scholarly journals What is at stake in data visualization? A feminist critique of the rhetorical power of data visualizations in the media

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Lucy Hill
Keyword(s):  
Data Visualization ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Feminist Critique ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Social And Ethical Issues ◽  
Contextual Detail ◽  
Data Visualizations

Data visualizations are powerful semiotic resources, which, it is sometimes claimed, have the power to change the world. This chapter argues that to understand this power we need to consider the uses to which visualizations have been put. Using visualizations relating to abortion as a case study alongside Klein and D’Ignazio’s notion of a ‘Bring Back the Bodies’ in data visualization, I argue that visualizations tell a narrow story, removing contextual detail and omitting to ask questions important to women’s health. To grasp the significance of this I propose a new body issue: the neglect of the viewer and those affected by decisions taken based on visualized data. Far from being a simple device to graphically display numerical data, therefore, there are important social and ethical issues at stake in data visualization.

scholarly journals Language Means for Shaping the Media Image of China in Russian Internet Texts (Case Study of Blogs about the Chinese Opera)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Юйси Му
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Media Image ◽  
Chinese Opera ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The World ◽  
Audience Responses ◽  
The Media

The article presents the study of the media image of China in the Russian Internet texts. The purpose of the study is to identify the language means of shaping the media image of China in blogs about Chinese opera. The material involves some of the topical blogs published on the Internet version of «Live Journal» and the «Magazeta». In those materials, the media image of China is partially formed by various aspects of Chinese opera as a cultural phenomenon: it is the cultural context in which Chinese opera exists; features of diverse opera genres; images of performers; audience responses; assessments and feelings of bloggers. The possibilities of expression of different kinds of language means are revealed, so is the authors’ perception of this type of art. It is concluded that the media image created in blogs about Chinese opera by various language means represents China as a country with a long history and unique culture. Chinese opera not only occupies an important place in the world art, but also vividly and meaningfully reflects the mystery of China.

scholarly journals Data Visualization + Scrollytelling for Election News Stories : Challenges and Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Corbeil ◽  
Florent Daudens ◽  
Thomas Hurtut
Keyword(s):  
Data Visualization ◽  
French Language ◽  
Daily Newspaper ◽  
Canadian French ◽  
News Stories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Narrative Format ◽  
Election News ◽  
Data Visualizations

This visual case study is conducted by Le Devoir, a Canadian french-language independent daily newspaper gathering around 50 journalists and one million readers every week. During the past twelve months, in collaboration with Polytechnique Montreal, we investigated a scrollytelling format strongly relying on combined series of data visualizations. This visual case study will specifically present one of the news stories we published, which communicates electoral results the day after the last Quebec general election. It gathers all the lessons that we learnt from this experience, the challenges that we tackled and the perspectives for the future. Beyond the specific electoral context of this work, these conclusions might be useful for any practitioner willing to communicate data visualization based stories, using a scrollytelling narrative format.

scholarly journals A Arte e a Ciência de dados na era digital

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Semeler ◽  
Marcelo Walter
Keyword(s):  
Binary Code ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Technological Means ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
Digital Or

Gerar dados é uma ação intrínseca da nossa relação cotidiana com o mundo. Nosso contato com os dispositivos tecnológicos digitais está sempre numa lógica binária: transcodificar nossa existência biológica para o código binário gerando um dilúvio de dados. Deste modo, produzimos dados como uma espécie de commodities (matéria prima). Ao produzir dados alimentamos longas cadeias de bases de dados que movimentam nossa cultura digital. Pretende-se analisar como essa profusão de dados pode afetar o pensamento e teorização sobre arte, seja ela digital ou não, bem como, o que fazer com estes dados no plano da arte. Neste sentido, com o uso de métodos computacionais analíticos e quantitativos, oriundos das ciências dos dados, implicam na produção, análise, e teorizações na arte. Nesse contexto, apresentamos como estudo-de-caso uma aplicação que utiliza técnicas de visualização para auxiliar na análise de obras de artistas, temáticas, cores preferidas, bem como de sua trajetória artística.AbstractGenerating data is an intrinsic part of our daily relationship with the world. Our contact with digital technological means is always in a binary logic: transcoding our biological information to the binary code generating a flood of data. This mode, we produce the data as a kind of commodities (raw material). By collecting data they fed the chains of databases that move our digital culture. It is intended to perfect precisely or do not need to know what to do, whether it is digital or not, and what to do with these data in the art plane. In this sense, with the use of analytical and quantitative computational methods, that is, the data of the media, implies in the production, analysis, and theorizations in the art. In this context, we present as a case study an application that uses visualization techniques to aid in the analysis of works by artists, themes, preferred colors, as well as their artistic trajectory

The evitability of autonomous robot warfare

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (886) ◽  
pp. 787-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel E. Sharkey
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Military ◽  
Free Ranging

AbstractThis is a call for the prohibition of autonomous lethal targeting by free-ranging robots. This article will first point out the three main international humanitarian law (IHL)/ethical issues with armed autonomous robots and then move on to discuss a major stumbling block to their evitability: misunderstandings about the limitations of robotic systems and artificial intelligence. This is partly due to a mythical narrative from science fiction and the media, but the real danger is in the language being used by military researchers and others to describe robots and what they can do. The article will look at some anthropomorphic ways that robots have been discussed by the military and then go on to provide a robotics case study in which the language used obfuscates the IHL issues. Finally, the article will look at problems with some of the current legal instruments and suggest a way forward to prohibition.

scholarly journals Metáforas e gráficos pictórico-esquemáticos de Nigel Holmes | Nigel Holme’s metaphors and pictorial-schematic charts

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-348
Author(s):  
Ricardo Oliveira da Cunha Lima
Keyword(s):  
Data Visualization ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Information Design ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Graphic Language ◽  
Data Visualizations

Neste artigo, abordaremos metáforas visuais utilizadas na visualização de dados da infografia do célebre designer Nigel Holmes. Isto foi feito mediante o diálogo com a linguística cognitiva e a retórica visual, pela ótica da teoria de design da informação. Para tanto, nossa abordagem é embasada na teoria das metáforas cognitivas, marcadas pelos estudos de Lakoff e Johnson (1980), e a tradição de estudos de figuras de linguagem visual. Nesta análise utilizamos uma taxonomia de figuras de linguagem pictóricas utilizadas em gráficos estatísticos (LIMA, 2018). Ao analisarmos as metáforas pictóricas utilizadas por Holmes, observamos que este designer tem a tendência a sobrepor elementos pictóricos a elementos esquemáticos em seus gráficos estatísticos. Nós cunhamos esta mescla de modalidades gráficas de gráficos pictórico-esquemáticos. Este uso de elementos pictóricos, muitas vezes, humorísticos sobrepostos a dados numéricos precisos foi duramente combatida por teóricos do design da informação como Edward Tufte, na década de 1980. Estes elementos pictóricos foram chamados de chartjunk. Este termo tem servido como uma crítica à elementos visuais consideradas supérfluos em nome de uma abordagem mais neutra na infografia e visualização de dados. No entanto, procuramos entender a escolha do uso de metáforas visuais por Holmes como uma abordagem que não se limita a uma suposta neutralidade de linguagem gráfica.*****In this article, the focus is on visual metaphors used in Nigel Holmes’ data visualizations present in his infographics. This analysis was accomplished by approaching the theory of cognitive linguistics and visual rhetoric from the point of view of information design. Our study is based on the theory of cognitive metaphors, notably the work of Lakoff and Johnson (1980), and the study of figures of speech in visual language. In this analysis, we used a taxonomy of figures of speech for pictorial language in data visualization (LIMA, 2018). When analyzing the pictorial metaphors used by Holmes, we observe that this designer tends to overlap pictorial elements on schematic ones in his statistical charts. We coined this mix of graphic modalities: pictorial-schematic charts (gráficos pictórico-esquemáticos). This use of pictorial elements, often humorous, overlapping precise numerical data was harshly opposed by information design theorists such as Edward Tufte in the 1980s. These pictorial elements were called chartjunk. This term has served as a criticism of visual elements considered superfluous in the name of a more neutral approach to infographics and data visualization. However, we seek to understand Holmes' choice of using visual metaphors as an approach that is not limited to a supposedly neutral graphic language.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF IGNORANCE IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF AL-FARABI

Al-Farabi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
N. Rushanova ◽  
◽  
A. Syrgakbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
The World ◽  
Social And Ethical Issues ◽  
Social Project

Al-Farabi devoted a significant part of his work to the development of social and ethical issues. The article attempts to reveal the content of the concept of “ignorance” in the heritage of al-Farabi. The need to raise this question is due to the fact that Farabi’s philosophy is permeated with the understanding of the collisions of knowledge and ignorance, right and wrong in the attitude of people to each other and to the world around them. It can be argued without exaggeration that the concept of ignorance, in its various aspects, occupies a central place in the work of the Arab thinker and sets the scale and specifics of his social project. Ignorance in the interpretation of al-Farabi is primarily the opposite of virtue, that is not only knowledge, education, but also a wrong view of life, of its values and goals. This wrong view gives rise to wrong actions, distorted morality, and with it - social relations that do not correspond to the concept of truly human.

scholarly journals Designer notoriety: What the Lubitz case tells us about the accumulation of attention capital in celebrity culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
Chris Rojek
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Celebrity Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Media ◽  
Normative Order

This article introduces the concept of designer notoriety to refer to calculated attempts to derail aspects of normative order so as to garner media attention. The objective is for otherwise unexceptional people to gain celebrity. The case of the alleged sabotage of Germanwings Airbus A320 Flight, by the co-pilot, Andreas Lubitz, in 2015, is used as a case study. Drawing on the methods of content analysis from various media sources and historical sociology, the article examines the media claim that Lubitz sought celebrity and planned the crash as a means to acquire media interest. Public receptivity to the notion of designer notoriety is investigated. It is related to three key concepts: ‘the demotic turn’, ‘mediatization’ and the ‘world historic event’. The application of each concept to designer notoriety is set out and justified. The article ends by expanding the Lubitz case to refer to other examples of designer notoriety.

Between snapshots and avatars: using visual methodologies for fieldwork in Second Life

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Roush ◽  
Ming Nie ◽  
Matthew Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Teaching And Learning Environment ◽  
The Media ◽  
Pedagogical Frameworks

For a Digital Photography degree Second Life presents a unique teaching and learning environment. It is one of the most photographed 3-D Immersive Virtual Worlds with snapshots (digital images) of its residents and locations circulating abundantly online and in the media. Crucially, in addition to offering its own photographic tools, it is a rich social space with many possibilities for art-based photographic research. However, in spite of the large community of educators now working in Second Life and the increasing number of universities extending their presences in-world, pedagogical frameworks to bring art and media students for fieldwork in Second Life are still relatively rare and educators wanting to explore creative approaches may find themselves in a situation similar to other “newbies”: with a dressed up avatar…but nowhere to go! This paper addresses this issue with a discussion of a case study that fostered collaborative learning in a Second Life photography-based research project. We delineate the use of photographic tools available in Second Life to both capture and display images and describe the activities used for situated ethnographic work. This experiment demonstrates a good example of how to use Second Life for supporting group discussion and interaction through the development of interactive objects. The results also show the potential of Second Life for researching into subcultures and promoting students to consider broader ethical issues when conducting photo-based fieldwork in Second Life and other environments.

Dualities of Form: Considerations of Functional and Narrative Aspects of Design for Data Visualization

Design Issues ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Timothy Samara
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
True Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Formal Duality ◽  
Data Visualizations

Abstract Design expertise's true value is its capacity to render complex information understandable and compelling. To make informed decisions, lay audiences depend on the clarity and resonance of data displays. But these, as created by scientists, journalists, and policy researchers, often contradict principles understood by designers to effectively and convincingly communicate data through visual means. Design education and practice insist that visual form conveys the nature of content, or data, on both objectively functional and narrative levels. This article addresses established best practices for creating clear, functional data displays, using form to clarify data's relevance and reveal its intricacy without distortion. It further advocates exploiting form's narrative potential—to qualify and contextualize information, thus enhancing how viewers internalize data, accept its veracity, and invest interest in its meaning. The author posits balancing this formal duality within data visualizations to best engage and resonate with lay audiences, and so catalyze their participation in the world around them.

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