scholarly journals Toxicological Evaluation of Selected Gluten-Rich Diets on Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2020 ◽  
pp. 3547-3558
Author(s):  
Tajudeen O. Yahaya ◽  
Esther O. Oladele ◽  
Titilola F. Salisu ◽  
Zainab O. Ayoola ◽  
Sofiat O. Ayodeji
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Wheat Group ◽  
Reproductive Cycles

Gluten-rich foods are staple foods in many countries because they are nutritious, tasty and cosmopolitan, but lately, concerns are rife about the safety of gluten, necessitating an in-depth investigation. This study, therefore, evaluated the toxicity of two gluten-rich foods, namely wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare). Eighteen (18) mixed-sex experimental rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into 3 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 was made the control, while groups 2 and 3 were fed ad libitum barley and wheat diets, respectively. The rats were monitored daily for 60 days, after which blood samples were taken for hematological and liver function tests. The livers, hearts, kidneys, and ovaries of the rats were also collected for histopathological examination. The hematological parameters of the test rats, including the packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and lymphocytes (LYM) had no statistical significance (p>0.05), while the liver enzymes, including the alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB) were significantly elevated. There were no histopathological changes in the livers, kidneys, hearts, and ovaries of the test rats compared with the control. The rats in the wheat group completed 2 reproductive cycles, while the barley and control rats made 1 cycle each. On average, the number of offspring per birth of the control was 8, while the barley and wheat groups had 9 and 12, respectively. The offspring survival rate of the control was 90%, whereas the barley and wheat rats had 89.91 and 90.20%, respectively. The results obtained showed that the gluten diets did not induce any serious side effect in the treated rats and even enhanced the health of the rats, particularly the reproductive performance. Gluten-rich foods are therefore considered safe and healthy for gluten-tolerant individuals.

Hematological condition of breeding bulls after a long winter period of operation in the conditions of the Udmurt Republic

2022 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
A. Abilov ◽  
A. Azhmyakov ◽  
I. Novgorodova ◽  
N. Bogolyubova
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Udmurt Republic

Purpose: to study hematological parameters of blood in bulls-producers of dairy breeds on the day of semen collection in the Udmurt Republic after a long winter period of operation, depending on the breeds, age and place of selection.Materials and methods. The work was performed at the Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L. K. Ernst on the basis of AO "Udmurtplem" of the Udmurt Republic in the period from 2020 to 2021 on dairy bulls (n=20) aged 15-69 months, including a purebred Holstein breed of domestic selection (n=6), a Holstein black-and-white breed of European selection (the Netherlands, n=6), a black-and-white breed with blood transfusion on Holsteins on at the level of 94-98% (n=8). The content of white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit, depending on age and breed, was studied on the ABC VET hematological analyzer on the day of taking the seed.Results. It was found that on average, in 20 bulls aged 15-69 months, the level of white blood cells was at the level of reference values of 8.8±0.25 x 109/l, red blood cells 10.3 x 1012/l, which is 50% more than the reference values. The concentration of hemoglobin is 128.0±2.92 g/l, hematocrit is on average 54.3%, with a norm of 24-46%. Breeding bulls at a reliable level, differing in age, showed that some animals had high indicators for red blood cells of 10.3±0.26 x 102, for hematocrit of 54.3% against 24-46% of reference values. Also, according to hematological indicators, there was a tendency to increase the concentration of hemoglobin and hematocrit in European-bred bulls.Conclusion. The study of the variability in hematological parameters depending on the selection showed that there is no significant difference in leukocytes and all indicators are at the level of reference values, and in erythrocytes more than 50% than the highest indicators. The highest hemoglobin values were at the level of 141-156 g/l instead of 128 g/l according to the highest reference values. Hematocrit also showed high max values in all groups in comparison with the reference values of 59-66% versus 46% in the norm. It is necessary when analyzing hematological blood parameters in addition to the average statistical indicators (M+m) also, monitor the variability (min-max) in order to obtain more objective information.

scholarly journals In-vivo Antiplasmodial Effect of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine-Nitrofurantoin on Plasmodium berghei- Infected Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Udeme O. Georgewill ◽  
Festus Azibanigha Joseph ◽  
Elias Adikwu
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Nitrofurantoin (NT) used for the treatment of urinary tract infections may have antiplasmodial activity. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) is an artemisinin based combination therapy used for the treatment of malaria. This study evaluated the antiplasmodial effect of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine-nitrofurantoin (DP-NT) on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Adult Swiss albino mice (30-35 g) of both sexes were used. The mice were randomly grouped, inoculated with Plasmodium berghei, and treated orally with DP (1.7/13.7 mg/kg), NT (57.1 mg/kg) and DP-NT (1.71/13.7/ 57.1 mg/kg), respectively using curative, prophylactic and suppressive tests. The negative control was orally treated with normal saline (0.3 mL), while the positive control was orally treated with chloroquine CQ (10mg/kg). After treatment, blood samples were collected and evaluated for percentage parasitemia, inhibitions and hematological parameters. Liver samples were evaluated for histological changes. The mice were observed for mean survival time (MST). Treatment with DP-NT decreased parasitemia levels when compared to individual doses of DP and NT with significant difference observed at p<0.05. DP-NT prolonged MST when compared to individual doses of DP and NT with significant difference observed at p<0.05. The decrease in packed cell volume, red blood cells, hemoglobin and increase in white blood cells in parasitized mice were significantly restored by DP-NT  when compared to individual doses of DP and NT with difference observed at p<0.05. DP-NT eradicated liver Plasmodium parasite.  NT remarkably increased the antiplasmodial activity of DP. DP-NT may be used for the treatment of malaria.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the hemogram of Oryctolagus cuniculus envenomus

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-272
Author(s):  
Obou Constantin Okou ◽  
N’guessan Emmanuel Assemian ◽  
Kouadio Bernard Allali ◽  
Guy Childeric Bingo ◽  
Allico Joseph Djaman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Experimental Batch ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Rabbit Blood ◽  
Hemolysis Test ◽  
Dose Dependent

The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the hemolysing action of Naja nigricollis venom on rabbit blood. To carry out this study, three batches of three rabbits were formed with two control batches and one experimental batch. Each control lot is composed of three rabbits (males or females) while the experimental lot is composed of two males and one female. Each rabbit from the control lots was separately collected in the purple tube (EDTA) and transported to the laboratory for analysis. The rabbits from the experimental batch were also collected distinctly a few minutes after the injection of the venom of Naja nigricollis for the analysis of haematological parameters. However, before the analysis of the hematological parameters of the rabbits from the control and experimental batches, an in vitro hemolysis test of Naja nigricollis venom was performed to verify its hemolysing power. The results showed that Naja nigricollis venom has a dose-dependent in vitro hemolysing power. As for the haemogram, it revealed that the venom of Naja nigricollis has a decreasing effect on blood cells (red and white blood cells), on haemoglobin and on haematocrit, and an elevation on MGVs thus promoting anaemia.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of apple extracts against thrombocytopenia in rat experimental models

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-405
Author(s):  
Munawar Abbas ◽  
Farhan Saeed ◽  
Muhammad Umair Arshad ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Nadeem ◽  
Huma Bader-Ul-Ain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Apple Seed

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of apple extracts against thrombocytopenia, i.e. decrease in platelet count. Design/methodology/approach Male Sprague Dawley rats were used to evaluate therapeutic potential of apple extracts. Diets enriched with apple fruit and seed’s ethanolic extract were provided to normal and KBrO3-induced thrombocytopenic rats for 60 days. KBrO3 was administered at level of 85 mg/Kg of body weight of rats to intentionally decrease the platelet count. Platelet count and other hematological parameters were monitored at monthly intervals to evaluate therapeutic effect of apple extracts against thrombocytopenia. Findings The results of current research portrayed that both apple seed and fruit extracts enriched diets increased the platelet count significantly (p < 0.05) in thrombocytopenic rats. It was observed that apple fruit extract-enriched diet (AFE) raised the platelet count to 14.72 and 33.07 per cent in normal and thrombocytopenic rats, respectively. Apple seed extract-enriched diet (ASE) raised the platelet count to 11.08 and 32.90 per cent in normal and thrombocytopenic rats, respectively. Other hematological parameters including white blood cells, red blood cells and hemoglobin were also significantly increased. Originality/value Thrombocytopenia is uprising problem in developing world including India and Pakistan accompanied by different diseases especially dengue and related complications. Because of questioning on therapies against thrombocytopenia, research on diet-based therapies, as a substitute to synthetic one, is increasing. Diet rich in antioxidant compounds including apple fruit and seeds are the limelight of manuscript.

scholarly journals How Similar are Pharmacy Students and White Blood Cells? Curricular Content Reinforced Through Personification

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Kenric Ware
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Curricular Content ◽  
Article Type ◽  
And Gender

Description: This initiative sought to evaluate the use of personification to reinforce immunology concepts among pharmacy students.  A two-part question posed to first year pharmacy students asked if they could physically become two white blood cells (WBCs), which would they choose and why. Students received instruction in immunology prior to providing their feedback. Demographics included campus of enrollment and gender designation. Student ratings 1 to 5 reflected approval levels toward this activity’s usefulness (1: least; 5 most). Key Findings: One hundred and ten of 117 students selected two WBCs they would physically become if possible (94%). Less than two-thirds of students were female (63%) and the Columbia campus featured approximately a quarter of the students (24%). The most and least common WBCs chosen, as first selections by campus and gender, were statistically significant being neutrophils and basophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils, respectively. The median approval values of the WBC personification activity by campus and gender were similar and did not reach statistical significance, 4.5 and 5, respectively. Conclusion: Pharmacy students commended the personification activity for helping them learn the roles and responsibilities of WBCs. Unique and insightful rationales for the choices made for WBCs persisted among the students. In light of these favorable reviews, this type of activity can be adapted to other areas of pharmacy education.   Article Type: Note

scholarly journals T lymphocyte subsets of the umbilical cord blood of dogs

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L.B. Cápua ◽  
A.E. Santana ◽  
A.P.M. Nakage ◽  
A.V. Godoy ◽  
A. Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets

The hematological parameters red blood cells (RBC) and total white blood cells (WBC) counts, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and RBC indexes (median corpuscular volume and median corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) were determined and T CD5+ lymphocytes and CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulations of the umbilical cord blood (UCB) of dogs were quantified by the cytofluorimetric technique. Nine adult Beagles, from two do five-year old, were used as control. The umbilical cord blood (UCB) was collected from 20 neonate dogs. The method for the UCB collection was adequate to obtain sufficient quantity of blood for the accomplishment of the hematological analyses and lymphocyte quantification. Cytoscopic preparations of the UCB suggested high erythropoietic activity. There was no difference for the global leukocyte and lymphocyte counts between the groups. UCB T lymphocyte counts were lower than those obtained for adult dogs. The proportion of CD4:CD8 showed a great dominance of T CD4+ cells over T CD8+ lymphocytes in UCB.

scholarly journals Breakfast can Affect Routine Hematology and Coagulation Laboratory Testing: An Evaluation on Behalf of COLABIOCLI WG-PRE-LATAM

TH Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. e367-e376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Arredondo ◽  
Eduardo Aranda ◽  
Rubén Astorga ◽  
Lorena Michele Brennan-Bourdon ◽  
Marise Danielle Campelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Coagulation Testing ◽  
Fasting Time

AbstractLaboratories worldwide perform both hematological and coagulation testing on patients avoiding fasting time. In 2017, the Latin America Confederation of Clinical Biochemistry (COLABIOCLI) commissioned the Latin American Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE-LATAM) to study preanalytical variability and establish guidelines for preanalytical procedures to be applied by clinical laboratories and health care professionals. This study, on behalf of COLABIOCLI WG-PRE-LATAM, aims to evaluate the effect of the breakfast on routine hematology and coagulation laboratory testing. We studied 20 healthy volunteers who consumed a breakfast containing a standardized amount of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. We collected blood specimens for routine hematology and coagulation laboratory testing before breakfast and 1, 2, and 4 hours thereafter. Significant differences between samples were assessed by the Wilcoxon ranked-pairs test. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between basal and 4 hours after the breakfast were observed for red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, mean platelet volume, and activated partial thromboplastin time. In conclusion, the significant variations observed in several hematological parameters, and activated partial thromboplastin time due to breakfast feeding demonstrate that the fasting time needs to be carefully considered prior to performing routine hematological and coagulation testing to avoid interpretive mistakes of test results, and to guarantee patient safety. Therefore, COLABIOCLI WG-PRE-LATAM encourages laboratory quality managers to standardize the fasting requirements in their laboratory, i.e., 12 hours.

scholarly journals Changes in morphology of white blood cells on peripheral smear in COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2393
Author(s):  
Garima Agarwal ◽  
Shubhangi Gupta ◽  
Natasha Singh ◽  
Salony Mittal ◽  
Atul Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Made In

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, and has spread around the world in a deadly pandemic. The first case of COVID-19 was reported from Wuhan, China in December 2019. This is also called as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) because of its homology with SARS virus. The most common hematological manifestation of coronavirus is lymphopenia which is due to depletion of lymphocytes by coronavirus infection. Other manifestations are neutrophilia and mild thrombocytopenia. Literature is full of quantitative hematological parameters but the researches on morphology of white blood cells is still ongoing. We at our institute done study on 60 confirmed positive cases of COVID-19, and analyzed those peripheral smears in terms of morphology of white blood cells.Methods: The study was done using peripheral smear staining with methylene blue stain and was screened for various changes in white blood cells in peripheral smear.Results: Changes in the white blood cells were examined in the peripheral smear and findings were made in the tabular form.Conclusions: To conclude that all these changes are due to the virus infecting them or are secondary to pathogenesis of COVID disease, needs to be evaluated by larger studies.

scholarly journals Histopathological, Haematological and Biochemical Indices of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Parasitized by Endoparasitic Fauna in Fish Farm of the Northeastern Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (09) ◽  
pp. 465-478
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Radwan ◽  
Sabry Shehata ◽  
Yasser Abdelhadi ◽  
Ramadan Mohammed ◽  
Mohamed Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Aminotransferase Activity ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
G Ratio

Knowledge of the endemic fauna of parasites in fish are of great importance, parasites could synergistically act as stressors to health of their hosts. The objectives of this study were to evaluate prevalence and effect of parasites on hematological, biochemical indices, injury of tissues and length weight relationship of Clarias, gariepinus. Water quality variables were measured and fishes were collected each seasons for examination most common parasites in infected fishes at Abbasa Fish Farm, Egypt. Results indicated that high summer water temperature was strongly associated with parasites infection. The hematological and biochemical analysis showed significant reduction in red blood cells (RBCs) count, hemoglobin (Hb) value, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total protein, Albumin, Globulin and A/G ratio, while total white blood cells (WBCs) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), aspartate aminotransferase activity (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase activity (ALAT), urea, creatinine, uric acid and glucose were significantly increased in infested catfish. On other hands, histopathological examination of infected fish indicated, organs most affected by infection of parasites. Overall the tendencies observed in data showed the parasites have a strong effect on host fish and drifts observed for all variables showed a strong seasonal decoration.

scholarly journals HEMATOLOGICAL MODULATION IN REGULAR PRACTICE OF YOGA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Goyal ◽  
Sadhana Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Hemoglobin Content ◽  
Regular Practice ◽  
Rbc Count

Background: A significant effect of yoga has been noticed in decreasing the blood glucose level, the heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Blood contains predominantly three types of blood cells including red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and Platelets. Methods- The study was carried out 100 volunteers. Study group comprised 50 male and 50 female healthy subjects of 18-20 years. Hematological parameters like total RBC Count, total W.B.C Count, hemoglobin content/dl and total Platelet count were determined by Improved Version of automated hematology auto-analyzer. For this Hemogram study, 5 ml of blood was collected in EDTA Vial under aseptic precautions. Results: Regular practice of yoga for 3 months significantly improved the R.B.C., W.B.C., Platelet count and Hb content. Conclusion- We concluded that regular practice of yoga for promotes trafficking of the stem cells from bone marrow and improve hematological parameters in anemia. Keywords: Yoga, hematological parameters, Regular.

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