scholarly journals Antibacterial Susceptibility Patterns of Common Bacterial Species Associated with Urinary Tract Infections in Patients Attending Kam Medical and Diagnostic Centre, Kampala Uganda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gerald Turyatunga
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Diagnostic Centre ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as the presence of microbial pathogens within the urinary tract. It is primarily caused by Escherichia coli (E.coli), accounting for 75% of all bacterial UTI cases. Bacteria such Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis have also been reported as causative agents. The study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Uropathogenic bacteria in urine samples of patients with suspected UTI in Kam Medical and the diagnostic Centre.  Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study where 120 urinary samples from Kam Medical and Diagnostic Centre in 2019. The urine specimens were cultured on CLED (Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte – Deficient) and blood agar media. Kirby-Bauer’s standard disk diffusion method was applied to test the susceptibility of the drug for Mueller-Hinton culture agar plates. Results: All 120 patients suspected of UTI had bacterial pathogen causing UTI. Among the urinary pathogens, Escherichia coli was the most common in 85/120 (70.8%) of the patients followed by S.aureus 13/120 (10.8 %), Klebsiella spp 4/120 (9.2%), Enterococcus spp with 4/120 3.3 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 4/120 (3.3%) and Proteus with 3/120 (2.5%). According to the results of the antibiogram, the highest resistance was observed for Nalidixic acid (64.2%), Ampicillin (61.7%), and Cotrimoxazole (54.2 %). The highest susceptibility (antibiotic sensitivity) was observed with imipenem (97.5%), Nitrofurantoin (49.2 %), Ciprofloxacin (45.8%), and Clotrimazole (44.2 %) Conclusion and recommendations:  The bacterial pathogens associated with UTIs in this study were E.coli species, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Enterococcus species, Pseudomonas species, and Proteus species. E.coli was the most common isolate followed by S.aureus, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, and Enterococcus spp, and lastly Proteus spp. The highest levels of bacterial resistance were recorded against first-generation antibiotic drugs. Bacterial isolates in this study were highly susceptible to broad-spectrum, second/ third generation antibiotics drugs.

scholarly journals Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de cepas aisladas de muestras clínicas en el laboratorio del Hospital General Dr. Liborio Panchana Sotomayor

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Patricia Suárez González
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tracheal Aspirate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Santa Elena ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

    La causa principal de la resistencia es el abuso de los antimicrobianos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la resistencia antimicrobiana en aislamientos bacterianos de muestras biológicas de pacientes que acuden al hospital de Santa Elena (Ecuador) en 2017. Se efectuó un estudio retrospectivo correspondiente a los principales agentes infecciosos aislados de muestras de pacientes del área de la Península de Santa Elena. Las cepas aisladas fueron analizadas por el método difusión Kirby-Bauer. Escherichia coli se destacó como principal agente causal, seguida por Klebsiella spp. Se aislaron en mayor proporción de infecciones del tracto urinario tanto en pacientes hospitalarios como la comunidad. En el caso de los aislamientos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa provinieron de exudados óticos en pacientes ambulatorios, mientras que en pacientes hospitalizados se aislaron de muestras de aspirados traqueales. Staphylococcus aureus fue identificado en muestras de hemocultivo.   Palabras clave: Escherichia coli, sensibilidad, antibióticos, betalactamasas.   Abstract The main cause of resistance is the abuse of antimicrobials. The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance in bacterial isolates from biological samples of patients who attended the Santa Elena hospital (Ecuador) in 2017. A retrospective study was carried out corresponding to the main infectious agents isolated from samples of patients in the area of the Santa Elena Peninsula. The isolated strains were analyzed by the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. Escherichia coli stood out as the main causative agent, followed by Klebsiella spp. They were isolated in a higher proportion of urinary tract infections both in hospital patients and in the community. In the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, they came from otic exudates in outpatients, while in hospitalized patients they were isolated from tracheal aspirate samples. Staphylococcus aureus was identified in blood culture samples.   Keywords: Escherichia coli, sensitivity, antibiotics, beta-lactamases.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Urinary Tract Infections among Children with Cerebral Palsy in Makurdi, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Adémólá Anígilájé ◽  
Terkaa Terrumun Bitto
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Age And Sex

Background. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are prone to urinary tract infection (UTI).Methods/Objectives.The prevalence and the predictors of UTI among children with CP were compared to age- and sex-matched children without CP at Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Nigeria, from December 2011 to May 2013.Results. The age range was between 2 and 15 years with a mean age of years including 30 males and 22 females. UTI was confirmed in 20 (38.5%) CP children compared to 2 children (3.8%) without CP ( value 0.000). Among CP children,Escherichia coliwas the commonest organism isolated in 9 (9/20, 45.0%),Streptococcus faecalisin 4 (20.0%), andStaphylococcus aureusin 3 (15%), while bothProteus spp.andKlebsiella spp.were isolated in 2 children (10.0%) each.Escherichia coliwas also found in the 2 children without CP. All the organisms were resistant to cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, and amoxiclav, while they were 100% sensitive to ceftriaxone and the quinolones. In a univariate regression analysis, only moderate to severe gross motor dysfunction predicted the risk of UTI (, 95% CI, 2.27–1324.00, value 0.014).Conclusion. Efforts should be put in place to aid mobility among CP children in order to reduce the risk of UTI.

scholarly journals Community-acquired urinary tract infections: Causative agents and their resistance to antimicrobial drugs

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1109-1115
Author(s):  
Zorana Djordjevic ◽  
Marko Folic ◽  
Slobodan Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background/Aim. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections in outpatients. The aim of this study was to define the causative agents of urinary tract infections and their resistance to antimicrobial drugs in the urban area of central Serbia, as well as to evaluate eventual differences associated with age and gender of the patients. Methods. This retrospective study analysed data taken from routine, consecutively collected urine cultures of outpatients with symptomatic UTIs, collected from the Department of Microbiology, Institute of Public Health in Kragujevac, Serbia, from January 2009 to December 2013. Results. There were 71,905 urine cultures, and 24,713 (34.37%) of them were positive for bacterial pathogens. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (E. coli) (56.56%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (16.20%), Proteus spp. (14.68%), Enterococcus spp. (5.29%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.74%). E. coli and Enterococcus spp. isolation rates were lower in males ? 60 years old (23.71% and 4.87%, respectively), while Klebsiella spp. was more prevalent in this group (32.06%). The most common causative agents isolated from 15?29 years old male patients were Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.28% each). Among women, the isolation rate of E.coli was high in all age groups (around 70%). Proteus spp. was frequently isolated from females ? 14 years old (13.27%), while Klebsiella spp. was the most frequent in the oldest age female group (10.99%). Conclusion. Choice of antibiotics for treatment of UTIs should be governed not only by the local resistance patterns, but also by gender and age of patients.

scholarly journals Bacterial Strains and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in Male Urinary Tract Infections in Duhok Province, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abdulqader Naqid ◽  
Amer A Balatay ◽  
Nawfal Rasheed Hussein ◽  
Hiba Abdulaziz Ahmed ◽  
Kurdistan Abdullah Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases at the community level, worldwide. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the main pathogens responsible for male UTI in the community. Methods: Urine samples were collected from 211 subjects with UTI between January 2017 and February 2020. The samples were inoculated directly on MacConkey and Blood agar and then incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Samples with a colony count of ≥ 105 CFU/mL bacteria were considered positive. Bacterial colonies were determined by standard culture and biochemical characteristics, and their susceptibility to different antibiotics was identified by the Vitek-2 compact equipment. Results: The vast majority of the bacteria were Gram-negative (170 [80.6%]), while 41 (19.4%) of them were Gram-positive. The highest infection was by Escherichia coli (52.6%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.2%). Staphylococcus spp. were the most common Gram-positive bacteria (13.8%). The highest susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates was found to imipenem (96.4%), and the highest resistance rate was to ampicillin (96.4%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to all commonly used antibiotics, and around 86% was susceptible to ertapenem (86.7%). It was also found that Staphylococcus strains were resistant to benzylpenicillin (100%) and sensitive to linezolid (100%), tigecycline (100%), and nitrofurantoin (100%). Conclusions: E. coli isolates were the most frequent pathogens causing UTI in males, followed by P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. The vast majority of isolates were resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics such as ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, benzylpenicillin, oxacillin, and erythromycin. This is an alarming situation, and an urgent plan to control antibacterial resistance is required in the region.

scholarly journals Prevalence of symptomatic urinary tract infection and bacterial spectrum of diabetic and non-diabetic patients at the two teaching hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-488
Author(s):  
C.C. Okwume ◽  
N.F. Onyemelukwe ◽  
I.N. Abdullahi ◽  
O.E. Okoyeocha ◽  
S.D. Asamota
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Infections Urinaires ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorder characterized by relative or absolute lack of insulin. When this condition is not properly managed, it can lead to complications that make diabetic patients vulnerable to urinary tract infections (UTI). The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of microbiologically confirmed UTI and the spectrum of uropathogens in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with clinical features of UTI attending the two tertiary hospitals in Enugu State, Nigeria. Methodology: Clean catch specimen of single mid-stream urine sample was collected from each of 60 (22 males, 38 females) diabetic and 60 (22 males, 38 females) non-diabetic patients enrolled using stratified random sampling method. The samples were cultured on standard microbiological culture media (MacConkey and Blood agar plates) and incubated aerobically at 37◦C for 24 hours. Plates with significant bacteria growth (>105 CFU/ml) were processed further for bacterial identification using conventional biochemical test scheme. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) of each isolate to 17 selected antibiotics was performed by the modified disc diffusion method. Results: Of the total 120 patients enrolled, 101 had bacterial pathogens isolated from their voided urine samples; 51 of 60 (85.0%) diabetics and 50 of 60 (83.3%) non-diabetics (p=0.802). Bacteria were isolated in 59.1% (13/22) of diabetic and 54.5% (12/22) of non-diabetic male patients compared to 100% (38/38) isolation rate in diabetic and non-diabetic female patients. The most frequently isolated bacteria in the diabetic patients were Proteus spp (18.6%), Klebsiella spp (16.9%) and Escherichia coli (15.5%) while the most frequently isolated bacteria among the non-diabetic patients were E. coli (30.0%), Proteus spp (26.3%) and Enterobacter spp (14.0%). Apart from Klebsiella spp which was more frequently isolated from the diabetic (16.9%) than non-diabetic patients (6%) (p=0.039), the frequency other bacterial pathogen isolation such as Proteus spp, E. coli, Enterobacter spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp was not significantly different between the two population groups (p>0.05). The Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were highly sensitive to imipenem in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, but the isolates from both study groups exhibited low susceptibility to amoxicillin, nitrofuran- toin, cefixime and cefuroxime. Conclusion: Although the overall frequency of bacterial pathogen isolation in the diabetic and non-diabetic patients was not significantly different, females had a higher pathogen isolation rate than the males, and diabetic females had a higher frequency of polymicrobial infections compared to non-diabetic females and the male population. The high antimicrobial resistance of the isolated bacteria pathogens underscores the need for clinical microbiology laboratory testings to optimize the management of UTI in diabetic patients.   French title: Prévalence des infections urinaires symptomatiques et spectre bactérien des patients diabétiques et non diabétiques dans les deux hôpitaux universitaires d'Enugu, au Nigeria   Contexte: Le diabète sucré est un groupe de troubles métaboliques caractérisés par un manque relatif ou absolu d'insuline. Lorsque cette condition n'est pas correctement gérée, elle peut entraîner des complications qui rendent les patients diabétiques vulnérables aux infections des voies urinaires (UTI). Les objectifs de cette étude sont de déterminer la prévalence des infections urinaires confirmées microbiologiquement et le spectre des uropathogènes chez les patients diabétiques et non diabétiques présentant des caractéristiques cliniques des infections urinaires fréquentant les deux hôpitaux tertiaires de l'État d'Enugu, au Nigeria. Méthodologie: Un échantillon de capture propre d'un seul échantillon d'urine à mi-jet a été prélevé sur chacun des 60 (22 hommes, 38 femmes) patients diabétiques et 60 (22 hommes, 38 femmes) patients non diabétiques inscrits à l'aide d'une méthode d'échantillonnage aléatoire stratifié. Les échantillons ont été cultivés sur des milieux de culture microbiologiques standard (plaques de gélose MacConkey et Blood) et incubés en aérobie à 37°C pendant 24 heures. Les plaques avec une croissance bactérienne significative (>105 CFU/ml) ont été traitées davantage pour l'identification bactérienne en utilisant un schéma de test biochimique conventionnel. Le test de sensibilité aux antibiotiques (AST) de chaque isolat à 17 antibiotiques sélectionnés a été réalisé par la méthode de diffusion sur disque modifiée. Résultats: Sur un total de 120 patients recrutés, 101 avaient des agents pathogènes bactériens isolés de leurs échantillons d'urine évacués; 51 des 60 (85,0%) diabétiques et 50 des 60 (83,3%) des non-diabétiques (p=0,802). Les bactéries ont été isolées chez 59,1% (13/22) des patients diabétiques et 54,5% (12/22) des hommes non diabétiques contre un taux d'isolement de 100% (38/38) chez les femmes diabétiques et non diabétiques. Les bactéries les plus fréquemment isolées chez les patients diabétiques étaient Proteus spp (18,6%), Klebsiella spp (16,9%) et Escherichia coli (15,5%) tandis que les bactéries les plus fréquemment isolées chez les patients non diabétiques étaient E. coli (30,0%), Proteus spp (26,3%) et Enterobacter spp (14,0%). Hormis Klebsiella spp qui était plus fréquemment isolé chez les diabétiques (16,9%) que les patients non diabétiques (6%) (p=0,039), la fréquence d'isolement d'autres agents pathogènes bactériens tels que Proteus spp, E. coli, Enterobacter spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus et Enterococcus spp n'étaient pas significativement différents entre les deux groupes de population (p>0,05). Les bactéries Gram-positives et Gram-négatives étaient très sensibles à l'imipénème chez les patients diabétiques et non diabétiques, mais les isolats des deux groupes d'étude présentaient une faible sensibilité à l'amoxicilline, à la nitrofurantoïne, au céfixime et à la céfuroxime. Conclusion: Bien que la fréquence globale d'isolement des agents pathogènes bactériens chez les patients diabétiques et non diabétiques n'était pas significativement différente, les femmes avaient un taux d'isolement des agents pathogènes plus élevé que les hommes, et les femmes diabétiques avaient une fréquence plus élevée d'infections polymicrobiennes par rapport aux femmes non diabétiques. et la population masculine. La haute résistance antimicrobienne des bactéries pathogènes isolées souligne la nécessité de tests de laboratoire de microbiologie clinique pour optimiser la gestion des infections urinaires chez les patients diabétiques.    

scholarly journals Antibacterial Property of Extract of Erveniastrum nepalense (Edible Lichen) Collected from Hilly Regions of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Saraswati Yonghang ◽  
Suman Rai ◽  
Shiv Nandan Sah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Objectives: To evaluate the antibacterial property of Everniastrum nepalense(edible lichen)collected from eastern part of Nepal and determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of lichen extract. Methods: Everniastrum nepalense was collected from local Rai and Limbu community in a plastic bag from four hilly districts (Pachthar, Taplejung, Dhankuta and Bhojpur) of Eastern, NepaMoisture content in lichen samples were removed by air drying and grinded to powdery form. The methanolic extracts of lichens of different places were prepared by solvent extraction process using Soxhlet apparatus and tested against human pathogenic bacteria by disc diffusion method. Then, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of lichen extracts was determined using well diffusion method. Results: The lichens extract against the test bacterial isolates were performed by agar well diffusion method. Overall, it was observed that all these lichen extracts from Eastern Nepal had inhibitory effect on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Out of seven bacterial samples used, all bacterial samples were inhibited by the lichen extracts except Escherichia coli. The effect of lichen extract collected from Bhojpur district had maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi and Klebsiella spp were found to be 13 mm, 14 mm and 14 mm respectively. Similarly, zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis was found to be 17 mm from samples of Dhankuta, which was highest value than other 3 districts viz; Bhojpur, Taplejung and Pachthar District. Likewise, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed highest inhibition value i.e. 18 mm on Pachthar sample whereas, Shigella showed 15 mm on Dhankuta sample. This study revealed that inhibitory capacity of edible lichen (Everniastrum nepalense) against test bacteria was not the same. It varied from place to place. Conclusion: This study has concluded that Everniastrum nepalensehas potential antibacterial property against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Klebsiella spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa except E. coli along with nutritional value and can be used as safe alternative and economic herbal medicine to treat infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Urinary Excretion and Bactericidal Activities of Gemifloxacin and Ofloxacin after a Single Oral Dose in Healthy Volunteers

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 3524-3530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph K. Naber ◽  
Michaela Hammer ◽  
Martina Kinzig-Schippers ◽  
Christian Sauber ◽  
Fritz Sörgel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Parent Drug ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Cumulative Excretion

ABSTRACT In a randomized crossover study, 16 volunteers (8 men, 8 women) received single oral doses of 320 mg of gemifloxacin and 400 mg of ofloxacin on two separate occasions in the fasting state to assess the urinary excretion and urinary bactericidal titers (UBTs) at intervals for up to 144 h. Ofloxacin showed higher concentrations in urine compared with those of gemifloxacin. The median (range) cumulative excretion of gemifloxacin was 29.7% (8.4 to 48.7%) of the parent drug administered, and median (range) cumulative excretion of ofloxacin was 84.3% (46.5 to 95.2%) of the parent drug administered. The UBTs, i.e., the highest twofold dilutions (with antibiotic-free urine as the diluent) of urine that were still bactericidal, were determined for a reference strain and nine uropathogens for which the MICs of gemifloxacin and ofloxacin were as follows:Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, 0.016 and 0.06 μg/ml, respectively; Klebsiella pneumoniae, 0.03 and 0.06 μg/ml, respectively; Proteus mirabilis, 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml, respectively; Escherichia coli, 0.06 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 and 4 μg/ml, respectively; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.008 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively; Enterococcus faecalis, 0.06 and 2 μg/ml, respectively;Staphylococcus aureus, 0.25 and 4 μg/ml, respectively;Enterococcus faecalis, 0.5 and 32 μg/ml, respectively; and Staphylococcus aureus, 2 and 32 μg/ml, respectively. Generally, the UBTs for gram-positive uropathogens were higher for gemifloxacin than for ofloxacin and the UBTs for gram-negative uropathogens were higher for ofloxacin than for gemifloxacin. According to the UBTs, ofloxacin-resistant uropathogens (MICs, ≥4 mg/liter) should also be considered gemifloxacin resistant. Although clinical trials have shown that gemifloxacin is effective for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections, whether an oral dosage of 320 mg of gemifloxacin once daily is also adequate for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections has yet to be confirmed.

Antibiogram of Gram Negative Uropathogens in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Milind Davane ◽  
Sanjivani Mundhe
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Globally, urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered a major public health concern and the second most common bacterial infection affecting individuals of different ages worldwide. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by multiplicity of microorganisms. The chronicity of different bacterial isolates and their propensity to various antibiotics may differ widely, particularly in hospitalized patients, that makes the study of susceptibility pattern mandatory for a proper selection of antibiotics. Objective: To evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the Gram negative organisms isolated from urine cultures of hospitalized patients. Material and Methods: A total of 500 urine samples from hospitalized patients which showed significant bacteriuria were studied. Samples were inoculated on Blood agar and MacConckey agar. Further identification and study of organisms was done by standard Microbiological methods. Antimicrobial Susceptibility pattern was studied by Modified Kirby- Bauer’s disc diffusion method with the panel of 15 drugs as per Clinical Laboratories Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: UTIs were found more common in females 290 (58%). Commonest organism found was Escherichia coli 260 (52%) followed by Klebsiella spp. 120 (24%), Pseudomonas spp. 40 (8%), Proteus spp. 38 (7.6%), Citrobacter spp. 25 (5%) and Acinetobacter spp. 17 (3.4%). Majority of the strains were found sensitive to nitrofurantoin followed by amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam and cotrimoxazole. Commonly prescribed fluroquinolones were found least effective for treatment of UTI. All the strains were found sensitive to imipenem. Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) was noted in E.coli and in Klebsiella spp. Conclusion: To discourage the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and to prevent further development of bacterial drug resistance, proper knowledge of susceptibility pattern of uropathogens in particular area is very important before prescribing any empirical antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibiotic resistance and blaIMP-1 gene among Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from burn and urinary tract infections in Isfahan, central Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeimeh Sadat Hashemi ◽  
Meysam Mojiri ◽  
Parivash Yazdani Kachouyi ◽  
Shiva Eskandari ◽  
Mehrsa Mohammadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens responsible for various types of hospital infections. High prevalence of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa strains of human clinical samples cause more severe diseases for a longer period of time. The current research was done in order to study the distribution of blaIMP-1 gene among the imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated from burn and urinary tract infections of hospitalized patients. Two-hundred and forty-three P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from the cases of burn and urinary tract infections of inpatients and outpatients were analysis for antibiotic resistance pattern using the disk diffusion method. Then, imipenem-resistant isolates were further analyzed for distribution of blaIMP-1 gene using the PCR. Of 243 P. aeruginosa isolates, 146 strains (60.08%) were taken from outpatients and 97 strains (39.91%) were taken from inpatients. P. aeruginosa isolates harbored the highest levels of resistance against streptomycin (100%), nalidixic acid (100%), aztreonam (100%), cotrimoxazole (95.47%), ciprofloxacin (88.47%), cefotaxime (84.36%) and gentamycin (83.95%). Inpatients had a relatively higher levels of antibiotic resistance. One-hundred and twenty-one out of 126 (96.03%) imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates harbored the blaIMP-1 gene. Inpatients also had a relatively higher prevalence of blaIMP-1 gene. High prevalence of blaIMP-1 gene and also imipenemresistant P. aeruginosa are important public health issue. Clinical laboratories should consider the detection of the blaIMP-1 gene among the P. aeruginosa isolates of clinical samples.

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