex-matched controls. Glucose disposal (GD) was computed using non-steady-state kinetics on a single compartment model. Insulin sensitivity was derived using cumulative GD as the dependent variable, and time and the integrated insulin concentration as independent variables. The ileostomist group had a significantly higher postprandial plasma insulin concentration (P=0·034) compared with the control group, but no difference in the plasma glucose concentration. Total GD was similar in each group, although the insulin-dependent GD was substantially lower in the ileostomists (0·46 v. 0·13 mg glucose/min per pmol, P=0·015). The ileostomist group also showed a 50 % lower rate of glucose oxidation in the postprandial period (P=0·005), although the rate of non-oxidative GD was not significantly affected. The present study indicates that loss of the colon is associated with several characteristics of the insulin resistance syndrome, and favours a view that the colon has a role in the control of postprandial glucose.

Hippocampal size did not differ between epileptic and non-epileptic dogs using volumetric and subjective methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borbála A. Lőrincz ◽  
Agustina Anson ◽  
Stephan Handschuh ◽  
Alexander Tichy ◽  
Conor Rowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volumetric Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

AbstractHippocampal changes in epilepsy may manifest as hippocampal atrophy/sclerosis. A recent human study suggests that the demonstration of hippocampal volume loss is more reliable using quantitative evaluation methods. The aim of the present study was to obtain volumetric data in both epileptic and healthy dogs, to compare hippocampal volumes in both groups, and to compare subjective and volumetric assessment. Volumetric measurements of the hippocampi, lateral ventricles and hemispheria were performed in 31 epileptic and 15 control dogs. There was a positive association between the body weight and the hemispheric volume, as well as between the hemispheric volume and the ipsilateral hippocampal volume. There was no significant correlation between age and the volume of any measured brain structures. There was no statistically significant difference between the hippocampal volumes of the control group and the epileptic group. A statistically significant difference between the two groups for hippocampus/hemispherium ratio or hippocampal asymmetric ratio was not identified. An extrapolated hippocampal volume based on body weight was not possible in this study population.

scholarly journals Effects of 5′-uridylic acid feeding on postprandial plasma concentrations of GH, insulin and metabolites in young calves

2005 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Katoh ◽  
K Yoshioka ◽  
H Hayashi ◽  
T Mashiko ◽  
M Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Igf I

Postprandial changes in plasma concentrations of GH, insulin, IGF-I, leptin and metabolites were compared between young Holstein bull calves fed with milk alone (control group) and with milk+5′-uridylic acid (UMP) (UMP group). UMP (2 g/day) was given with milk at 0830 h and 1530 h for 11 days from the 4th to the 14th day after birth. The perirenal fat weight was significantly lower in the UMP group than in the control group, but there was no significant difference in the weights of the liver, spleen and heart between the groups. Basal GH concentrations in the UMP group were slightly higher, but the postprandial increase in plasma insulin level and the area under the curve for insulin in the UMP group were significantly lower than those in the control group. There was no significant difference in IGF-I levels between the groups. In addition, the postprandial glucose concentrations were lower in the UMP group as reflected by the insulin level, and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations were not different. In the muscle (M. longissimus thoracis) sampled at 14 days of age, the triacylglycerol (TAG) content was significantly greater but glycogen content was significantly lower in the UMP group than in the control group. From these results, we have concluded that feeding 5′-UMP at 2 g/day for 11 days significantly alters TAG accumulation in the body and plasma concentrations of GH and insulin in young bull calves.

scholarly journals Antifreeze Protein Supplementation During the Warming of Vitrified Bovine Ovarian Tissue Can Improve the Ovarian Tissue Quality After Xenotransplantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Sun Kong ◽  
Yeon Hee Hong ◽  
Jaewang Lee ◽  
Hye Won Youm ◽  
Jung Ryeol Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microvessel Density ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Antifreeze Protein ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ice Crystallization

The occurrence of ice crystallization during ovarian tissue (OT) cryopreservation causes unavoidable cryodamage, and ice recrystallization during the warming is more detrimental than ice crystallization. Here, we investigated that antifreeze protein (AFP) treatment during the warming procedure can improve the bovine OT quality after xenotransplantation (XT). Bovine OTs (n=120) were evenly assigned to four groups: fresh, vitrified-warmed, vitrified-warmed with 10 mg/mL Leucosporidium ice-binding protein (LeIBP, a type of AFP) (LeIBP-10), and vitrified-warmed with 20 mg/mL LeIBP (LeiBP-20). LeIBPs were added to the first warming solution. Twenty pieces of OTs were assigned to each category. The remaining 10 OTs from each category were assigned to the XT-Fresh control, XT-Vitrified-warmed control, XT-LeIBP-10, and XT-LeIBP-20 groups, respectively, and xenotransplanted to 9-week-old ovariectomized nude mice for one week. LeIBP treatment during the warming step increased morphological follicle normality and decreased apoptotic follicle ratios after vitrification-warming and XT. The XT-vitrified-warmed control group showed significantly reduced microvessel density and increased fibrosis when compared to that of the XT-fresh group. Microvessel density and fibrosis were recovered in both LeIBP treated groups. There was no significant difference between the LeIBP-10 and LeIBP-20 groups in all outcomes. AFP treatment during the warming procedure can prevent OT damage, and improve ovarian follicle morphology and apoptosis in both the vitrified-warmed bovine OT and its graft. After confirmation in a human study, AFPs can potentially be applied to human OT cryopreservation to reduce cryodamage and improve the OT quality.

Status of DDT in Milk From Cows Fed Apple Pomace

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. WALTER ◽  
J. B. BOURKE ◽  
R. M. SHERMAN ◽  
R. G. CLARK ◽  
S. E. SMITH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Composite Samples

Two groups of five dairy cows each were fed an identical ration, with the exception of a 10% substitution of dried apple pomace (containing 0.06 ppm DDT) for corn. Milk samples were collected periodically for 15 weeks, and composite samples for each group were analyzed for milkfat and DDT. There was no significant difference in DDT content of milkfat between the control group and the experimental group, nor was there a significant correlation between milkfat percentage and DDT.

Levels of Prothrombin Fragment F1+2 in Patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia and a History of Venous Thromboembolism

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (05) ◽  
pp. 1327-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Andreas Stümpflen ◽  
Mirko Hirschl ◽  
Christine Bialonczyk ◽  
Kurt Herkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prothrombin Fragment ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
System Activation ◽  
One Year

SummaryIncreased thrombin generation occurs in many individuals with inherited defects in the antithrombin or protein C anticoagulant pathways and is also seen in patients with thrombosis without a defined clotting abnormality. Hyperhomocysteinemia (H-HC) is an important risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We prospectively followed 48 patients with H-HC (median age 62 years, range 26-83; 18 males) and 183 patients (median age 50 years, range 18-85; 83 males) without H-HC for a period of up to one year. Prothrombin fragment Fl+2 (Fl+2) was determined in the patient’s plasma as a measure of thrombin generation during and at several time points after discontinuation of secondary thromboprophylaxis with oral anticoagulants. While on anticoagulants, patients with H-HC had significantly higher Fl+2 levels than patients without H-HC (mean 0.52 ± 0.49 nmol/1, median 0.4, range 0.2-2.8, versus 0.36 ± 0.2 nmol/1, median 0.3, range 0.1-2.1; p = 0.02). Three weeks and 3,6,9 and 12 months after discontinuation of oral anticoagulants, up to 20% of the patients with H-HC and 5 to 6% without H-HC had higher Fl+2 levels than a corresponding age- and sex-matched control group. 16% of the patients with H-HC and 4% of the patients without H-HC had either Fl+2 levels above the upper limit of normal controls at least at 2 occasions or (an) elevated Fl+2 level(s) followed by recurrent VTE. No statistical significant difference in the Fl+2 levels was seen between patients with and without H-HC. We conclude that a permanent hemostatic system activation is detectable in a proportion of patients with H-HC after discontinuation of oral anticoagulant therapy following VTE. Furthermore, secondary thromboprophylaxis with conventional doses of oral anticoagulants may not be sufficient to suppress hemostatic system activation in patients with H-HC.

Viscosity and Red Cell Deformity in Arterial Disease

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Cella ◽  
H de Haas ◽  
M Rampling ◽  
V Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Whole Blood Viscosity ◽  
Significant Difference

Haemorrheological factors have been shown to be affected in many kings of vascular disease. The present study was undertaken to correlate these factors in normal subjects and patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease. Twenty-two patients were investigated; they had moderate or severe intermittent claudication, extent of disease being confirmed by aorto-arteriography and ankle-systolic pressure studies. Twenty-five controls with no symptoms or signs of arterial disease were selected with comparable age and sex distribution. Whole blood viscosity was measured at shear rates of 230 secs-1 and 23 secs-lat 37°c using a Wells Brookfield cone plate microvisco meter. Plasma viscosity was also measured in an identical manner. Erythrocyte flexibility was measured by centrifuge technique and fibrinogen concentration as well as haematocrit by standard techniques. The fibrinogen concentration appeared to be the only significant parameter; the mean concentration in patients with peripheral vascular disease of 463 ± 73mg/l00ml in the control group ( < 0.05). Although whole blood viscosity was high in patients, when corrected to a common haematocrit, there was no significant difference between patients and controls. The same megative correlation was found for plasma viscosity. The red cell flexibility was found to be increased in patients as compared to the control group, but this effect appeared to be simply proportional to the fibrinogen concentration.

Is perioperative antibiotic necessary in straightforward implant placement procedures?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elçin Bedeloğlu ◽  
Mustafa Yalçın ◽  
Cenker Zeki Koyuncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this non-random retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotic on early outcomes including postoperative pain, swelling, bleeding and cyanosis in patients undergoing dental implant placement before prosthetic loading. Seventy-five patients (45 males, 30 females) whose dental implant placement were completed, included to the study. Patients used prophylactic antibiotics were defined as the experimental group and those who did not, were defined as the control group. The experimental group received 2 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1 h preoperatively and 1 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid twice a day for 5 days postoperatively while the control group had received no prophylactic antibiotic therapy perioperatively. Data on pain, swelling, bleeding, cyanosis, flap dehiscence, suppuration and implant failure were analyzed on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups with regard to pain and swelling on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12 ( p &gt;0.05), while the severity of pain and swelling were greater on day 2 compared to day 7 and 14 and week 12 in both groups ( p =0.001 and p &lt;0.05, respectively). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to postoperative bleeding and cyanosis. Although flap dehiscence was more severe on day 7 in the experimental group, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the percentage of flap dehiscence assessed at other time points. Within limitations of the study, it has been demonstrated that antibiotic use has no effect on implant failure rates in dental implant surgery with a limited number of implants. We conclude that perioperative antibiotic use may not be required in straightforward implant placement procedures. Further randomized control clinical studies with higher numbers of patients and implants are needed to substantiate our findings.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBING PROMPTING BERBANTUAN MULTIMEDIA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Ni Pt Rasni Karwati ◽  
Km Ngurah Wiyasa ◽  
I Kt Ardana
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
School Year ◽  
Significant Difference

This research aims to determine the significance of the difference in science learning results between the group of fifth-grade students in Gugus I Elementary Schools, North Kuta District, in the school year of 2017/2018, that take lessons with the multimedia-assisted probing-prompting learning model and the group of students that take lessons with the conventional learning. The design of this research is a quasi-experimental research with the nonequivalent control group design. The population of this research are all the fifth-grade students of Gugus I Elementary Schools in North Kuta District that still implement the KTSP, which consists of 10 classes with a total of 339 students. The sampling is conducted using the random sampling technique. The sample in this research are the students of class VB in SD (Elementary School) No.7 Dalung, with 36 students as the experiment group and the students of class VB in SD No.4 Dalung with 28 students as the control group. The data collection is conducted using the test method in the form of the multiple choice objective test. The science learning results are analyzed using the t-test. Based on the average the experiment groups =80,89 > the control group =72,85, which means that the multimedia-assisted probing-prompting learning model has an influence on the science learning result. Based on the hypothesis test, tvalues =4,517> ttable =2,000, with dk=62 and a significance level of 5%. Based on the test criteria, H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be interpreted there is a significant difference the science learning result between the group of students that were taught using the multimedia-assisted probing-prompting learning model and the students that were taught using the conventional learning. It can be concluded that the the multimedia-assisted probing-prompting learning model has an influence on the science learning result of the fifth-grade students in Gugus I Elementary School, North Kuta District, in the school year of 2017/2018. Keywords : probing prompting, multimedia, science learning result

Effect of Chewing Gum on Bowel Motility in Women Undergoing Post-Operative Cesarean Section

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Randa Mohammed AboBaker
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Bowel Motility ◽  
Gum Chewing ◽  
Significant Difference

Postoperative Ileus (POI) is one of the most common problems after obstetrics, gynecologic and abdominal surgeries. Sham feeding, such as gum chewing, accelerates the return of bowel function and the length of hospital stay. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of chewing gum on bowel motility in women undergoing post-operative cesarean section. Intervention study was used at the Postpartum Department of Maternity and Children Hospital, KSA. A randomized controlled clinical trial research design. Through a convenience technique, 80 post Caesarian Section (CS) women were included in the study. Data were collected through three tools: Tool (I): Socio-demographic data and reproductive history interview schedule. Tool (II): Postoperative Assessment Sheet. Tool (III): Outcomes of gum chewing and the length of hospital stay.  Method: subjects were assigned randomly into two groups of (40) the experimental and (40) the control. Subjects in the study group were asked to chew two pieces of sugarless gum for 30 min/three times daily in the morning, noon, and evening immediately after recovery from anesthesia and in Postpartum Department; while subjects in the control group followed the hospital routine care. Each woman in both groups was tested abdominally using a stethoscope to auscultate the bowel sounds and asked to report immediately the time of either passing flatus or stool. Results: illustrated that a highly statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups concerning their gum chewing outcomes. Where, P = 0.000. The study concluded that gum chewing is safe, well tolerated and appears to be effective in reducing the incidence and consequences of POI following CS.

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