scholarly journals Authentication of Unused Medicine Domination for NGOs

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 297-307
Author(s):  
J.Esther Jenslin ◽  
P.Sahaya Jenitha ◽  
S.Sri Selva Meenakshi
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Black Market ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Constant Increase ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Expired Medicines ◽  
Prescription Writing ◽  
Drug Donations

This project aims to donate medicines which are unused. The unused medicine can be donated for further utilization by a needy person. This application helps the user to donate unused medicines to NGO. Admin will login and manage members by deleting and blocking the users providing improper or expired medicines. Admin has to verify the uploaded image for their expiry date.NGO manages the stock which helps to maintain a record of the available medicine. Members can also check their previous data of medicine transactions. The donation of unused medicines is not accepted worldwide, although it is legal in some countries. A constant increase in the rate of prescription writing has prompted several charity organizations to collect a growing number of unused medicines. WHO guidelines for drug donations discourage donation of unused medicines, as this may create a number of problems. Detrimental effects of drug donations for use in emergency situations have been reported, as the arrival of unsorted, useless and expired medicines requires management and sorting, which may take up the time of health workers and eventually lead to the appearance of these drugs on the black market. However, cases of regulated donations have been reported in the USA, where several states have adopted laws in order to facilitate the redistribution of unused drugs to indigent and uninsured patients.This project aims to donate medicines which are unused. The unused medicine can be donated for further utilization by a needy person. This application helps the user to donate unused medicines to NGO. Admin will login and manage members by deleting and blocking the users providing improper or expired medicines. Admin has to verify the uploaded image for their expiry date.NGO manages the stock which helps to maintain a record of the available medicine.Members can also check their previous data of medicine transactions.

scholarly journals An analysis of 1999 world health organisation (WHO) guidelines for drug donations for better donation practice in emergency situations

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-56
Author(s):  
Joep Ahmed Djojodibroto ◽  
Reinhard Huss
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Health Policy Analysis ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
2004 Tsunami ◽  
Drug Donations

In disasters and emergency situations, a lot of drug and medical supplies comes to the affected area from local or international donors. But, those donations often generate more problems for the recipients. The WHO and major humanitarian organisations developed WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations in 1996. The guidelines based on four core principles which are all donation should benefit the recipient, respect for wishes and authority of the recipient, there should not be a double standard in quality, and effective communication between donor and recipient. The guidelines influenced positively to drug donation practices for several years until 2004. The drug donation practices during 2004 tsunami relief in Sri Lanka and Aceh (Indonesia) showed that the compliance with WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations was low. This study aim was to strengthen the effectiveness of WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations in disaster and emergency situations. While the objectives are to explore the strength and weakness of the WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations and to recommend how to improve the effectiveness of drug donations. In this study, the WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations were analysed using the model of health policy analysis from Walt and Gilson, which is specifically used for analysing health policies. The framework is viewed as a tool to describe the interactions and interconnections systems between content, context, process and groups of actors. The author concludes that presence of donation operator team for drug donations is needed during the emergency situations and it should be stated in the WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations. The WHO needs to encourage donors and recipients to refer to WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations when they are making their own guidelines. The guidelines can be strengthened at country level and adjusted to regulations in the countries. The WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations should state that donations are preferred in form of New Emergency Health Kit (NEHK) or cash donations, and the necessity of information and communication centre in the WHO Guidelines for Drug Donations.

The analysis of emergency situations related to fires at nuclear power plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
S. A. Titov ◽  
N. M. Barbin ◽  
A. M. Kobelev
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Large Fires ◽  
Short Circuits ◽  
Nuclear Reactor Core

Introduction. The article provides a system and statistical analysis of emergency situations associated with fires at nuclear power plants (NPPs) in various countries of the world for the period from 1955 to 2019. The countries, where fires occurred at nuclear power plants, were identified (the USA, Great Britain, Switzerland, the USSR, Germany, Spain, Japan, Russia, India and France). Facilities, exposed to fires, are identified; causes of fires are indicated. The types of reactors where accidents and incidents, accompanied by large fires, have been determined.The analysis of major emergency situations at nuclear power plants accompanied by large fires. During the period from 1955 to 2019, 27 large fires were registered at nuclear power plants in 10 countries. The largest number of major fires was registered in 1984 (three fires), all of them occurred in the USSR. Most frequently, emergency situations occurred at transformers and cable channels — 40 %, nuclear reactor core — 15 %, reactor turbine — 11 %, reactor vessel — 7 %, steam pipeline systems, cooling towers — 7 %. The main causes of fires were technical malfunctions — 33 %, fires caused by the personnel — 30 %, fires due to short circuits — 18 %, due to natural disasters (natural conditions) — 15 % and unknown reasons — 4 %. A greater number of fires were registered at RBMK — 6, VVER — 5, BWR — 3, and PWR — 3 reactors.Conclusions. Having analyzed accidents, involving large fires at nuclear power plants during the period from 1955 to 2019, we come to the conclusion that the largest number of large fires was registered in the USSR. Nonetheless, to ensure safety at all stages of the life cycle of a nuclear power plant, it is necessary to apply such measures that would prevent the occurrence of severe fires and ensure the protection of personnel and the general public from the effects of a radiation accident.

scholarly journals Drinking water standards in South American countries: convergences and divergences

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vívian Gemiliano Pinto ◽  
Léo Heller ◽  
Rafael Kopschitz Xavier Bastos
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
World Health ◽  
South American ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Drinking Water Standards ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Almost All

In this paper we present a comparative assessment of drinking-water standards from almost all South American countries, using the USA and the Canadian standards and the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines as references. Similarities and discrepancies between standards/guidelines were identified through descriptive analyses and, in the case of chemical standards, clustering techniques. In general, one or another of the four consecutive editions of the WHO Guidelines were shown to be quite influential in setting drinking-water standards in the region, but not so much the USA and the Canadian standards. Considerable discrepancies between South American drinking-water standards were found, mainly with respect to chemical substances. Questions are raised about their scientific basis and/or the practicalities for their enforcement. In conclusion, the paper highlights that many drinking-water regulations in South America need updating, taking on the approach of health-based targets in setting these standards, as well as that of a broader risk-based preventive management in the entire supply system to assure water safety.

scholarly journals Point-of-sale marketing of little cigars and cigarillos on and near California Tribal lands

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina L Smiley ◽  
Claradina Soto ◽  
Tess Boley Cruz ◽  
Natalie Kintz ◽  
Yaneth L Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Indians ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Price Promotions ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Tribal Lands

IntroductionAmerican Indians have the highest cigarette smoking prevalence of any racial/ethnic group in the USA. Tobacco marketing at point-of-sale is associated with smoking, possibly due to easy access to cheap tobacco products. The sale of novel tobacco products like little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs) has increased in recent years which may further increase combustible tobacco use among American Indians.MethodsBetween October 2015 and February 2017, trained community health workers collected LCC product and price information by conducting audits of tobacco retailers on Tribal lands (n=53) and retailers within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands (n=43) in California. Χ2 analyses were performed to examine associations among the availability and advertising of LCCs, including indoor price promotions and store location.ResultsOverall, 85.4% of stores sold LCCs, 76.0% sold flavoured LCCs and 51.0% sold LCCs for less than $1. Indoor price promotions were displayed at 45 (46.9%) stores. Stores within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands sold significantly more LCC (p<0.01) and flavoured LCCs (p=0.01) than stores on Tribal lands. Stores within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands also displayed significantly more LCCs priced at less than $1 (p<0.01) than stores on Tribal lands.ConclusionsLCCs are widely available in stores on and near California Tribal lands. Stores located a short distance away from Tribal lands were more likely to sell LCCs, including flavoured versions, more likely to sell LCCs priced below $1, and more likely to advertise little LCC price promotions than stores on Tribal lands. Policy-makers and Tribal leaders should consider regulations that would limit access to LCCs at point of sale to help prevent youth initiation and reduce smoking-related morbidity and mortality among American Indians.

RISING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DURING EMERGENCIES AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-123
Author(s):  
Tamara K. Rostovskaya ◽  
◽  
Natal’ya A. Bezverbnaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Restrictive Measures

The issue of the situation of women facing domestic violence in emergency situations, including the environmental and man-made disasters, pandemics, in general, remains poorly understood. The main body of scientific publications on the topic is represented by quantitative and qualitative research conducted in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the USA. Several important events have taken place in the Russian Federation over the past few years, which, in our opinion, have aggravated the issue of domestic violence: firstly, cessation of the statistical recording of offenses related to beating the family members and other close persons, therefore, the main data were obtained by the authors from non-profit organizations that provide assistance to victims of domestic violence. The second event that affected every country and territory is the COVID-19 pandemic: the first and second waves of the pandemic entailed restrictive measures, which provoked socio-economic tensions in isolation. The COVID-19 pandemic is classified as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization Declaration. In that context, the issue of the risks of domestic violence is of particular relevance

scholarly journals To give is better than to receive: compliance with WHO guidelines for drug donations during 200-2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 922-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bero ◽  
Brittany Carson ◽  
Helene Moller ◽  
Suzanne Hill
Keyword(s):  
Who Guidelines ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Drug Donations

scholarly journals Blood transfusion in children: the refusal of Jehovah’s Witness parents’

Open Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelaide Conti ◽  
Emanuele Capasso ◽  
Claudia Casella ◽  
Piergiorgio Fedeli ◽  
Francesco Antonio Salzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Competent Authority ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Parental Responsibility ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Jehovah’S Witness ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Jehovah's Witness ◽  
A Minor

AbstractIn Italy, both parents have parental responsibility; as a general principle they have the power to give or withhold consent to medical procedures on their children, including consent for blood transfusion; however these rights are not absolute and exist only to promote the welfare of children.MethodsThe Authors discuss ethical and legal framework for Jehovah’s Witness parents’ refusal of blood transfusion in Italy. They searched national judgments concerning Jehovah’s Witness parents’ refusal of blood transfusion – and related comments – in national legal databases and national legal journals, and literature on medical literature databases.ResultsIn the case of Jehovah’s Witness parents’ refusal of blood transfusion for their child, Italian Courts adopt measures that prevents the parents from exercise their parental responsibility not in the child’s best interest.DiscussionIn the event that refusal by the parents, outside of emergency situations, exposes the child’s health to serious risk, health workers must proceed by notifying the competent authority, according also to the Italian Code of Medical Ethics.ConclusionWhen the patient is a minor, the child’s best interest always come first.

scholarly journals Re-evaluation of the basic procedures involved in the storage of measles vaccine in public health units of the municipality of Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solange A. Oliveira ◽  
Maria L.P. Loureiro ◽  
Carlos R.V. Kiffer ◽  
Luiz M.F. Maduro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Immunization Programme

Four years after the first visit seventeen public health units were visited again and evaluated as to standards of storage recommended by the Brazilian Immunization Programme. In 100% of the units, refrigerators and proper inside location of vaccines in the refrigerator were adequatety or regularfy maintained and checked, respectively. However, when control of temperature was checked, onfy 64.7% presented adequate storage conditions. In 94.1 % of the units, health workers complained of lack of immediate technical support in emergency situations. In 55.2 % the titers vaccine samples of were under the minimal recommended potency. It is necessary that the factors concerning the cold chain be continualfy evaluated so that the quality of the vaccines that will be used is not affected.

scholarly journals Global concerns of dental and oral health workers during COVID-19 outbreak: a scope study on the concerns and the coping strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peivand Bastani ◽  
Mohammadtaghi Mohammadpour ◽  
Arash Ghanbarzadegan ◽  
Kostas Kapellas ◽  
Loc Giang Do
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Background Dental and oral health workers have direct contact with respiratory aerosols of patients during procedures. This study aimed to determine the main concerns of dental and oral health workers globally during COVID-19 outbreaks and the coping strategies that help the resilience of dental and oral healthcare system. Methods This scoping study was conducted in August 2020. After adjusting the search strategy, a systematic search of five databases (PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest and EMBASE) was conducted. Data was extracted using Microsoft Excel and the contents of retrieved articles were analysed through a qualitative thematic analysis applying MAX QDA10. Results Most articles were either editorial/letters to the editor/commentary formats (34%), or literature reviews (26%). About half of the articles belonged to three countries of Italy, China and the USA (each 16% and totally 48%). Thematic analysis of included papers led to the identification of four main global concerns and 19 sub-concerns. Economic, ethical, social and professional concerns are among dental and oral health concerns. Other results indicate on three main themes and 13 sub-themes as the coping strategies including patient management, infection control and virtual strategies. Conclusion Dental and oral health care workers have many concerns relating to COVID-19 including economic, ethical, social and professional factors. Resolution of concerns may involve enhancing coping strategies relating to patient management and infection control strategies as well as using new technologies for virtual contact with the patient without any risk of infection.

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