scholarly journals Expression of Toll-like Receptors, Pro-, and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Relation to Gut Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The Evidence for Its Micro-organic Basis

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratnakar Shukla ◽  
Ujjala Ghoshal ◽  
Prabhat Ranjan ◽  
Uday C Ghoshal
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Organic Basis ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Bifico Relieves Irritable Bowel Syndrome By Regulating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inflammatory Cytokines in an Animal Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlin Zhou ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Liqi Mao ◽  
Tongfei Feng ◽  
Kaijie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Abstract Gut microbiota dysbiosis, a core pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is closely related to immunological and metabolic functions. Gut microbiota-based therapeutics have been recently explored in several studies. Bifico is a probiotic cocktail widely used in gastrointestinal disorders which relate to the imbalance of gut microbiota. However, the efficacy and potential mechanisms of Bifico treatment in IBS remains incompletely understood. In this animal experiment, IBS mice received Bifico by intragastric administration. Subsequently, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores showed a protective effect of Bifico in IBS mice. Then 16S rDNA, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and western blot assays were performed to analyze alterations of gut microbiota, microbiome metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Results suggested that while Bifico did not increase gut microbial diversity, it could change the composition of gut microbiota which were characterized by an increase of Proteobacteria phylum and Actinobacteria phylum, Muribaculum genera, Bifidobacterium genera and a decrease of Parabacteroides genera, Sutterella genera and Lactobacillus genera. Moreover, Bifico elevated the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and reduced protein levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). From further Spearman's correlation analysis, Bifidobacterium genera were positively correlated with SCFAs including propionate, butyrate, valerate and negatively correlated with IL-6 and TNF-α. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Bifico could alleviate symptoms of IBS mice through regulation of the gut microbiota, elevating production of SCFAs and reducing the colonic inflammatory response. Therefore, Bifico may have utility in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Targeted therapy of irritable bowel syndrome with anti-inflammatory cytokines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Priyanka Singh ◽  
Awanish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
English Language ◽  
Molecular Regulation ◽  
Search Term ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial disease of which infection, as well as inflammation, has recently been considered as an important cause. Inflammation works as a potential pathway for the pathogenesis of IBS. In this review, we have discussed the targeted therapy of IBS. We used the search term “inflammation in IBS” and “proinflammatory” and “antiinflammatory cytokines and IBS” using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. The literature search included only articles written in the English language. We have also reviewed currently available anti-inflammatory treatment and future perspectives. Cytokine imbalance in the systematic circulation and the intestinal mucosa may also characterize IBS presentation. Imbalances of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and polymorphisms in cytokine genes have been reported in IBS. The story of targeted therapy of IBS with anti-inflammatory cytokines is far from complete and it seems that it has only just begun. This review describes the key issues related to pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with IBS, molecular regulation of immune response in IBS, inhibitors of pro-inflammatory cytokines in IBS, and clinical perspectives of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in IBS.

scholarly journals Altered Gut Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Its Association with Food Components

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Zahra A. Barandouzi ◽  
Joochul Lee ◽  
Kendra Maas ◽  
Angela R. Starkweather ◽  
Xiaomei S. Cong
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Irritable Bowel

The interplay between diet and gut microbiota has gained interest as a potential contributor in pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The purpose of this study was to compare food components and gut microbiota patterns between IBS patients and healthy controls (HC) as well as to explore the associations of food components and microbiota profiles. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 young adults with IBS and 21 HC recruited. The food frequency questionnaire was used to measure food components. Fecal samples were collected and profiled by 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing. Food components were similar in both IBS and HC groups, except in caffeine consumption. Higher alpha diversity indices and altered gut microbiota were observed in IBS compared to the HC. A negative correlation existed between total observed species and caffeine intake in the HC, and a positive correlation between alpha diversity indices and dietary fiber in the IBS group. Higher alpha diversity and gut microbiota alteration were found in IBS people who consumed caffeine more than 400 mg/d. Moreover, high microbial diversity and alteration of gut microbiota composition in IBS people with high caffeine consumption may be a clue toward the effects of caffeine on the gut microbiome pattern, which warrants further study.

Evidence from comparative genomic analyses indicating that Lactobacillus-mediated irritable bowel syndrome alleviation is mediated by the conjugated linoleic acid synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Wei Xiao ◽  
Leilei Yu ◽  
Fengwei Tian ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Genomic Analyses ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic intestinal disorder accompanied by low-grade inflammation, visceral hypersensitivity, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Several studies have indicated that Lactobacillus supplementation can help to alleviate...

scholarly journals Of bowels, brain and behavior: A role for the gut microbiota in psychiatric comorbidities in irritable bowel syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Wilmes ◽  
James M. Collins ◽  
Kenneth J. O'Riordan ◽  
Siobhain M. O’Mahony ◽  
John F. Cryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidities ◽  
Brain And Behavior ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activities of a Chinese Herbal Formula IBS-20In VitroandIn Vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghan Yang ◽  
Viktoriya Grinchuk ◽  
Siu Po Ip ◽  
Chun-Tao Che ◽  
Harry H. S. Fong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder and the etiology is not well understood. Currently there is no cure for IBS and no existing medication induces symptom relief in all patients. IBS-20 is a 20-herb Chinese medicinal formula that offers beneficial effects in patients with IBS; however, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. This study showed that IBS-20 potently inhibited LPS- or IFNΓ-stimulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as classically activated macrophage marker nitric oxide synthase 2. Similarly, IBS-20 or the component herbCoptis chinensisdecreased LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion from JAWS II dendritic cells. IBS-20 or the component herbs also blocked or attenuated the IFNΓ-induced drop in transepithelial electric resistance, an index of permeability, in fully differentiated Caco-2 monolayer. Finally, the up-regulation of key inflammatory cytokines in inflamed colon from TNBS-treated mice was suppressed significantly by orally administrated IBS-20, including IFNΓ and IL-12p40. These data indicate that the anti-inflammatory activities of IBS-20 may contribute to the beneficial effects of the herbal extract in patients with IBS, providing a potential mechanism of action for IBS-20. In addition, IBS-20 may be a potential therapeutic agent against other Th1-dominant gut pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease.

scholarly journals Integrative analysis of the gut microbiome and metabolome in a rat model with stress induced irritable bowel syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Haiyong Ye ◽  
Bin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Irritable Bowel

AbstractStress is one of the major causes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is well-known for perturbing the microbiome and exacerbating IBS-associated symptoms. However, changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in response to colorectal distention (CRD), combined with restraint stress (RS) administration, remains unclear. In this study, CRD and RS stress were used to construct an IBS rat model. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the microbiota in ileocecal contents. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS assay was used to characterize the metabolome of gut microbiota. As a result, significant gut microbial dysbiosis was observed in stress-induced IBS rats, with the obvious enrichment of three and depletion of 11 bacterial taxa in IBS rats, when compared with those in the control group (q < 0.05). Meanwhile, distinct changes in the fecal metabolic phenotype of stress-induced IBS rats were also found, including five increased and 19 decreased metabolites. Furthermore, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were the main metabolic pathways induced by IBS stress. Moreover, the altered gut microbiota had a strong correlation with the changes in metabolism of stress-induced IBS rats. Prevotella bacteria are correlated with the metabolism of 1-Naphthol and Arg.Thr. In conclusion, the gut microbiome, metabolome and their interaction were altered. This may be critical for the development of stress-induced IBS.

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