scholarly journals SOCIAL MOOD AND ADAPTATION OF ETHNIC GROUPS TO THE MARKET ECONOMY (according to ethnosociological surveys in Bashkortostan)

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Fail Safin ◽  
◽  
Murat Ishemgulov ◽  
Damir Kamaletdinov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Negative Factors

On the basis of ethnosociological surveys, the social mood and adaptive behavior of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan to the market economy are considered. On the basis of ethnosociological data, the self-assessment by ethnic groups of their material and financial situation is revealed. One of the negative factors affecting social mood was the economic crisis after the Crimean events and the beginning of the pandemic. The survey also showed that market relations have made certain adjustments to the social stratification and differentiation of society. Despite this, as the results of the survey showed, the majority of the population of the republic looks to the future with hope and optimism.

scholarly journals PLURALISM OF CONSTITUTIONAL VALUES: CONSTITUTING SOCIAL MARKET ECONOMY IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentino Kuzelj ◽  
◽  
Domeniko Kvartuč ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Redistributive Policies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Social Market ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Constitutional Identity

Departing from the fact that the welfare state concept, principles of social justice and equality, and entrepreneurial and market freedoms make an integral part of the Croatian constitutional identity, the paper emphasizes the importance of the development for the institution of a social market economy (as the only acceptable form of market relations in Croatia). The central thesis of the paper is that the content of the constitutional principles of taxation, although not yet explicitly confirmed as part of the constitutional identity, stands implicit in the eternal principles of the Croatian Constitution via requirements that arise from the concept of welfare state and the principles of social justice and equality. Additionally, the authors point out a need to reaffirm the Croatian citizens’ commitment to the social values of the Constitution by choosing social (redistributive) policies through the democratic electoral process.

scholarly journals LABOR MOTIVATIONS OF THE POPULATION OF BASHKORTOSTAN IN A MARKET ECONOMY (according to ethnosociological surveys)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Fail Safin ◽  
◽  
Murat Ishemgulov ◽  
Fanil Kulsharipov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

The transition to a market economy has created certain difficulties in the field of employment and the material and financial situation of the population of the country. In this regard, in the Republic of Bashkortostan, due to the uneven settlement of ethnic groups in cities and in rural areas, there were certain difficulties. Despite the development of a market economy, a significant part of the population, regardless of ethnicity, prefers to work in state-owned enterprises, the number of which has significantly decreased over the years. At the same time, the share of those who want to engage in entrepreneurship and work "for themselves" is growing. The ongoing privatization of state property in the country is also ambiguously perceived by the population of the country. The problem of the economic and financial situation of the population motivates them to look for new sources of earning money to improve their financial condition.

Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Elena Ju. Gorbatkova
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF ILLUMINATION INDICES AND NON-IONIZING RADIATION AT EDUCATIONAL SITES OF HIGH SCHOOLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Gorbatkova ◽  
T. R. Zulkarnaev ◽  
Z. A. Khusnutdinova ◽  
U. Z. Ahmadullin ◽  
A. A. Kazak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Made In

One of the significant factors affecting the condition of the students’ visual apparatus is an illumination level in the premises of educational organizations. Electromagnetic radiation arising from computers also has an essential influence on a state of health. Taking into account the urgency of this problem, an analysis of illumination indices and EM radiation was made in audiences of higher educational institutions of various profiles (Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan). The total number of illumination measurements was 3528. The measurement methods met the requirements of the interstate standard. According to the results of the illumination indices estimation in the studied universities, a significant deviation from the regulated norms was revealed: in 71.5% of the measurements the index was below the norm. It should be noted that indices differed significantly depending on the type of educational organization. The best situation is in the “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation,” where only 13.3% of the measurements are inconsistent with the normative indices. Pulsation coefficient also was determined. It turned out that 88.8% of the measurements do not correspond to the norm. The analysis of illumination measurements in computer classes was carried out. Only one-fifth of them in the computer table working area in the of the document placement corresponded to SanPin. An anonymous questionnaire was also organized for students from four leading universities in Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan. According to respondents’ answers, out of seven students, one was revealed to be suffering from myopia. On the basis of “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Bashkortostan”, a study of non-ionizing radiation from video terminals located in computer classes was made. 1145 measurements were made in 20 buildings of four universities studied. It was found out that the intensity of the electrostatic field did not meet the requirements of SanPiN in 5.7% of the measurements. Hygienic assessment of the environment of educational organizations of various profiles revealed a number of significant deviations from the regulated norms. The obtained results testify to the need to monitor the illumination and EMR indices both from the administration of higher education institutions and from teachers. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP INSTRUMENTS IN THE SOCIAL SPHERE

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
А. И. Прокофьева
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Minimum Degree ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Social ◽  
Additional Funding ◽  
The Republic

В статье автор раскрывает перспективные направления партнерства между государственным и частным секторами на основе привлечения дополнительного финансирования в отрасли социальной сферы, где частный бизнес отсутствовал или принимал участие в минимальной степени. Вместе с тем, автор обозначил направления развития муниципально-частного партнерства в Республике Башкортостан на базе совершенствования нормативно-правовой базы и развития институциональной среды. In the article, the author reveals promising areas of partnership between the public and private sectors on the basis of attracting additional funding in the social sector, where private business was absent or participated to a minimum degree. At the same time, the author outlined the directions of development of municipal-private partnership in the Republic of Bashkortostan on the basis of improving the legal framework and the development of the institutional environment.

scholarly journals The system of moral encouragement of personnel as the mechanism for improving labor efficiency and mitigating conflict manifestations in the sphere of social and labor relations (on the example of companies of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-130
Author(s):  
Yuliya Nikolaevna Svinukhova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Relations ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Labor Efficiency ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic

One of the key tasks at the current stage of development of the Russian society and its regional communities lies on only in modification of labor capital for increasing its quantitative and qualitative parameters, but also in improving the quality of social and labor environment, which prompts more effective implementation of the available labor capital and rise in labor productivity. The development of the system of moral encouragement of personnel is viewed as the condition for improving the social and labor environment of the company and the criterion satisfaction with the work life. The subject of this research is the system of moral encouragement of personnel as the mechanism for improving the labor efficiency and mitigating conflict manifestations in the sphere of social and labor relations. The empirical analysis is based on the state statistical data, as well as the sociological survey conducted by the Sector of Socio-Political Research of the Institute for Social and Economic Research of Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2021 in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The article also employs secondary data analysis. The author substantiates the need for implementation in the companies of the Republic of Bashkortostan of the flexible system of moral encouragement based on the principle of “social cafeteria” and differentiated mechanisms considering the social characteristics of employees (men, women, and employees with family responsibilities). It is revealed that the clash of career and family is one of the most relevant spheres of the emergence of tension and conflict in modern labor collectives regardless of the field of employment. Description is given to the relevant measures of moral encouragement of personnel, which imply the broadening of options to combine work with family and parenting responsibilities.

scholarly journals Social Development Forecast for Russian Regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 132-152
Author(s):  
L. G. Cherednichenko ◽  
R. V. Gubarev ◽  
E. I. Dzyuba ◽  
F. S. Fayzullin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The objective of the article is to offer a proprietary technology for assessment and forecasting of social development of Russian regions. The methodological basis of the study is neural network technology (a Bayesian ensemble of dynamic neural networks of different configurations is formed) that ensure high accuracy of the forecast. The authors developed a methodology for assessing the social potential of the Russian regions. They have also designed a system of private indicators characterising the level of social development of Russian regions. The indicators have been divided into five groups: 1) population (life expectancy); 2) standard of living of the population; 3) education; 4) health care (morbidity); 5) research and innovation. The private indicators have been made comparable by normalizing their values by means of “Pattern” method. This method allows the objective assessment of the interregional “gaps” in the country across the entire system of social indicators. The social development index of the subjects of the Russian Federation has been calculated. Based on neural network technologies (Kohonen self-organizing maps) clustering of regions of Russia regarding social development has been conducted. The forecast of the social development of the Russian regions has been made. Due to the forecast, it has been established that in the leading region of the Russian Federation (Moscow) in 2017-2019 the decrease is expected in the index of social development in comparison with 2014-2016. In another leading region of the Russian Federation (St. Petersburg) the decline in comparison with 2016 is expected in the medium term. At the same time, for the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2017-2019, just a slight decrease in the level of social development is forecasted. However, it is expected that the Republic will still lag significantly behind the leading regions of Russia by social development. The example of the Republic of Bashkortostan helped to discover that the lag in social development can be explained by the “gap” in research and innovations. The authors have concluded that it is necessary to improve the effectiveness of social policy at the regional level. Thus, it is necessary not only to increase financing of the social sphere of the subjects of the Russian Federation, but also to ensure proper control of budget spending. The developed methodology can be an effective tool for forecasting and managing social development of the Russian regions by the relevant ministries and departments.

scholarly journals Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Елена Юрьевна Горбаткова
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

scholarly journals The foresight forecasting of social development in rural areas of the region

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Eugene Stovba ◽  
Olesya Gorbunova ◽  
Andrey Stovba ◽  
Natalya Kolonskikh ◽  
Aidar Sharafutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Target Setting ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Territorial Systems

The article reveals the necessity to use a foresight when designing strategic plans and programs for the socio-economic development of rural municipalities in the present conditions of spatial and harmonious development of rural territories. A phased algorithm for forecasting the social development in rural areas. The article presents the results of foreseeing the social development of rural territories of the Non-chernozem zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The proposed unified foresight research methodology that makes it possible to provide a realistic target setting and precise «targeting» of strategic planning for the social development in rural areas. Summing up that the foresight technologies should be used as a system tool for developing a strategy for sustainable development of rural territorial systems.

Analyzing the tax system as a factor of social policy of the State

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-477
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Sheina ◽  
R.R. Bakirova ◽  
S.M. Masich
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
System Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Quantitative Factor ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic

Subject. We analyze the effect of the tax system on the social policy of the State. Objectives. The study aims to assess the tax system as a factor of government’s social policy. Methods. We employ methods of systems analysis, including qualitative, quantitative, factor analysis, generalization methods, comparison, as well as economic and statistical methods. Statistical reporting of the Federal Tax Service of Russian Federation, the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Bashkortostan, and laws and regulations served as empirical and information basis of the study. Results. We considered the classification of tax instruments for implementing the social policy of the tax system, and indicators of social policy efficiency; identified areas for stirring up the social function of taxes. They include the use of personal income tax as a tool of State social policy through the separation of taxpayer income to apply progressive tax rates based on the analysis of statistical data on taxpayers’ size and per capita income behavior. The paper defines the main factors of changes in the modern social policy of the Russian Federation. Conclusions. At the present stage of tax system development, the paper highlights the increased level of social awareness. It is manifested in increased social control over effective functioning of State institutions. This control focuses on the quality of public services, cost effectiveness, and improved living standards.

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