scholarly journals A Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Clinical Profile of Paederia foetida and P. scandens

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Yiping Jiang ◽  
Ting Han ◽  
Chengjian Zheng ◽  
Luping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Paederia Foetida ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Paederia foetida and P. scandens are two important and well explored Paederia species (Rubiaceae). P. foetida, which grows mainly in China, Bangladesh, India and Mauritius, has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, piles, and diarrhea, while P. scandens is used to treat aches, jaundice, dysentery and dyspepsia as a folk medicine in the southern region of China, Vietnam, India and Japan. This review covers the comprehensive knowledge of the traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and clinical studies of P. foetida and P. scandens. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of iridoids, flavonoids, volatile oil, and other metabolites in these two species, which possess versatile bioactivities like antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, antitussive and antitumor activities. An injection developed from P. scandens has been clinically used as an analgesic drug. P. foetida and P. scandens have emerged as a good source of traditional medicines. Available scientific references reveal that the biological properties of these two Paederia species have been evaluated by modern pharmacological studies. However, bioguided isolation of active constituent responsible for the medical uses, as well as study of their structure–activity relationship and mode of actions, is urgently needed.

Indeginous Knowledge of Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Smith; An Important Medicinal Fern of Western Ghats

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Charana Kumar ◽  
◽  
Clara Manasa P.A. ◽  
M. Jadeyegowda ◽  
Shrikant Gunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Similar Location

Indigenous knowledge on the usage of medicinal plants all over the world precedes the origin of modern medicine in healthcare system. Plants have given many health benefits to humans since ancient times. Drynaria quercifolia commonly called Oak Leaf Fern, is used in traditional medicinal system by different groups of people to treat various kinds of health problems however, in Ayurvedic System of Medicine it is sold in the name of ‘Ashwakatri’. The present study aims to document the traditional medicinal knowledge on Drynaria quercifolia in the Kodagu district. The folk knowledge believes that the host specific Drynaria quercifolia has considered as strong and effective medicine. This ferns collected from only specific tree species can be extracted for its medicinal value. Paper also deals with the tradition information on the preparation and consumption of folk medicine. Though the medicinal uses of Drynaria quercifolia has been described by many workers, the practice of traditional medicines significantly varies from region to region and also in the similar location of the same region. The survey was conducted in the Kodagu district of Karnataka to document the traditional medicinal usage of fern Drynaria quercifolia. To generate the information on traditional knowledge, frequent discussions and semi-structured interviews with folk healers viz., natividyas, knowledgeable individuals and forest tribes. Based on the results of the study it is found that this species is used for curing jaundice as folk medicine and the medicinal value of the fern which is extracted only from those individuals growing on specific host trees viz., Artocarpus hirsutus, Ficus mysorensis, F. benghalensis and Mangifera indica have found the effective results than the species growing on other trees. Study concluded that the host specific trees of Drynaria quercifolia are more effective in treating ailments.

scholarly journals A review on Pharmacological potential of Berberine; an active component of Himalayan Berberis aristata

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Vikas Chander ◽  
◽  
J.S. Aswal ◽  
Rajendra Dobhal ◽  
D.P. Uniyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Protoberberine Alkaloid

Plants have been the basis of many traditional medicines throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide new remedies to mankind. They are one of the richest sources of compounds. Berberis aristata is one of the major plants used in Ayurveda for several remedies. It is used as a tonic, alternative, demulscent, diaphoretic and diuretic, and in the treatment of diarrhoea, jaundice, skin diseases, syphilis, chronic rheumatism and urinary disorders. Scientific evidence suggests its versatile biological functions that support its traditional use in the orient. Phytochemical studies shows that plant Berberis aristata contains mainly yellow colored alkaloids Berberine, oxyberberine, berbamine, aromoline, a protoberberine alkaloid karachine, palmatine, oxycanthine and taxilamine and tannins, sugar, starch. Among the several compounds Berberine is main constitute having various pharmacological actions. It is, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, occurs as an active constituent in numerous medicinal plants and has an array of pharmacological properties. It has been used in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine for its antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antidiarrheal and antitrachoma activity. Moreover, several clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate ameliorative effect of berberine against several disorders including metabolic, neurological and cardiological problems. This review provides a summary regarding the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of berberine, with a focus on the different mechanisms underlying its multispectrum activity..

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaber El-Saber Batiha ◽  
Amany Magdy Beshbishy ◽  
Lamiaa G. Wasef ◽  
Yaser H. A. Elewa ◽  
Ahmed A. Al-Sagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Traditional Remedy

Medicinal plants have been used from ancient times for human healthcare as in the form of traditional medicines, spices, and other food components. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an aromatic herbaceous plant that is consumed worldwide as food and traditional remedy for various diseases. It has been reported to possess several biological properties including anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, renoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antihypertensive activities in traditional medicines. A. sativum is rich in several sulfur-containing phytoconstituents such as alliin, allicin, ajoenes, vinyldithiins, and flavonoids such as quercetin. Extracts and isolated compounds of A. sativum have been evaluated for various biological activities including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities among others. This review examines the phytochemical composition, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological activities of A. sativum extracts as well as its main active constituent, allicin.

scholarly journals Mesosphaerum suaveolens (Lamiacae): Source of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Weverton Almeida Bezerra ◽  
Felicidade Caroline Rodrigues ◽  
Adrielle Rodrigues Costa ◽  
Kyhara Soares Pereira ◽  
Natália Rodrigues Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Resistant Strains

The use in folk medicine of leaves of Mesosphaerum suaveolens for the treatment of diseases of the digestive system and respiratory system, raised the hypothesis that its volatile oil has biological properties against pathogenic microorganisms. To evaluate this hypothesis, the antibacterial, antifungal activity against Candida yeast strains, which modifies the action of antibiotics and antioxidants (DPPH) was evaluated in vitro. In addition, it was determined by means of Gas Chromatography (GC-FID), the constituents present in the essential oil. The results show that M. suaveolens oil has antibacterial activity against standard and multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, with a MIC of 64 and 256 μg/mL respectively, however it does not have the capacity to enhance the action of commercial antibacterials. Regarding the anti-Candida activity, it was possible to observe that there was biological action, since they presented IC50 de 18.15 µg/mL for Candida albicans URM and 40.4 for Candida tropicalis INCQS 40042. In addition, the oil was able to modulate fluconazole for all strains analyzed. As for the antioxidant action, the oil demonstrated that even in low percentages, there is an action in the reduction of free radicals (IC50> 200 µg/mL). Such activities may be related to the major constituent of the oil, the sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene (C17H28O2). Thus, M. suaveolens oil is a natural source with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry and biological properties of Drimys winteriJR et G. Forster var chilensis(DC) A.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-462
Author(s):  
Orlando Munoz ◽  
◽  
Jorge Tapia-Merino ◽  
Wolf Nevermann ◽  
Aurelio San-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Plant Growth Regulation ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Drimys Winteri

Drimys winteri JR et G. Forster var chilensis (DC) A. is a tree native to central and southern Chile. Also it found in part of Argentina. It is abundant in wet swampy localities from sea level to an altitude of 1700 m. This tree is sacred for the Mapuche culture; it is used in folk medicine in such as inflammatory and painful processes. Phytochemical studies have demonstrated that this plant contains mainly sesquiterpenes of the drimane type, flavonoids, essential oils, phytosterols and some lignans. These drimanes have attracted interest because of their antifeedant, plant growth regulation, cytotoxic, antimicrobial and insecticidal properties. The objective of this review is to establish clearly the phytochemistry and biological activity of Drimys winteri JR et G. Forster var chilensis (DC) A. Articles based on other varieties are not considered.

A REVIEW OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE CECROPIA GENUS

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
MAIARA ALINE DAGA ◽  
THAÍS SOPRANI AYALA ◽  
RAFAEL ANDRADE MENOLLI
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Cecropia Obtusifolia ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The genus Cecropia belongs to the Urticaceae family and has a wide diversity of species in several regions of South America. In folk medicine, they have many uses, such as hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and sedative. Species of the genus Cecropia, such as Cecropia pachystachya, Cecropia glaziovii, and Cecropia obtusifolia, have been the subject of several phytochemical studies, and the main isolated compounds were orientin, isoorientin, isovitexin, vitexin, as well as c-glycosylflavonoid compounds. These active compounds were characterized as responsible for the use of Cecropia plants in the treatment of inflammation and also as antimicrobial agents. This review aims to describe the main characteristics of the genus Cecropia, exploring the compounds responsible for the medicinal uses of these species and focusing on anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial uses.

Genetic Diversity of Basil (Ocimum spp. - Lamiaceae) Based on RAPD Markers and Volatile Oil Constituents

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 492f-493
Author(s):  
Roberto F. Vieira ◽  
James E. Simon ◽  
Peter Goldsbrough ◽  
Antonio Figueira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Essential oils extracted from basil (Ocimum spp.) by steam distillation are used to flavor foods, oral products, in fragrances, and in traditional medicines. The genus Ocimum contains around 30 species native to the tropics and subtropics, with some species naturalized and/or cultivated in temperate areas. Interand intraspecific hybridization have created significant confusion in the botanical systematics of this genus. Taxonomy of basil (O. basilicum) is also complicated by the existence of numerous varieties, cultivars, and chemotypes within the species that do not differ significantly in morphology. In this study we are using RAPD markers and volatile oil composition to characterize the genetic diversity among the most economically important Ocimum species. We hypothesize that the genetic similarity revealed by molecular markers will more accurately reflect the morphological and chemical differences in Ocimum than essential oil composition per se. Preliminary research using five Ocimum species, four undetermined species, and eight varieties of O. basilicum (a total of 19 accessions) generated 107 polymorphic fragments amplified with 19 primers. RAPDs are able to discriminate between Ocimum species, but show a high degree of similarity between O. basilicum varieties. The genetic distance between nine species and among 55 accessions within the species O. americanum, O. basilicum, O. campechianum, O. × citriodorum, O. gratissimum, O. kilimandscharium, O. minimum, O. selloi, and O. tenuiflorum will be analyzed by matrix of similarity and compared to the volatile oil profile. This research will for the first time apply molecular markers to characterize the genetic diversity of Ocimum associate with volatile oil constituent.

Phytochemical, Pharmacological Activities and Ayurvedic Significances of Magical Plant Mimosa pudica Linn

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Anti Cancer

: Mimosa pudica Linn is an integrated part of Traditional Medicines Systems of India, China, Africa, Korea and America. It has been used from centuries in traditional medicines to cure different diseases like fever, diabetes, constipation, jaundice, ulcers, biliousness, and dyspepsia. It is an important ingredient of wide class of herbal formulations. To assess the scientific evidence for therapeutic potential of Mimosa pudica Linn and to identify the gaps for future research. The available information on the ethno-medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Mimosa pudica Linn was collected via a library and electronic searches in Sci-Finder, Pub-Med, Science Direct, Google Scholar for the period, 1990 to 2020. In traditional medicinal systems, variety of ethno-medicinal applications of Mimosa pudica Linn has been noticed. Phytochemical investigation has resulted in identification of 40 well known chemical constituents, among which alkaloids, phenols and flavionoids are the predominant groups. The crude extracts and isolates have exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, osteoporosis, neurological disorders, hypertension etc.. To quantify the Mimosa pudica Linn and its formulations, analytical techniques like HPLC and HPTLC has shown dominancy with good range of recovery and detection limit. Mimosa pudica Linn is the well-known herb since an ancient time. The pharmacological results supported some of the applications of Mimosa pudica Linn in traditional medicine systems. Perhaps, the predominance of alkaloids, phenols and flavionoids are responsible for the pharmacological activities the crude extracts and isolates of Mimosa pudica Linn. Further, there is need to isolate and evaluate the active chemical constituents of Mimosa pudica Linn having significant medicinal values. In future, it is important to study the exact mechanism associated with the phytochemicals of Mimosa pudica Linn especially on anti-cancer activities. Notably, toxicity studies on Mimosa pudica Linn are limited which are to be explored in future for the safe application of Mimosa pudica Linn and its formulations.

An overview on therapeutic potential of Iris Persica

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiq H. S. Hussain ◽  
Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin ◽  
Dinesh kumar Patel ◽  
Omji Porwal
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Underground Storage ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The Family ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Perennial Herbs

: The family Iridaceae contains 92 genera and more than 1800 species, mostly perennial herbs with underground storage organs called rhizomes (bulbs). Some genera are important in traditional medicines, especially Iris and Gladiolus. The genus Iris belongs to this family and comprises about hundreds species among them, 12 species are found in Iraq. It has been widely used various medicines worldwide especially Iris persica is used in folk medicine in the Kurdistan region of Iraq as an effective treatment against tumours, antibacterial, antifungal and treating inflammation. Earlier finding confirmed that Iris persica and its constituents play role in the scavenging of free radical generation and prevention of disease pathogenesis. Each part of the Iris persica herb has some medicinal property. This review gives a eagle eye view mainly on the biological activities of the Iris persica and some of their compounds isolated, pharmacological actions of the Iris persica extracts and products, and plausible medicinal and therapeutically applications.

scholarly journals Ethno-medicinal, phytochemistry, and pharmacological importance of Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae): a useful medicinal plant of sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumide Samuel Fadahunsi ◽  
Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola ◽  
Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola ◽  
Temitayo Idris Subair ◽  
David Oluwasegun Adepoju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Intestinal Worms ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae) is a tropical rainforest tree commonly found in sub-Saharan region of Africa. It is a useful and very popular plant among the locals due to the outstanding anti-diabetic activity of the seeds. Methods A comprehensive literature search on articles published on phytochemical analysis and various pharmacological activities of Hunteria umbellate was carried out using search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. Results In this review, it was deduced that H. umbellate is employed in folk medicine as an elixir for obesity, fever, leprosy sores, menstrual pain, infertility, yaws, intestinal worms, abdominal discomfort and stomach ache. Due to their durability and immunity against termites, the stems are coveted and desired as timbers in the construction of houses, while the bark has been reportedly exported to Europe for medicinal uses. Pharmacological activities such as fertility enhancing, aphrodisiac, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, has been ascribed to the different morphological organs of H. umbellate. Moreover, compounds belonging to important classes of secondary metabolites with biological activities such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, quinic acids have been identified and characterized from the plant. Conclusion From this review, it can be inferred that, numerous and bioactive principles with known biological usefulness are present in the extracts of H. umbellate and might be responsible for the observed biological and pharmacological activities.

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