scholarly journals Speech Act (Im)Politeness and Audiovisual Constraints in Translation for Dubbing

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Vittorio Napoli
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Original Film ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Audiovisual Translation ◽  
Linguistic Modification ◽  
Pragmatic Strategies

The present article sets out to explore the under-researched relationship between linguistic (im)politeness and audiovisual translation, by taking the speech act of requests as object of analysis in English films and in their dubbed Italian versions. As dubbing constraints often lead translators to depart substantially from the original utterance, the study shows how linguistic changes can result in alterations of the (im)polite load inherent in the requests from original film versions. The study focuses on pragmatic strategies for realizing requests in English film dialogues and shows that dubbing constraints may underlie the adoption of different pragmatic strategies for the requests of target-language dialogues. The (im)politeness shifts that this linguistic modification process entails may make the same character come across as more or less (im)polite in the target-language version and are, for this reason, worth investigating.

scholarly journals On Audiovisual Translation: Dubbing

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Cristina Nicolae
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Audiovisual Translation

AbstractThe present article focuses on dubbing understood as a creative process of “adapting” the source language script/verbalized message/soundtrack to the target language script/verbalized message/soundtrack, challenging principles such as fidelity versus freedom in translation, bringing once again to our attention the much debated ‘reality’ pinpointed by the Italian adage “traduttore tradittore”, yet not from the point of view of untranslatability, but from that of the need for “transadaptation” in the interlingual transfer required by the audiovisual industry.

Grammar and the Intersubjectivity of Language. Focus on Epistemic Verbs

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-109
Author(s):  
Lars Heltoft
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Natural Languages ◽  
Linguistic Structure ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Contrastive Focus ◽  
Universal Pragmatics

This paper argues that Jürgen Habermas' theory of universal pragmatics is valuable for semantic and text-linguistic theory. Habermas' distinctions between communicative action (Kommunikatives Handeln) and discourse (Diskurs; debate on the validity of statements) are reflected in linguistic structure, as is his distinction between the four dimensions involved in every speech, act: comprehensibility, truth, sincerity, and correctness. The primary question is: Given that Habermas' distinctions are universal, what means of signalling them do natural languages contain? The present article limits itself to contrastive focus and epistemic verbs. The application of contrastive focus, to epistemic verbs enables speakers to mark the distinction between communicative action and discourse (the level of debate) and to clarify the dimension, under debate: comprehensibility, truth, sincerity, or correctness.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Study of Refusal Speech Act Used by Iraqi Undergraduate Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
Hutheifa Y. Turki ◽  
Juma’a Q. Hussein ◽  
Ahmed A. Al-Kubaisy
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Refusal Strategies

This paper is conducted to investigate how Iraqi EFL learners refuse different speech acts across different proficiency levels. It aims to examine the most appropriate strategies used by 2nd year students of English as compared to those of 4th year when refusing their interlocutors' invitation, suggestion, and offer. WDCT questionnaire was used to collect data from 40 Iraqi undergraduate students of English: 20 2nd year and 20 4th year. Adopting Beebe et al.'s (1990) theory of refusal, data collected was analyzed quantitatively using statistical analysis. The findings revealed that the 2nd year students of English were more frequent in using direct refusals than their 4th year counterparts. This means the latter were more aware of using refusals politely than the former. On the other hand, the findings showed that 4th year students more frequent in their use of indirect refusal strategies that the 2nd year students. This indicates that the EFL learners of low proficiency level might not bridge the gap between the pragmalinguistic strategies and the grammatical form of the target language. This means that they were not pragmatically competent of the use of the appropriate pragmalinguistic strategies. This implies that the 2nd year students need to pay more attention to pragmatics and use their refusal strategies appropriately. Thus, the paper recommends conducting further research on the use of refusal speech act in Arabic and English.

scholarly journals Speech Act dalam Headline Berita Media Online

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Riris Tiani
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Strategy Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic News ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
Headline News ◽  
Pragmatic Strategies ◽  
News Headlines

The development of pragmatic strategy in the journalistic process has an effect on the image of the person who has been reported. Directly or not, imaging of political figures to public figures is influenced by pragmatic strategies packed with journalists in the news media. Political figures until the public figure collaborate to create an interesting impression. An interesting impression or positive image will change the concept of society over this overnight assessment. The higher the pragmatic power journalists developed in writing the news, the better the quality of the news will be. In accordance with the results of pragmatic strategy research on Headline news on Republika.co.id can be concluded that in the creation of news headlines have implemented pragmatic strategy. The dominant pragmatic strategy used is the illocution act. The illusionary strategy becomes dominant because the news content that is headlined is dominated by political and economic news. So the development of explaination techniques more highlighted.

Kommunikationsprobleme Von "Near Native Speakern" Deutsch

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Erika Niehaus
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Social Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Indirect Speech Act

Communication has at least two different aspects: the propositi-onal aspect and the social aspect. Any utterance in a face-to-face-interaction therefore has the function to give information and to indicate how the ralation to the other participant is interpreted. In order to establish his communicative goal, the speaker has to analyse the social situation and the preceding context. Depending on this interpretation he selects between the different verbal patterns to perform a certain speech act. This involves for instance the choice of direct/indirect speech act realizations, the selection of certain linguistic elements (modality markers) for downtoning or upgrading the illocutionary force of speech acts. The contrastive analysis of the realizations of the speech act REQUEST in three different dialogue batteries elicited via role play from Dutch learners of German, native speakers of Dutch and native speakers of German has shown 1. that Dutch native speakers use modality markers in different communicative functions than German native speakers, 2. that Dutch learners of German mostly choose the same social strategies when speaking the target language as they do when speaking the mother tongue, 3. that the learners are not always able to establish their modal goal, that is, the are not able to communicate their intentions on an interpersonal level. The reason for this seems to be that in the Netherlands the teaching of German as a second language is mainly a matter of teaching grammatical rules and linguistic expressions without taking into consideration that the meaning of these expressions is pragmaticalley conditioned and that their usage is motivated by the relevant characteris-tics of such social situations.

scholarly journals Asymmetrical Relations in Audiovisual Translation in Brazil: A Corpus-based investigation of Fixed Expressions

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-338
Author(s):  
Domingos Soares
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
Fixed Expressions ◽  
Audiovisual Translation

This study aims to investigate, in dubbed and subtitled versions of the films Madagascar (2005) and Ice Age (2002), how fixed expressions (Moon, 1998) are translated in dubbing and subtitling methods and to examine how employing domestication and foreignisation (Venuti, 1995) can undermine or reinforce the asymmetrical relations, here defined by globalisation as discussed by Venuti (1998) and Cronin (2003, 2009). The analysis is carried out through reference and parallel corpus (Baker, 1995). Final results show that subtitling, rather than dubbing, is more prone to adopt foreignising strategies with regard to the translation of fixed expressions. Additionally, there have been identified, in the subtitled versions of the corpus, translation instances that deliberately move away from target language fixed expressions.

The Pragmatic Strategies Adopted by an Advanced Chinese EFL Learner in Realization of Request Speech Act—A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Yanfei Su
Keyword(s):  
Speech Act ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Pragmatic Awareness ◽  
Pragmatic Strategies

Under the guidance of the analytical framework of speech act proposed by Blum-Kulka and Olshtain (1984), the utterances, produced by a Chinese advanced EFL learner under four different situations in which the speech act of request was realized, are analyzed so as to examine the advanced EFL learner’s pragmatic awareness and corresponding features of pragmatic strategies adopted in realization of the request speech act. The findings of the study suggest that the Chinese advanced EFL learner does have certain pragmatic awareness and adopts different pragmatic strategies to realize the request speech act in different situations; however, her pragmatic strategies are comparatively limited to certain ones, showing no variety, which are likely to be impacted by various factors.

Communicative Constraints in EFL Pre-School Settings: A Corpus-Driven Approach

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Romero-Trillo ◽  
Ana Llinares García
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
English Language ◽  
School Context ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Classroom Context ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Nursery Schools ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
Questions And Responses

The present article investigates the use of interrogatives made by teachers and the responses given by learners in two different (bilingual and non-bilingual) English language classroom contexts in two Spanish nursery schools. The analysis shows the relevance of the type of functions made by the teachers through interrogatives, rather than the quantity of input in the target language. The study classifies the functions of interrogatives in the pre-school context and makes a statistical corpus-driven analysis of the questions and responses in the two schools. Finally, the article makes some suggestions, based on the data, about the kind of questions than can lead to a more natural L2 development in the classroom context.

Gender and second language style

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Hardeman Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Language Style ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Learner Perceptions ◽  
Salient Factor

Abstract Gender has been shown to be a salient factor in acquisition of second language variation (Adamson & Regan, 1991; Major, 2004; Meyerhoff & Schleef, 2012; Rehner, Mougeon, & Nadasdi, 2003; Schleef, Meyerhoff, & Clark, 2011). However, these studies have primarily focused on learner production of target language variation and style in the sense of attention paid to speech. There has been little focus on learner perceptions of the social meanings associated with L2 variants and styles. The present article addresses this gap in the research by examining L2 learner perceptions of a gendered style of speaking in Mandarin Chinese known as sajiao. Results from a perception experiment confirm the salience of gender in the acquisition of L2 variation and show that American L2 Mandarin learners have acquired some of the social meanings associated with sajiao but not others. An acoustic phonetic analysis of sajiao is also presented.

The theme of fakhr (self-exaltation) in the translation of Antara’s Mu‘allaqa

Babel ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-309
Author(s):  
Bakri Al-Azzam ◽  
Aladdin Al-Kharabsheh
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Temporal Context ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Semantic Effect ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This paper investigates the possibility of translating, into English, Antara’s <i>Fakhr</i> (self-exaltation), as a prominent theme in his renowned <i>Mu‘allaqa</i>. The theoretical framework rests on the supposition that a literary work in general and pre-Islamic poetry in particular must be examined within its socio-cultural, spatio-temporal context as a total meaningful structure which entails the semantics and pragmatics of the text.<p>Examining this theme in three selected translations, the analysis shows that the source text has proved that <i>Fakhr</i> (self-exaltation), as a conventional constituent of Antara’s <i>Mu‘allaqa</i>, presents a remarkable degree of sophistication which poses serious translation challenges.<p>The discussion also reveals that, owing to the daunting complexity of incongruence and distance between the cultures of the two languages, the translations have only managed to maintain the textual import, but have not satisfactorily captured the socio-cultural denominations and implications, a perceptible translation erroneousness, which impeded straddling the required semantic effect and the required reader’s response in the target language version.<p>The paper draws the conclusion that the socio-cultural, spatio-temporal context can provide a broader frame of reference for analyzing, interpreting and translating the original Mu‘allaqa in a completely new, contemporary setting of transmission and reception.<p>

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