scholarly journals Concept of standard raw drug substitution in Traditional Siddha Medicine - A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-455
Author(s):  
Shyamala Rajkumar ◽  
Vinayak S ◽  
Eugene Wilson ◽  
Shree Devi M S ◽  
Vijayakumar V ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Drug Substitution ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Similar Materials ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Ancient Texts ◽  
Current Practices

Classical Siddha medicine recommends the usage of functionally parallel substitute raw drugs in the scarcity of the original material. The concept of standard raw drug substitution is designated by the Tamil term Matru sarakku, which emphasizes selecting alternatives either in herbal or non-herbal sources based on certain attributes. Functionally similar materials are suggested for balancing the deficit based on such parameters. Literature sources from Siddha medicine and other allied subjects were explored and documented for the inclusive understanding of the concept of ideal substitution. Few of the standard substitutes mentioned in the classical Siddha literature were evaluated in a scientific account for its justification. An outlook on different specimens as described in the ancient texts of Tamil medicine indicates the usage of substitutes from numerous plants, animals, and other metallo-mineral ingredients. The rationale of selecting alternatives primarily depends on the equivalent following traditional attributes like organoleptic entities, potency, division, general properties, specific actions, and medicinal uses of the material shared between the raw drugs. This must undergo a systematic evaluation by pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies to justify current practices of substitution. A systematic document in these lines will give a proper guideline for the effective employment of substitute drugs in the current scenario of dwindling official botanical sources for many Traditional Siddha formulations. 

scholarly journals Pharmacological and phytochemical studies on Acacia modesta Wall; A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Wajid Sarwar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
General Morphology ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The use of plants with therapeutic properties is as ancient as human civilization. Acacia modesta belongs to family Fabaceae and is a deciduous tree which has medium or small size. Traditionally, it has been used to treat leprosy, wounds, dysentery, venereal diseases, cough, body weakness, bacterial infections and backache. Many pharmacological activities have been reported viz. antibacterial, antifungal, anti-hyperglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet, anti-termite, antioxidant, brine shrimp cytotoxicity, haemagglutination, insecticidal, phytotoxic and spasmolytic. While various flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, non-protein amino acids, fixed oils and cyclitols have been isolated from this plant. This review is an attempt to provide adequate information on ethno-medicinal uses, general morphology, pharmacological and phytochemical properties of the plant.

Cultivation, Phytochemical Studies, Biological Activities and Medicinal Uses of Aloe ferox, Grandfather of Aloes an Important Amazing Medicinal Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Sekhar Sin ◽  
Rama Rao Bethap ◽  
Adharvana Chari Muru ◽  
Chakrapani Pullagummi ◽  
Thota Latha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Aloe Ferox ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

scholarly journals The phytochemistry and biological aspects of Caryocaraceae family

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ascari ◽  
J.A. Takahashi ◽  
M.A.D. Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Oil Source ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The Caryocaraceae family is constituted of 25 species distributed in two genera (Caryocar and Anthodiscus). Plants of this family have been used in several phytochemical studies for isolation and characterization of chemical compounds. Some of these studies evaluated in vitro and in vivo biological activities of extracts and pure substances isolated from plants of this family. Nine species of Anthodiscus genus have been described, while no phytochemical study related to them has been reported. On the other hand, Caryocar genus presents 16 species with several medicinal uses like for the treatment of colds and bronchitis, in the prevention of tumours, as a regulating agent of the menstrual flow, to treat ophthalmological problems and for the cure of hematomas and bruises. Some species of this genus were targeted by phytochemical studies and presented, in their composition, the following classes of secondary metabolites: triterpenes, fatty acids, tannins, carotenoids, triterpenic saponins, phenolic coumarins, phenolic glycosides, and others. The fruits of Caryocar species are very nutritive, containing in their composition fibers, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals. Seeds have been widely used as oil source with nutritional and cosmetic value. The biological evaluation of some species was carried out by using relevant biological assays such as: antioxidant, allelopathic and antifungal activities against Biomphalaria glabrata and toxicity on Artemia salina.

scholarly journals HELICHRYSUM PETIOLARE HILLIARD AND B. L. BURTT: A REVIEW OF ITS MEDICINAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALFRED MAROYI
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activities ◽  
The University ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Helichrysum petiolare is a valuable and well-known medicinal herb in South Africa. A comprehensive review of phytochemical, medicinal uses, and biological activities of H. petiolare is presented in this study. Information on biological activities, medicinal uses, and phytochemistry of H. petiolare was gathered from several internet sources which included Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, SciFinder, and BMC. Additional information on these aspects was sourced from pre-electronic sources such as journal articles, scientific reports, theses, books, and book chapters obtained from the University library. The current study revealed that H. petiolare is mainly used as herbal medicine for respiratory infections, diabetes, fever, headache, heart problem, high blood pressure, pain, reproductive problems, and wounds. Phytochemical studies showed that H. petiolare extracts and compounds isolated from the species have antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antityrosinase, antigenotoxicity, and cytotoxicity activities. This research showed that H. petiolare is an integral part of indigenous pharmacopeia in South Africa, but there is the lack of alignment between the known medicinal applications, phytochemistry, and biological activities of the species. Therefore, future research should focus on evaluating the chemical and pharmacological properties of H. petiolare extracts and compounds associated with the species.

scholarly journals The Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Genus Hibiscus: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Manish Kapoor ◽  
Gurdeep Kaur ◽  
Navneet Kaur ◽  
Chanchal Sharma ◽  
Kajal Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The genus Hibiscus belongs to the mallow family, Malvaceae comprising of about 275 species growing in tropical and sub tropical areas. The various species of genus Hibiscus have been used as traditional medicine all over the world. There are numerous reports of their traditional medicinal uses in various countries like India, Nigeria, China, and Srilanka etc. to cure various ailments such as hypertension, cardiac diseases, stomach-ache, urine problems, skin diseases and many more. Based on the historical knowledge, various pharmacological and phytochemical studies on some species of the genus Hibiscus have been done. Nevertheless, there are no up-to-date articles published which can provide an overview of pharmacological effects of the genus Hibiscus. Therefore, the main objective of the review article is to provide a systematic comprehensive summary of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Hibiscus and to build up a correlation between its traditional ethano-botanical uses and pharmacological activities so as to find some advanced research opportunities in this field. The given information on the ethano-botanical uses, phytoconstituents and various medicinal properties of the genus Hibiscus was gathered from the online scientific databases through search in Google, Google Scholar, Science Direct, NCBI, Pubmed, Springer Link, Research Gate by using some keywords as. Besides these websites other published literature and unpublished Ph.D. thesis and M.Sc. dissertation were also consulted. Previously conducted research revealed that the genus contains good amount of phytoconstituents such as antioxidants, phytosterols, saponins, lignin, essential oils, glycosides, and anthocyanins etc. Presence of these bioactive compounds in the crude extracts of the plants make it suitable for various medicinal properties like anti inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-proliferative, anti-ulcer, hypersensitive, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and many more. Additionally, this review article showed that mainly two species of the genus i.e. H. rosa-sinensis and H. sabdariffa have been explored for their pharmacological activities. There are few reports on some other species like H. tiliaceous, H. microanthus, H. asper, H. acetosella. This review highlights the medicinal potential of the plant Hibiscus due to its unique blend of phytochemicals. These phytoconstituents can be further assessed and subjected to clinical trials for their proper validations. Although large amount of the data regarding pharmacological effects has already been added to the existing reservoir but still potential of certain species like H. radiatus, H. hirtus, H. moschetous, H. trionum and many more is not yet unveiled and can be considered as future prospects that need to be worked out.  Graphical Abstract: 

scholarly journals Plants used as medicinal in Güémez, Tamaulipas, north-eastern Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1130-1140
Author(s):  
Sindi N. JASSO-GÁNDARA ◽  
Eduardo ESTRADA-CASTILLÓN ◽  
Juan A. ENCINA-DOMÍNGUEZ ◽  
José A. VILLARREAL-QUINTANILLA ◽  
José R. ARÉVALO SIERRA
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Northeastern Mexico ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The use of medicinal plants in Mexico has a diverse and deeply-rooted tradition concerning. Plants play an important role in traditional medicine among the inhabitants of Güémez, Tamaulipas in northeastern Mexico. With the aim of obtaining quantitative information on the plants and their uses as medicinal sources, semi-structured interviews with 113 local residents were taken. In addition, Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Use Value (UV) were calculated. A total of 85 species of medicinal plants belonging to 44 families were identified. The most common families were Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Euphorbiaceae. The most used part of the plant was the leaf and the most frequent preparation method was boiling, preparing as an infusion. A total of 50 medicinal uses were registered. Fever had highest ICF (0.93), whereas, according to UV, the most important plants were Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt., Mentha spicata L., Matricaria recutita L. and Achillea millefolium L. The information generated strengthens traditional knowledge, bringing new species and uses to the country´s records for future phytochemical studies that could lead to new medicines.

scholarly journals The Fruit Malus prunifolia (Malus micromalus Mak.): A Minireview of Current Knowledge of Fruit Composition and Health Benefits

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Ji ◽  
Chunyan Hou ◽  
Xudan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Malus Prunifolia ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The fruit Malus prunifolia (Malus micromalus Mak.), which belongs to the Rosaceae family, grows mostly in the upper-middle reaches of the Yellow River area. It has long been popular as a fruit commodity and as a natural remedy. Its main biologically active components include vitamin C, phenolics, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and triterpenic acids. Recent phytochemical studies on the fruit have shed some light on its biological activities, such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, immunostimulating, hepatoprotective, and gastrointestinal protective activities. A stronger focus on clinical studies and phytochemical characterization of the fruit will be essential for future research efforts. This minireview could be useful for predicting its other medicinal uses and its potential drug or food interactions, and it could be beneficial for people living in areas where the fruit is endemic and where healthcare resources are scarce.

scholarly journals A Review of Rhazya stricta Decne Phytochemistry, Bioactivities, Pharmacological Activities, Toxicity, and Folkloric Medicinal Uses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2508
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Albeshri ◽  
Nabih A. Baeshen ◽  
Thamer A. Bouback ◽  
Abdullah A. Aljaddawi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rhazya Stricta ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The local medicinal plant Rhazya stricta Decne is reviewed for its folkloric medicinal, phytochemical, pharmacological, biological, and toxicological features. R. stricta has been used widely in different cultures for various medical disorders. The phytochemical studies performed on the R. stricta extract revealed many alkaloidal and fatty acid compounds. Moreover, several flavonoid and terpenoid compounds were also detected. Pharmacological activates of R. stricta extracts are approved to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive activities. Additionally, R. stricta extract was found to hold biological activates such as larvicidal and phytoremediation activates R. stricta extract was found to be toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic. R. stricta contains novel phytochemical compounds that have not been investigated pharmacologically. Further research is needed through in vitro and in vivo experiments to pave the road for these compounds for medical, veterinary, and ecological uses.

scholarly journals A Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Clinical Profile of Paederia foetida and P. scandens

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Yiping Jiang ◽  
Ting Han ◽  
Chengjian Zheng ◽  
Luping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Paederia Foetida ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Paederia foetida and P. scandens are two important and well explored Paederia species (Rubiaceae). P. foetida, which grows mainly in China, Bangladesh, India and Mauritius, has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, piles, and diarrhea, while P. scandens is used to treat aches, jaundice, dysentery and dyspepsia as a folk medicine in the southern region of China, Vietnam, India and Japan. This review covers the comprehensive knowledge of the traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and clinical studies of P. foetida and P. scandens. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of iridoids, flavonoids, volatile oil, and other metabolites in these two species, which possess versatile bioactivities like antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, antitussive and antitumor activities. An injection developed from P. scandens has been clinically used as an analgesic drug. P. foetida and P. scandens have emerged as a good source of traditional medicines. Available scientific references reveal that the biological properties of these two Paederia species have been evaluated by modern pharmacological studies. However, bioguided isolation of active constituent responsible for the medical uses, as well as study of their structure–activity relationship and mode of actions, is urgently needed.

A REVIEW OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE CECROPIA GENUS

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
MAIARA ALINE DAGA ◽  
THAÍS SOPRANI AYALA ◽  
RAFAEL ANDRADE MENOLLI
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Cecropia Obtusifolia ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The genus Cecropia belongs to the Urticaceae family and has a wide diversity of species in several regions of South America. In folk medicine, they have many uses, such as hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and sedative. Species of the genus Cecropia, such as Cecropia pachystachya, Cecropia glaziovii, and Cecropia obtusifolia, have been the subject of several phytochemical studies, and the main isolated compounds were orientin, isoorientin, isovitexin, vitexin, as well as c-glycosylflavonoid compounds. These active compounds were characterized as responsible for the use of Cecropia plants in the treatment of inflammation and also as antimicrobial agents. This review aims to describe the main characteristics of the genus Cecropia, exploring the compounds responsible for the medicinal uses of these species and focusing on anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial uses.

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