scholarly journals Interview Giancarlo Mazzanti

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Luis Manuel Palmero Iglesias ◽  
Graziella Bernardo
Keyword(s):  
Social Equity ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Positive Effects

Giancarlo Mazzanti, (Barranquilla, Colombia), is one of the best architects on the current scene. Founder of El Equipo Mazzanti, his architecture promotes the values of development and social equity with projects that generate transformations and positive effects on the community. His work is multidisciplinary, ground-breaking, and multifunctional. He has developed and built educational, residential, urban improvement and social projects of great power and attractiveness, making him a reference architect on a global scale.

scholarly journals Is It Time for a Reset in Arctic Governance?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oran R. Young
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Great Power ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Ground Zero ◽  
Regime Complex

Conditions in the Arctic today differ from those prevailing during the 1990s in ways that have far-reaching implications for the architecture of Arctic governance. What was once a peripheral region regarded as a zone of peace has turned into ground zero for climate change on a global scale and a scene of geopolitical maneuvering in which Russia is flexing its muscles as a resurgent great power, China is launching economic initiatives, and the United States is reacting defensively as an embattled but still potent hegemon. This article explores the consequences of these developments for Arctic governance and specifically for the role of the Arctic Council. The article canvasses options for adjusting the council’s membership and its substantive remit. It pays particular attention to opportunities for the council to play a role in managing the increasingly complex Arctic regime complex.

scholarly journals Global signal of top-down control of terrestrial plant communities by herbivores

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (24) ◽  
pp. 6237-6242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihong Jia ◽  
Xugao Wang ◽  
Zuoqiang Yuan ◽  
Fei Lin ◽  
Ji Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Basic Site ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Plant Abundance ◽  
Terrestrial Plant ◽  
Positive Effects

The theory of “top-down” ecological regulation predicts that herbivory suppresses plant abundance, biomass, and survival but increases diversity through the disproportionate consumption of dominant species, which inhibits competitive exclusion. To date, these outcomes have been clear in aquatic ecosystems but not on land. We explicate this discrepancy using a meta-analysis of experimental results from 123 native animal exclusions in natural terrestrial ecosystems (623 pairwise comparisons). Consistent with top-down predictions, we found that herbivores significantly reduced plant abundance, biomass, survival, and reproduction (allP< 0.01) and increased species evenness but not richness (P= 0.06 andP= 0.59, respectively). However, when examining patterns in the strength of top-down effects, with few exceptions, we were unable to detect significantly different effect sizes among biomes, based on local site characteristics (climate or productivity) or study characteristics (study duration or exclosure size). The positive effects on diversity were only significant in studies excluding large animals or located in temperate grasslands. The results demonstrate that top-down regulation by herbivores is a pervasive process shaping terrestrial plant communities at the global scale, but its strength is highly site specific and not predicted by basic site conditions. We suggest that including herbivore densities as a covariate in future exclosure studies will facilitate the discovery of unresolved macroecology trends in the strength of herbivore–plant interactions.

scholarly journals Transforming Power of Scientific Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 21-48
Author(s):  
TALİP YİĞİT ◽  
MURAT DİNÇER
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Academic Productivity ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Global University

Knowledge, and especially scientific knowledge, is crucial in terms of transforming societies, and making social structures manageable and sustainable. This can be seen in the fact that the universities which are at the top of the global university rankings are mostly located in countries that are the center of attraction. The aim of this study is to examine the positive effects of academic productivity, which is of great importance in optimizing social conditions, on human development on a global scale with a statistically provable technique. In order to understand this relationship more clearly, our study has compared countries according to their academic productivity using the Multidimensional Scaling Analysis method and established a relationship between this and human development. As a result of the analysis carried out within the scope of the study, which used data from 178 countries from the time period of 1996-2019, it was concluded that the relationship between academic productivity and human development was only at a medium level. This suggests that, in addition to the need for scientific knowledge to be used for the improvement of social conditions, scientific knowledge is limited to certain organizations, which leads to the elitism of scientific knowledge.

scholarly journals L’autorégulation conjointe de la cognition et des émotions : quel impact sur les apprentissages ?

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastien Wagener
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Holistic Approaches ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Mind

Les apprentissages consistent à résoudre des problèmes et à acquérir de nouvelles connaissances et compétences par le biais d’un ensemble de processus relevant de l’autorégulation. Deux aspects principaux rentrent en ligne de compte lorsque l’on cherche à améliorer la résolution de problèmes : la dimension émotionnelle et la métacognition. Les émotions, en tant que réactions organisées et utiles à une situation donnée, peuvent être tour à tour un atout ou un handicap lorsqu’il s’agit d’apprendre. Par ailleurs, la métacognition est constituée d’un ensemble de processus et de savoirs qui s’articulent autour de la prise de conscience et de la régulation de son propre fonctionnement, qu’il soit cognitif ou émotionnel. Grâce aux pratiques de l’attention (PA), issues de traditions permettant un travail sur la conscience et la régulation psychologique et physiologique, il est possible d’agir conjointement sur les cognitions et les émotions. Plusieurs travaux ont montré les nombreux bénéfices que présentent de telles approches et nous constatons également que les effets positifs sur l’autorégulation commencent à être de plus en plus étayés. Nous proposons donc de nouvelles approches holistiques permettant un travail global sur l’autorégulation qui prendraient en compte le traitement métacognitif des sphères cognitive et émotionnelle au bénéfice des apprenants. Simultaneous self-regulation of cognition and emotions and its consequences on learning Abstract: The learning process relies on problem-solving activities and the acquisition of knowledge and skills through self-regulation. Emotions and metacognitions are some of the key aspects that allow the improvement of problem-solving. The emotional dimension consists of structured and useful reactions in regard to a specific situation. Emotions can either be an asset or a disadvantage when one is involved in a learning situation. As for metacognition, it’s a compound of processes and knowledge (of cognitive or emotional nature) connected through self-regulation and self-awareness. Thanks to attentional practices (AP), one can regulate both cognitions and emotions. These AP come from various traditions focused on the exploration of the mind and self-regulation of psychological and physiological activities. Many studies show the positive effects of such practices on health, and some recent studies also report improvements in self-regulation thanks to AP. In this paper, we suggest that the creation of new holistic approaches would allow us to work on metacognition and emotions on a global scale, in order to improve the ability of individuals to engage in self-regulated learning efficiently.

scholarly journals Negative effects of nitrogen override positive effects of phosphorus on grassland legumes worldwide

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (28) ◽  
pp. e2023718118
Author(s):  
Pedro M. Tognetti ◽  
Suzanne M. Prober ◽  
Selene Báez ◽  
Enrique J. Chaneton ◽  
Jennifer Firn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Protein Rich

Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is driving global biodiversity decline and modifying ecosystem functions. Theory suggests that plant functional types that fix atmospheric nitrogen have a competitive advantage in nitrogen-poor soils, but lose this advantage with increasing nitrogen supply. By contrast, the addition of phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients may benefit such species in low-nutrient environments by enhancing their nitrogen-fixing capacity. We present a global-scale experiment confirming these predictions for nitrogen-fixing legumes (Fabaceae) across 45 grasslands on six continents. Nitrogen addition reduced legume cover, richness, and biomass, particularly in nitrogen-poor soils, while cover of non–nitrogen-fixing plants increased. The addition of phosphorous, potassium, and other nutrients enhanced legume abundance, but did not mitigate the negative effects of nitrogen addition. Increasing nitrogen supply thus has the potential to decrease the diversity and abundance of grassland legumes worldwide regardless of the availability of other nutrients, with consequences for biodiversity, food webs, ecosystem resilience, and genetic improvement of protein-rich agricultural plant species.

scholarly journals Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on urban park visitation: a global analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehui (Christina) Geng ◽  
John Innes ◽  
Wanli Wu ◽  
Guangyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Global Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Spiritual Wellness ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Park Visitation ◽  
Park Design

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 33 million confirmed cases and over 1 million deaths globally, as of 1 October 2020. During the lockdown and restrictions placed on public activities and gatherings, green spaces have become one of the only sources of resilience amidst the coronavirus pandemic, in part because of their positive effects on psychological, physical and social cohesion and spiritual wellness. This study analyzes the impacts of COVID-19 and government response policies to the pandemic on park visitation at global, regional and national levels and assesses the importance of parks during this global pandemic. The data we collected primarily from Google’s Community Mobility Reports and the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker. The results for most countries included in the analysis show that park visitation has increased since February 16th, 2020 compared to visitor numbers prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Restrictions on social gathering, movement, and the closure of workplace and indoor recreational places, are correlated with more visits to parks. Stay-at-home restrictions and government stringency index are negatively associated with park visits at a global scale. Demand from residents for parks and outdoor green spaces has increased since the outbreak began, and highlights the important role and benefits provided by parks, especially urban and community parks, under the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide recommendations for park managers and other decision-makers in terms of park management and planning during health crises, as well as for park design and development. In particular, parks could be utilized during pandemics to increase the physical and mental health and social well-being of individuals.

scholarly journals Computational Repurposing Model of Curcumin as a Drug

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Roy ◽  
Ratul Bhowmik ◽  
Shatarupa Seth ◽  
Snigdha Bhattacharyya ◽  
Sounok Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Rational Drug Design ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rational Drug

Viral diseases continue to be a public threat on a global scale day by day and the world is in a continuing battle with the novel deadly viral Diseases and with no prompt medicines accessible the scourge brought about by the disease is expanding step by step. The ongoing need to develop new antiviral drugs with fewer side-effects and that are effective against viral pathogens has spurred the research community to invest in various drug discovery strategies, one of which is drug repurposing the methods of finding most promising existing compounds which has able to give best positive effects against viral infections. We present a docking?based screening using a quantum mechanical scoring of drug Curcumin with Proteins with PDB id’s 4B3V, 5LK0, 6BM8, 4QUZ, 6SJV, 1JLF, 5EG7, 7K40 could display antiviral activity against Rubella, Hanta, Herpes, Noro, papilloma, HIV, Influenza, COVID19. Clearly, these compounds should be further evaluated in experimental assays and clinical trials to confirm their actual activity against the viral disease. We hope that repurposing of the drug from our recommendation may contribute to the rational drug design against the above viruses.

Features of shadowing the sphere of information and communication services at the national and regional levels

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Roman Yaremchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Level

Based on the assessment of the features and basic preconditions for the shadowing of ICT services in the regions of Ukraine, it is substantiated that a significant level of its shadowing, especially in the IT sector, is an unfavorable factor that limits the positive effects and structural changes in Ukraine’s socio-economic system and also hinders the most complete and effective realization of its development potential. It is established that lack of effective judicial system and specialized standard and legal base, and also the low level of ICT services domestic market development and generally low investment appeal of our country’s economic system remains the main obstacles which hinder the achievement of the high level of the Ukrainian ICT sector development and increase in competitiveness of its services on a global scale. It leads not only to the deepening lag of the ICT services sector of Ukraine from its main competitors on a global scale, but also to maintaining a high level of its shadowing, which negatively affects the prospects of the national economy and increasing the efficiency of its potential in ensuring economic development of the regions of Ukraine. The maximum positive impact of the ICT services sector in the development of the economic system is possible only if it, in addition to increasing its competitiveness in the global IT market, will contribute to the growth and improvement of the domestic IT market through the implementation of experience gained in the economic systems of developed countries in creation and introduction of modern innovative technologies, products, methods of organization and management of business processes. The positive impact of the ICT services sector on the internal IT market development in Ukraine is significantly limited by numerous regulatory and economic barriers, which together with the high level of the shadow economy, both in the ICT services sector and in the economic system of Ukraine in general, noticeably reduce its investment attractiveness for foreign and domestic investors. According to the assessment of the shadow economy level in the ICT services sector of Ukraine in 2013-2018 by the method of unprofitable enterprises, the interdependence between changes in the level of the shadow economy in ICT services sector and some parameters of its productivity in the economic system is defined. It allowed to find out the main reasons for the shadowing and the threats of its growth in the ICT services sector in Ukraine, and also to identify possible ways to overcome them in the near future.

Effects of a production improvement programme on global quality performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjørn H. Netland ◽  
Ebly Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Global Scale ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Production Improvement ◽  
Improvement Programme ◽  
Using Data

Purpose – How can multinational companies become more productive on a global scale? The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a production improvement programme can improve quality performance in a global network of factories. Specifically, the paper analyses the effects of the Volvo Group's production improvement programme on global quality performance. Design/methodology/approach – The research approach is a case study of the Volvo Production System (VPS). The paper analyses the effects of the programme on global quality performance, using data from an implementation audit and a questionnaire survey. The paper triangulate the analysis with longitudinal quality performance data from three different plants. Findings – The paper finds a significant and strong positive relationship between implementation of the VPS and improvements in both process quality and product quality. Hence, the paper suggests that tailored production improvement programmes have clear positive effects on global quality performance. Research limitations/implications – As with all case studies, the paper should use caution when generalising beyond the specific case. However, the Volvo Group is a broad and diversified corporation, which mitigates this limitation. Originality/value – While many studies have investigated the effect of production improvement programmes on performance, very few have looked at the effect of a corporate multi-plant programme. This study represents one of the first attempts to do so. The paper also provides a case description of the VPS that readers might find valuable in its own right.

The Search for Global CO2 etc. ‘Greenhouse Effects’

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherwood B. Idso
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Earth’S Atmosphere ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Natural Variations ◽  
Earth's Atmosphere ◽  
Greenhouse Effects

The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in Earth's atmosphere has been steadily increasing since the inception of the Industrial Revolution. Believed to be due primarily to the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of forests, this phenomenon has two potential consequences of global importance.Many scientists believe that the CO2 increases projected for Earth's atmosphere by the middle of the next century will lead to a significant warming of the planet which could severely impact world agriculture and cause a melting of polar ice which would greatly raise sea-levels and lead to the flooding of coastal lowlands. Others, however, point to the demonstrable positive effects of elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2 on plant productivity and wateruse efficiency, suggesting that more CO2 in the air will be beneficial to The Biosphere. Against this backlog of controversy, scientists of both persuasions have attempted the ‘first detection’ of either or both of these effects on a global scale.With respect to the quest for a climatic ‘signal’, numerous studies conducted to date have come up emptyhanded; it is just not discernible from the natural variations inherent in the data. However, there does appear to be a manifestation of enhanced global photosynthetic activity in the yearly amplitude of atmospheric CO2 concentrations at a number of sites around the world; and the most logical explanation of that seems to be the CO2-induced enhancement of plant growth and development which has been demonstrated to occur in hundreds of laboratory and field experiments.

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