scholarly journals Preoperative Anemia is Associated with Increased Intraoperative Mortality in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. e267-e267
Author(s):  
Arwa Z. Al-Riyami ◽  
Balan Baskaran ◽  
Sathiya M. Panchatcharam ◽  
Hilal Al-Sabti

Objectives: We sought to investigate the incidence of preoperative anemia in cardiac surgery and its association with outcomes. Methods: A retrospective review of clinical, laboratory, and transfusion data for all patients who underwent cardiac surgery at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital between 2008 and 2014 was performed. Patients were divided into two groups, anemic and non-anemic, with anemia defined as hemoglobin levels < 13 g/dL (males) and < 12 g/dL (females). Clinical variables were compared using chi-square and independent t-test. Factors influencing preoperative mortality were analyzed using multivariate binary logistics regression. Results: A total of 599 patients (69.9% males and 30.1% females) were included in the study; 69.3% underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. Preoperative anemia was found in 76.1% of females and 26.7% of male patients. Rates of intraoperative red blood cell transfusions were higher among anemic patients (75.9% vs. 52.3%, p < 0.001). Anemic patients had a worse risk profile with higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (53.8% vs. 38.9%, p < 0.001), congestive heart failure (51.4% vs. 28.3%, p < 0.001), arrhythmia (16.5% vs. 8.6%, p =0.004), and cerebrovascular disease (10.0% vs. 4.9%, p =0.015). In addition, they had a higher risk of overall mortality (6.4% vs. 2.6%, p =0.023). Preoperative anemia remained a risk factor for intraoperative mortality after logistic regression (odds ratio = 4.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.43–11.66; p= 0.009). Conclusions: Preoperative anemia in cardiac surgery is independently associated with increased intraoperative mortality and early readmission rates post-surgery.

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. Niemi ◽  
A. H. Kuitunen ◽  
J. Haukka ◽  
M. Lepäntalo

Background and Aims: The purpose of this study was to search predictors of red blood cell transfusions in peripheral vascular surgical patients. Material and Methods: All the patients who undergone infrainguinal bypass surgery at Helsinki University Hospital in the year 2000 were included. Of 266 records 261 (98%) were available for data review. Multiple stepwise regression model was created to identify independent predictors of blood use. Results and Conclusions: 174 (67%) of the patients received red blood cell transfusion. The lowest measured mean (SD) haemoglobin was 94 (11) g/l intraoperatively and 92 (± 10) g/l on the first two postoperative days. The median (range) number of units was 3 (1–19). Multivariate analysis showed that high age (p = 0.019), small body surface area (p = 0.017), low preoperative haemoglobin (p<0.001), blood loss (p<0.001), long lasting surgery (p<0.001), reoperation (p = 0.018), femoro-distal reconstruction (p = 0.048) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.023) increased the risk to receive red blood cell transfusion. The frequent use of antithrombotic medication (72% of the patients) did not significantly increase red blood cell administration. The generous use of red blood cells despite relative safe haemoglobin levels indicates a need for a standardized multidisciplinary transfusion strategy in this patient population. Otherwise, most of the predictors for red blood cell administration were nonmodifiable.


2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Karkouti ◽  
Duminda N. Wijeysundera ◽  
Terrence M. Yau ◽  
Stuart A. McCluskey ◽  
Christopher T. Chan ◽  
...  

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery is a major health issue. Two important risk factors for AKI are preoperative anemia and perioperative erythrocyte transfusion, and elucidating their relationship may help in devising preventive strategies. Methods In this cohort study of 12,388 adults who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and received three units or less of erythrocytes on the day of surgery, the authors used propensity score methods and conditional logistic regression to explore the relationship between preoperative anemia (hemoglobin less than 12.5 g/dL), erythrocyte transfusion on the day of surgery, and AKI (more than 50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate from preoperative to postoperative day 3-4). Results AKI occurred in 4.1% of anemic patients (n = 94/2,287) and 1.6% of nonanemic patients (n = 162 of 10,101) (P &lt; 0.0001). In the 2,113 propensity-score matched pairs, anemic patients had higher AKI rates than nonanemic patients (3.8% vs. 2.0%; P = 0.0007). AKI rates increased in direct proportion to the amount of erythrocytes transfused, and this increase was more pronounced in anemic patients: in anemic patients, the rate increased from 1.8% among those not transfused to 6.6% among those transfused three units (chi-square test for trend P &lt; 0.0001), whereas in nonanemic patients, it increased from 1.7% among those not transfused to 3.2% among those transfused three units (chi-square test for trend P = 0.1). Conclusions Anemic patients presenting for cardiac surgery are more susceptible to transfusion-related AKI than nonanemic patients. Interventions that reduce perioperative transfusions may protect anemic patients against AKI.


Author(s):  
Debora Ferreira da Cruz ◽  
Elbanir Rosangela Ferreira de Sousa ◽  
Claudia Elizabeth de Almeida

Objectives: The study’s main purpose has been to identify both pre and postoperative risk factors related to the development of mediastinitis among patients who underwent cardiac surgery at a hospital from the Rio de Janeiro city. Furthermore, to characterize the study population and to analyze the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of mediastinitis in patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Methods: It is a descriptive and retrospective study with a quantitative approach, where there were identified the risk factors related to the development of mediastinitis in patients who underwent cardiac surgery at a university hospital from the Rio de Janeiro State. Results: There were obtained a total of 192 patients, mostly males, within the age group from 50 to 69 years old and overweight. Diabetes mellitus and smoking were the most frequent comorbidities, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery was the most performed surgery, 4 patients had mediastinitis. Conclusion: The identification of such factors contributes to the elaboration of prevention strategies for mediastinitis, and the implementation of nursing care in both pre and postoperative periods of cardiac surgeries.


2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Arūnas Valaika ◽  
Gintaras Kalinauskas ◽  
Robertas Samalavičius ◽  
Loreta Ivaškevičienė ◽  
Gediminas Norkūnas ◽  
...  

Arūnas Valaika1, Gintaras Kalinauskas1, Robertas Samalavičius2, Loreta Ivaškevičienė1, Gediminas Norkūnas1, Jurgis Verižnikovas3, Giedrius Uždavinys11 Vilniaus universiteto Širdies chirurgijos centras,Santariškių g. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius2 Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santariškių klinikų Anesteziologijos,intensyvios terapijos ir skausmo gydymo centras, Santariškių g. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius3 Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santariškių klinikų Širdies chirurgijos centras,Santariškių g. 2, LT-08661 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas Vidinė krūtinės arterija (VKA), naudojama aortos vainikinių jungčių (AVJ) operacijoms, vėlyvuoju laikotarpiu funkcionuoja geriau nei autoveninės (AV) jungtys. Stipininės arterijos (SA) reikšmė AVJ chirurgijoje dar nėra visiškai apibrėžta. Ligoniai ir metodai Vilniaus širdies chirurgijos centruose nuo 1997 m. balandžio 1 d. iki 2006 m. gruodžio 31 d. 607 ligoniai buvo operuoti naudojant VKA, SA ir autovenas. Retrospektyviai buvo įvertinti šių operacijų vėlesnio laikotarpio rezultatai. Rezultatai 89% ligonių buvo 0–1 funkcinės klasės po 5 metų, 72% – po 7 metų. Praėjus 37 ± 28 mėnesio po operacijos angiografiškai ištirti 73 simptominiai ligoniai. Paaiškėjo, kad veikia 67 iš 75 (89%) VKA, 70 iš 88 (80%) SA ir 71 iš 112 (63%) autoveninių anastomozių. Vidutinis zonduotų ligonių amžius buvo 57 ± 10 metų. Vyriškos lyties ligonių buvo 68 (93%) moteriškos – 5 (7%). Vidutinis anastomozių skaičius vienam ligoniui buvo 3,7 ± 1,2, o SA atlikta 1,3 ± 0,7 anastomozių. Išvados SA jungtys vėlyvuoju laikotarpiu gali funkcionuoti geriau ar bent ne blogiau negu autoveninės jungtys, bet šiuo metu dar reikia daugiau duomenų, visiškai patvirtinančių šį teiginį. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: stipininės arterijos jungtys, aortos vainikinių jungčių operacija The usage of radial artery in coronary artery bypass surgery – midterm results Arūnas Valaika1, Gintaras Kalinauskas1, Robertas Samalavičius2, Loreta Ivaškevičienė1, Gediminas Norkūnas1, Jurgis Verižnikovas3, Giedrius Uždavinys11 Vilnius University, Cardiac Surgery Centre,Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania2 Vilnius University Hospital „Santariškių klinikos“, Anesthesiology,Intensive Care and Pain Management Center, Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania3 Vilnius University Hospital „Santariškių klinikos“, Cardiac Surgery Centre,Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Objective Long-term studies have shown that internal thoracic artery (ITA) has a higher patency rate compared with saphenous veins grafts (SVG). The role of radial artery (RA) as a conduit for myocardial revascularization procedures should still be defined. Methods The study was designed as a retrospective investigation to evaluate the use of radial artery graft in patients referred to coronary revascularisation. From April 1, 1997 to December 31, 2006, 607 patients (pts) were operated on using RA, ITA and SVG. Results 93% of patients were in CCS functional class 0 or 1 five years and 72% seven year following surgery. Angiographic evaluation was performed in 73 symptomatic patients 37 ± 28 months after surgery. Patent ITA anastamosis was found in 67 cases of 75 (89%), RA in 70 of 88 (80%) and SVG in 71 of 112 (63%). The mean age of the patients was 58 ± 9 years. There were 68 (93%) male and 5 (7%) female patients. The average distal anastomosis per patient was 3.7 ± 1.2 and RA grafts 1.2 ± 0.5. Conclusions Radial artery is a good conduit for myocardial revascularization: the harvesting technique is simple, it has a good length to achieve the distal parts of all coronary arteries. Midterm results of RA patency tend to be satisfactory. Key words: radial artery graft, coronary artery bypass grafting


2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (05) ◽  
pp. 384-388
Author(s):  
Philipp Kolat ◽  
Patricia Guttenberger ◽  
Michael Ried ◽  
Julia Kapahnke ◽  
Assad Haneya ◽  
...  

Background Despite improvements in diagnostics and perioperative care, readmission to intensive care unit (ICU) after cardiac surgery is still a severe drawback for patients with considerable morbidity, mortality, and costs. Aim of this retrospective analysis was to disentangle independent risk factors for ICU readmission. Material and Methods Between 01/2004 and 12/2012, 336 out of 9,555 (3.5%) patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery in Regensburg (Germany) were readmitted to ICU. A matched-pair analysis (readmission vs control group) was conducted, matching for gender, age, and surgical procedure. Operations included coronary artery bypass grafting, valve reconstruction/replacement, aortic surgery, combined procedures, and others. Mean follow-up was 6.2 ± 2.3 years. Results Median age of the readmitted patients was 71 years (65; 76), and the majority was male (67.9%). Median logistic Euroscore as a parameter for perioperative risk was significantly higher as compared with the control group (5.8 vs 5.2, p = 0.045) as was the prevalence of comorbidities including hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prior myocardial infarction, stroke, and PAOD. Most common reasons for readmission were cardiopulmonary instability (27.4%), respiratory failure (20.8%), and surgery for deep sternal infection (8.6%). Twenty-one percent required more than one readmission. Overall mortality was significantly higher in readmitted patients (21.1 vs 12.5%). Conclusions In conclusion, readmission to the ICU after cardiac surgery is a rare complication that is still associated with excessive mortality. Establishment of an intermediate care unit proved to be an excellent means to reduce ICU stay without endangering post-surgery patients and significantly reduced the ICU readmission rate.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Tlili ◽  
H Sridi ◽  
M Akouri ◽  
W Aouicha ◽  
A Belgacem ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Surgical teams rely on gloves as a barrier that can prevent transmission of microorganisms from the practitioners to the patient and from patient to surgical team. However, holes and micro-perforations may occur in gloving material exposing both patients and surgical team members to several complications. This study aimed to investigate the gloves' perforation rate and the factors associated with glove defect. Methods It is descriptive cross-sectional study. It was spread over a period of 3 months (January-March 2017) and was conducted at the University Hospital of Sahloul-Sousse (Tunisia) in three different surgical departments (urology, maxillofacial and general and digestive surgery). A data collection sheet was used by the researchers to collect data about the intervention and the surgical teams such the type and the duration of the intervention and the type of gloves used by the surgical teams. The post-surgery gloves were collected and tested to detect perforations using the water-leak test as described in the European Norm “NF EN 455-1”. For percentage comparison, the chi-square test was used with a significance threshold of 5%. Results A total of 284 gloves were collected from 36 procedures. Of these, 47 were found to be perforated with a perforation rate of 16.5%. All perforations were unnoticed by the surgical team members. The majority of perforated gloves (61.7%) were collected after urology procedures (p = 0.00005), 77% of perforated gloves were detected when the duration of the procedure exceeded 90 minutes (p = 0.001), and 96% of gloves were from brand A, which were the thicker gloves (p = 0.015) Conclusions This study highlighted an important problem neglected by the surgical teams, despite the risks that it can generate and its potentially severe consequences. In light of this study, we recommend systematic double-gloving and frequent changing of gloves to prevent the gloves' perforation and reduce its risks. Key messages Surgical teams must be aware of the importance of the problem of gloves perforation. The findings reaffirm the importance of double-gloving and changing gloves in surgeries of more than 90 minutes duration.


2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Robertas Samalavičius ◽  
Irina Misiūrienė ◽  
Karolis Urbonas ◽  
Ieva Norkienė ◽  
Gintaras Kalinauskas ◽  
...  

Robertas Samalavičius1, Irina Misiūrienė1, Karolis Urbonas1, Ieva Norkienė1, Gintaras Kalinauskas2, Gediminas Norkūnas2, Arūnas Valaika2, Alis Baublys11 Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santariškių klinikų Anesteziologijos,intensyvios terapijos ir skausmo gydymo centras, Santariškių g. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius2 Vilniaus universiteto Širdies chirurgijos centras,Santariškių g. 2, LT-08661 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Šio darbo tikslas buvo nustatyti padidėjusios laktatų koncentracijos miokardo revaskuliarizavimo operacijų metu dažnį ir įvertinti šio rodiklio galimybes prognozuojant pooperacinį mirštamumą ir pooperacinių komplikacijų kilimą. Ligoniai ir metodai Nuo 2003 m. sausio 5 d. iki 2003 m. gruodžio 31 d. mūsų klinikose atlikta 600 vainikinių arterijų apeinamųjų jungčių suformavimo operacijų dirbtinės kraujo apytakos sąlygomis. Šie ligoniai ir sudarė tiriamąją grupę. Laktatų koncentracija plazmoje buvo nustatoma prieš prijungiant dirbtinę kraujo apytaką, prieš atleidžiant aortą, neutralizavus hepariną protaminsulfatu ir ligonio atkėlimo po operacijos į Intensyvios terapijos skyrių metu. Rezultatai Didesnė nei 5 mmol/l laktatų koncentracija plazmoje buvo nustatyta 2,5% ligonių dirbtinės kraujotakos metu, 6,7% – protamino neutralizavimo metu ir 10,8% – atvykimo į Intensyviosios terapijos skyrių metu. Ligonių, kurių laktatų koncentracija kraujyje buvo didesnė nei 5 mmol/l, mirštamumas siekė 19,3% ir 59,6%, taip pat jiems pooperaciniu laikotarpiu pasitaikė komplikacijų, o ligonių, kurių laktatų koncentracija mažesnė, mirštamumas buvo 3,2%, ir tik 10,3% jų pooperaciniu laikotarpiu pasitaikė komplikacijų. Išvados Laktatų koncentracija plazmoje po kardiochirurginių operacijų gana dažnai padidėja. Didesnė nei 5 mmol/l laktatų koncentracija kraujyje buvo daugiau nei 10% pacientų atvykimo į Intensyviosios terapijos skyrių po miokardo revaskuliarizavimo operacijų metu. Padidėjusi laktatų koncentracija poperfuziniu laikotarpiu leidžia nustatyti, kurių ligonių operacinio mirštamumo ir komplikacijų susidarymo rizika gerokai didesnė. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: laktatai, rizikos veiksniai, mirštamumas, pooperacinės komplikacijos Serum lactate level as predictor of mortality and morbidity following coronary artery bypass grafting Robertas Samalavičius1, Irina Misiūrienė1, Karolis Urbonas1, Ieva Norkienė1, Gintaras Kalinauskas2, Gediminas Norkūnas2, Arūnas Valaika2, Alis Baublys11 Vilnius University Hospital „Santariškių klinikos“, Center of Anesthesia,Intensive Care and Pain Management, Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania2 Vilnius University , Heart Surgery Center,Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objective Risk stratification for predicting mortality and morbidity is widely used in cardiac surgery. However, prediction of individual outcome shortly after cardiac surgery is difficult. Postoperative hyperlactemia has been related to an increased rate of postoperative complications and increased mortality following cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of intraoperative and postoperative hyperlactemia and to assess the value of serum lactate level in predicting mortality and morbidity following surgery. Patients and methods 600 consecutive CABG from January 5, 2003 to December 30, 2003 at the Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics were investigated. Serume lactate levels were measured before cardiopulmonary bypass, before declamping of the aorta, after heparin neutralization and at ICU admission. Morbidity was defined as the presence of one or more of the following categories of complications: cardiac, pulmonary, neurological and renal. Results Lactate level greater than 5 mmol/l was found in 2.5% of patients during cardiopulmonary bypass, in 6.7% of patients shortly after weaning from CPB, and in 10.8% of patients on ICU admission. The mortality rate of patients with hyperlactemia at ICU admission was 19.3% and morbidity 59.6%. The mortality rate of patients without hyperlactemia was 3.2% and morbidity 10.3%. Conclusions Hyperlactemia was quite frequent following cardiac surgery. Increased lactate levels (> 5 mmol/l) were found in more than 10% of patients following CABG surgery on ICU admission. Increased serum lactate levels following coronary artery bypass grafting identifies a group of patients with an increased risk of postoperative mortality and morbidity. Key words: hyperlactemia, outcomes, morbidity, mortality


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary G. Carey ◽  
Brandon W. Qualls ◽  
Colleen Burgoyne

Background Subjecting patients to stress has potentially detrimental effects on their physical and psychological recovery. Objective To identify stress-generating experiences that occur in an intensive care unit for patients after cardiac surgery. Methods A sample of 16 patients in a 14-bed cardiovascular intensive care unit at a university hospital in upstate New York completed a questionnaire (based on an established survey) asking them to rate 23 experiences on a Likert scale of 0 to 4. All patients were adults and had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery. After surgery, they were extubated and completed the questionnaire within 12 to 24 hours. Results Patients reported pain to be the most stressful experience, followed by presence of an endotracheal tube and sleeplessness. Conclusions With pain, endotracheal intubation, and sleeplessness identified as highly distressing to patients, further research can be done to elicit interventions that could alleviate some of the stress involved with a postoperative stay in an intensive care unit.


2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. E248-E254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Baki Altinsoy ◽  
Ozkan Alatas ◽  
Salih Colak ◽  
Hakan Atalay ◽  
Omer Faruk Dogan

Background: Cardiovascular complications that can cause severe catastrophic outcomes for both the mother and the fetus are rarely seen during pregnancy. Time to diagnosis is often delayed by a low degree of suspicion and atypical presentation. We report surgical strategies in three pregnant women with cardiovascular complications. Methods: A retrospective search from 2009 to 2016 identified three pregnant women who underwent urgent cardiac surgery. We used extracorporeal circulation (ECC) without cesarean section with careful follow-up of the fetuses during the perioperative and postoperative period. We used levosimendan as a potent inodilator in all patients to increase feto-placental blood flow and fetal heart rhythm.Results: Median time to diagnosis was 23.8 h (range 11.7-120 h) and median time from diagnosis to arrival in the operating theater was 9.8 h (range 7.4-19.8 h). One patient with prosthetic heart valve thrombosis underwent concomitant cesarean section prior to cardiac surgery. In a young pregnant woman who had spontaneous dissection of the left anterior descending artery, on-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting was performed without cross clamping. Two and three months after surgery, cesarean sections were performed without any complication in two pregnant women.Conclusion: Because unusual cardiovascular complications are the main cause of maternal and/or fetus death during pregnancy, prompt and exact diagnosis is very important. Life-saving surgical strategy with the help of appropriate teams are necessary to optimize outcome for both mother and baby.


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