Explore the Method and Clinical Value of Electrocardiogram in the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases

Introduction: Circulatory system diseases have high medical and social significance, therefore, the study of the quality of life associated with health for cardiological patients is of great practical importance. A large number of methods for assessing the quality of life are known, but not all methods have a methodological justification in cardiology and practical approbation. The aim of the work was to assess the clinical value of the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire for a group of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Materials and methods: The work methodology is presented by the analysis of RISC, Springer Link, Oxford University Press, New England Medical Journal, British Medical Journal, Elsevier SCOPUS database, EBSCO platform, as a result, the WHOQOL100 method was justified for use. Results: It has been established that the psychological field (the ratio of positive and negative emotions) and the sphere of social relations with an emphasis on practical social support are components of the quality of life, which can be considered as key vectors of social rehabilitation and criteria for the social effectiveness of treating patients with cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion: The international questionnaire WHOQOL-100 is recommended for use for cardiological patients with the subsequent analysis of the whole profile of quality of life.

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Humoral Immunity Against HDL Particle: A New Perspective in Cardiovascular Diseases?

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666190830164917 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (29) ◽

pp. 3128-3146 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nathalie Satta ◽

Miguel A. Frias ◽

Nicolas Vuilleumier ◽

Sabrina Pagano

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Autoimmune Response ◽

High Density Lipoproteins ◽

Cholesterol Transport ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Biological Implication ◽

Humoral Autoimmunity ◽

New Perspective ◽

Potential Biomarkers

Background: Autoimmune diseases are closely associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Over the last decades, the comprehension of atherosclerosis, the principal initiator of CVD, evolved from a lipidcentered disease to a predominant inflammatory and immune response-driven disease displaying features of autoimmunity against a broad range of auto-antigens, including lipoproteins. Among them, high density lipoproteins (HDL) are important actors of cholesterol transport and bear several anti-atherogenic properties, raising a growing interest as therapeutic targets to decrease atherosclerosis and CVD burden, with nevertheless rather disappointing results so far. Reflecting HDL composition complexity, autoimmune responses and autoantibodies against various HDL components have been reported. Results: In this review, we addressed the important complexity of humoral autoimmunity towards HDL and particularly how this autoimmune response could help improving our understanding of HDL biological implication in atherosclerosis and CVD. We also discussed several issues related to specific HDL autoantibody subclasses characteristics, including etiology, prognosis and pathological mechanisms according to Rose criteria. Conclusion: Finally, we addressed the possible clinical value of using these antibodies not only as potential biomarkers of atherogenesis and CVD, but also as a factor potentially mitigating the benefit of HDL-raising therapies.

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DNA Methylation and the Potential Role of Methyl-Containing Nutrients in Cardiovascular Diseases

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/1670815 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gang Liu ◽

Peng Bin ◽

Tianwei Wang ◽

Wenkai Ren ◽

Jin Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Folic Acid ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Dna Methyltransferase ◽

Epigenetic Modification ◽

Nutritional Supplements ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Research Findings ◽

Therapeutic Measures ◽

The Impact

Patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) experience a low quality of life and increase pressure on healthcare systems both nationally and globally. DNA methylation, which refers to the pathway by which DNA methyltransferase facilitates the addition of a methyl group to DNA, is of critical importance in this respect primarily because the epigenetic modification is implicated in a range of serious conditions including atherosclerosis, CVDs, and cancer. Research findings indicate that the number of epigenetic alterations can be elicited (both in utero and in adults) through the administration of certain nutritional supplements, including folic acid and methionine; this is partly attributable to the effect employed by methyl-containing nutrients in DNA methylation. Thus, for the purpose of illuminating viable therapeutic measures and preventive strategies for CVDs, research should continue to explore the intricate associations that exist between epigenetic regulation and CVD pathogenesis. This review centers on an exposition of the mechanism by which DNA methylation takes place, the impact it has on a range of conditions, and the potential clinical value of nutrition, driven mainly by the observation that nutritional supplements such as folic acid can affect DNA methylation.

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The fundamental role of stress echo in evaluating coronary artery disease in specific patient populations

Current Vascular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1570161120666211220104156 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Leonidas Raftopoulos ◽

Constantina Aggeli ◽

Yannis Dimitroglou ◽

Vasiliki Kakiouzi ◽

Dimitrios Tsartsalis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Solid Organ Transplantation ◽

Current Data ◽

Solid Organ ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Specific Patient ◽

Artery Disease ◽

End Stage

: Stress echocardiography (SE) was initially used for assessing patients with known or suspected coronary heart disease by detecting and evaluating myocardial ischemia and viability. The implementation of SE has gradually been extended to several cardiovascular diseases beyond coronary artery disease, and SE protocols have been modified and adapted for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) or other cardiovascular diseases in specific patient populations. This review attempts to summarize current data concerning SE implementation and clinical value in these specific and diverse populations: patients with an intramural course of a coronary artery – known as a myocardial bridge, chronic severe or end-stage hepatic disease, chronic severe or end-stage kidney disease, cardiac allograft vasculopathy, patients scheduled for solid-organ transplantation and other intermediate and high-risk surgery and, finally, patients treated with anticancer drugs or radiotherapy.

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Current use of cardiac biomarkers in various heart conditions

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530320999200831171748 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Shahzad Khan ◽

Sahibzada Tasleem Rasool

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Cardiac Injury ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Well Being ◽

Cardiac Biomarkers ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Organ Systems

: Biomarkers are increasingly recognized to have significant clinical value in early identification and progression of various cardiovascular diseases. There are many heart conditions such as Congestive heart failure (CHF), ischemic heart diseases (IHD), and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and cardiac remodeling in which the severity of the cardiac pathology can be mirrored through these biomarker or cardiac biomarkers. From the emergency department (ED) evaluation of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) or suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with cardiac marker Troponin to the diagnosis of chronic conditions like Heart Failure (HF) with natriuretic peptides, like B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) and mid regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), their use is con-tinuously increasing. Their clinical importance has led to the discovery of newer biomarkers such as the soluble source of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), galectin-3 (Gal-3), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and various micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs). Since cardiac pathophysiology involves a complex interplay between inflammatory, genetic, neurohormonal, and biochemical levels, these biomarkers could be enzymes, hormones, and biologic substances showing cardiac injury, stress, and malfunction. Therefore, multi-marker approaches with different combinations of novel cardiac biomarkers, con-tinual assessment of cardiac biomarkers are likely to improve cardiac risk prediction, stratification, and overall patient well-being. On the other hand, these biomarkers may reflect coexisting or isolated disease processes in different organ systems other than the cardiovascular system. Therefore, knowledge of cardiac biomarkers is imperative. In this article, we have re-viewed the role of cardiac biomarkers and their use in the diagnosis and prognosis of various cardiovascular diseases from different investigations conducted in recent years.

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The Clinical Efficacy of Yindanxinnaotong Soft Capsule in the Treatment of Stroke and Angina Pectoris: A Meta-Analysis

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/2060549 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Long Cheng ◽

Yue Liu ◽

Xiao-bo Sun

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Angina Pectoris ◽

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Conventional Medicine ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Effective Rate ◽

Therapeutic Regimen ◽

Efficacy Rate ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Knowledge Infrastructure

Objective. To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Yindanxinnaotong (YD) soft capsule in adult patients with cardiovascular diseases (stroke and angina pectoris). Methods. We electronically searched databases including Medline, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Cqvip Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database for published articles of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of YD capsule in treating stroke and angina pectoris. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results. 49 RCTs involving 6195 subjects with cardiovascular diseases (angina pectoris and stroke) were included. Compared with western conventional medicine (WCM) and/or other Chinese medicines, YD plus WCM therapeutic regimen could significantly improve the efficacy rate (RR = 1.21, 95% CI (1.17, 1.25), P<0.00001 for angina pectoris, RR = 1.24, 95% CI (1.18, 1.31), P<0.00001 for stroke), showing the clinical value. In addition, the therapeutic efficiency of WCM plus YD capsule regimen is better than that of WCM alone in improving CRP (MD = −2.07, 95% CI (−3.97, −0.17), P=0.03 <0.05) and TG (MD = −0.37, 95% CI (−0.52, −0.23), P<0.0001). Conclusion. YD is effective in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (angina pectoris and stroke) in adults, and WCM plus YD therapeutic regimen can significantly improve the effective rate in the clinic.

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Inflammageing in the cardiovascular system: mechanisms, emerging targets, and novel therapeutic strategies

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20191213 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 134 (17) ◽

pp. 2243-2262

Author(s):

Danlin Liu ◽

Gavin Richardson ◽

Fehmi M. Benli ◽

Catherine Park ◽

João V. de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Cardiovascular System ◽

Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Molecular Targets ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Low Grade ◽

Cardiovascular Research ◽

Inflammatory Processes ◽

Ach Receptors

Abstract In the elderly population, pathological inflammation has been associated with ageing-associated diseases. The term ‘inflammageing’, which was used for the first time by Franceschi and co-workers in 2000, is associated with the chronic, low-grade, subclinical inflammatory processes coupled to biological ageing. The source of these inflammatory processes is debated. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has been proposed as the main origin of inflammageing. The SASP is characterised by the release of inflammatory cytokines, elevated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, altered regulation of acetylcholine (ACh) nicotinic receptors, and abnormal NAD+ metabolism. Therefore, SASP may be ‘druggable’ by small molecule therapeutics targeting those emerging molecular targets. It has been shown that inflammageing is a hallmark of various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and adverse cardiac remodelling. Therefore, the pathomechanism involving SASP activation via the NLRP3 inflammasome; modulation of NLRP3 via α7 nicotinic ACh receptors; and modulation by senolytics targeting other proteins have gained a lot of interest within cardiovascular research and drug development communities. In this review, which offers a unique view from both clinical and preclinical target-based drug discovery perspectives, we have focused on cardiovascular inflammageing and its molecular mechanisms. We have outlined the mechanistic links between inflammageing, SASP, interleukin (IL)-1β, NLRP3 inflammasome, nicotinic ACh receptors, and molecular targets of senolytic drugs in the context of cardiovascular diseases. We have addressed the ‘druggability’ of NLRP3 and nicotinic α7 receptors by small molecules, as these proteins represent novel and exciting targets for therapeutic interventions targeting inflammageing in the cardiovascular system and beyond.

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